797 research outputs found
Flux domes in superconducting films without edges
Domelike magnetic-flux-density distributions previously have been observed
experimentally and analyzed theoretically in superconducting films with edges,
such as in strips and thin plates. Such flux domes have been explained as
arising from a combination of strong geometric barriers and weak bulk pinning.
In this paper we predict that, even in films with bulk pinning, flux domes also
occur when vortices and antivortices are produced far from the film edges
underneath current-carrying wires, coils, or permanent magnets placed above the
film. Vortex-antivortex pairs penetrating through the film are generated when
the magnetic field parallel to the surface exceeds H_{c1}+K_c, where H_{c1} is
the lower critical field and K_c = j_c d is the critical sheet-current density
(the product of the bulk critical current density j_c and the film thickness
d). The vortices and antivortices move in opposite directions to locations
where they join others to create separated vortex and antivortex flux domes. We
consider a simple arrangement of a pair of current-carrying wires carrying
current I_0 in opposite directions and calculate the magnetic-field and
current-density distributions as a function of I_0 both in the
bulk-pinning-free case (K_c = 0) and in the presence of bulk pinning,
characterized by a field-independent critical sheet-current density (K_c > 0).Comment: 15 pages, 23 figure
Anomalous Hall effect for the phonon heat conductivity in paramagnetic dielectric
The theory of anomalous Hall effect for the heat transfer in a paramagnetic
dielectric, discovered experimentally in [1], is developed. The appearance of
the phonon heat flux normal to both the temperature gradient and the magnetic
field is connected with the interaction of magnetic ions with the crystal field
oscillations. In crystals with an arbitrary phonon spectrum this interaction
creates the elliptical polarization of phonons. The kinetics related to phonon
scattering induced by the spin-phonon interaction determines an origin of the
off-diagonal phonon density matrix. The combination of the both factors is
decisive for the phenomenon under consideration.Comment: 5 pages; typos and abstract correcte
Metallic ground state and glassy transport in single crystalline URhGe: Enhancement of disorder effects in a strongly correlated electron system
We present a detailed study of the electronic transport properties on a
single crystalline specimen of the moderately disordered heavy fermion system
URhGe. For this material, we find glassy electronic transport in a
single crystalline compound. We derive the temperature dependence of the
electrical conductivity and establish metallicity by means of optical
conductivity and Hall effect measurements. The overall behavior of the
electronic transport properties closely resembles that of metallic glasses,
with at low temperatures an additional minor spin disorder contribution. We
argue that this glassy electronic behavior in a crystalline compound reflects
the enhancement of disorder effects as consequence of strong electronic
correlations.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in PR
Unsolved issues related to multivitamin and multimineral support for patients following bariatric surgery
In the review article the authors discuss unsolved issues regarding vitamin and mineral support of patients undergoing bariatric/metabolic operations. Many patients refer for the surgery already having deficiencies of macro- and micronutrients and need preoperative preparation for improving of vitamin-mineral status. Vitamin-mineral support is indicated after each bariatric operation, however the volume of nutritive support and the choice and doses of vitamins and minerals can be varied depending on type of surgery. Hypoabsorptive procedures such as duodenal switch or SADI-S (Single anastomosis duodeno–ileal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy) usually demand more significant protein, calcium and iron supplementations together with administration of multivitamin complexes containing fat-soluble vitamins. Existing standard vitamin-mineral complexes may not contain necessary doses of iron, calcium, fat-soluble and other vitamins as well as some microelements like cooper, zink, selenium etc. Thus, sufficient vitamin-mineral support may need up to 10 tablets or pills daily depending on kind of surgery. That can influence on patient’s compliance, lead to refusal of supplementations and thus to undesirable metabolic consequences after surgery. The authors have concluded about necessity of working out of cost-effective domestic series of vitamin-mineral combinations with high bio-availability specially adapted to every class of bariatric/metabolic operation. To author’s opinion this can lead to better patient’s compliance and can prevent undesirable side effects after metabolic surgery
ETEKOS experimental ecological system
The problem of changes in the ecology resulting, for example, in increases in water temperature because of discharges from large thermal power plants is considered. An experiment creating a model of such an ecological system is described
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