The Use of Low-temperature Potential of the Environment in Energy-efficient Refrigeration Supply Technologies of the Enterprises of GC “Titan”

AbstractThe paper deals with issues on the improvement of the refrigeration supply system of a petrochemical enterprise in Western Siberia. Using a low-temperature potential of the environment allows for saving on some productions up to 50% of energy resources. It also describes variants of refrigeration supply schemes using new energy-efficient technologies

Microwave generation in synchronized semiconductor superlattices

We study high-frequency generation in a system of electromagnetically coupled semiconductor superlattices fabricated on the same doped substrate. Applying a bias voltage to a single superlattice generates high-frequency current oscillations. We demonstrate that within a certain range of the applied voltage, the current oscillations within the superlattices can be self-synchronized, which leads to a dramatic rise in the generated microwave power. These results, which are in good agreement with our numerical model, open a promising practical route towards the design of high-power miniature microwave generators

COMBINED COOLING OF CONDENSATION UNIT OF VAPOR COMPRESSION REFRIGERATION STATIONS

In large refrigeration systems it is used to compose condensation node with water-cooled condensers. In actual conditions of deficit and increase of cooling water price it is appropriate combined cooling of condensation unit on existing and developed large refrigeration facilities. Combined cooling of condensation unit allows stabilizing the condensing pressure and significantly reducing the consumption of cooling water

Control of epileptic seizures in WAG/Rij rats by means of brain-computer interface

Item does not contain fulltextThe main issue of epileptology is the elimination of epileptic events. This can be achieved by a system that predicts the emergence of seizures in conjunction with a system that interferes with the process that leads to the onset of seizure. The prediction of seizures remains, for the present, unresolved in the absence epilepsy, due to the sudden onset of seizures. We developed an algorithm for predicting seizures in real time, evaluated it and implemented it into an online closed-loop brain stimulation system designed to prevent typical for the absence of epilepsy of spike waves (SWD) in the genetic rat model. The algorithm correctly predicts more than 85% of the seizures and the rest were successfully detected. Unlike the old beliefs that SWDs are unpredictable, current results show that they can be predicted and that the development of systems for predicting and preventing closed-loop capture is a feasible step on the way to intervention to achieve control and freedom from epileptic seizures.SPIE BiOS (San Francisco, California, United States, 27 January - 1 February 2018

Clinical symptoms of acute coronary insufficiency correlate with GP-IIIa genotype of integrin β-subunit

Studies of the clinical course of acute coronary insufficiency (progressive angina and myocardial infarction) in patients carrying a mutant allele of the Pl-A(II) gene encoding integrin GPIIIa β-subunit revealed significant differences in the incidence of some clinical signs in comparison with patients homozygous for the normal Pl-A(I) allele

Methods of automated absence seizure detection, interference by stimulation, and possibilities for prediction in genetic absence models

Item does not contain fulltextBACKGROUND: Genetic rat models for childhood absence epilepsy have become instrumental in developing theories on the origin of absence epilepsy, the evaluation of new and experimental treatments, as well as in developing new methods for automatic seizure detection, prediction, and/or interference of seizures. METHOD: Various methods for automated off and on-line analyses of ECoG in rodent models are reviewed, as well as data on how to interfere with the spike-wave discharges by different types of invasive and non-invasive electrical, magnetic, and optical brain stimulation. Also a new method for seizure prediction is proposed. RESULTS: Many selective and specific methods for off- and on-line spike-wave discharge detection seem excellent, with possibilities to overcome the issue of individual differences. Moreover, electrical deep brain stimulation is rather effective in interrupting ongoing spike-wave discharges with low stimulation intensity. A network based method is proposed for absence seizures prediction with a high sensitivity but a low selectivity. Solutions that prevent false alarms, integrated in a closed loop brain stimulation system open the ways for experimental seizure control. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of preictal cursor activity detected with state of the art time frequency and network analyses shows that spike-wave discharges are not caused by sudden and abrupt transitions but that there are detectable dynamic events. Their changes in time-space-frequency characteristics might yield new options for seizure prediction and seizure control.15 p

Absence seizure control by a brain computer interface

The ultimate goal of epileptology is the complete abolishment of epileptic seizures. This might be achieved by a system that predicts seizure onset combined with a system that interferes with the process that leads to the onset of a seizure. Seizure prediction remains, as of yet, unresolved in absence-epilepsy, due to the sudden onset of seizures. We have developed a real-time absence seizure prediction algorithm, evaluated it and implemented it in an on-line, closed-loop brain stimulation system designed to prevent the spike-wave-discharges (SWDs), typical for absence epilepsy, in a genetic rat model. The algorithm corretly predicted 88% of the SWDs while the remaining were quickly detected. A high number of false-positive detections occurred mainly during light slow-wave-sleep. Inclusion of criteria to prevent false-positives greatly reduced the false alarm rate but decreased the sensitivity of the algoritm. Implementation of the latter version into a closed-loop brain-stimulation-system resulted in a 72% decrease in seizure activity. In contrast to long standing beliefs that SWDs are unpredictable, these results demonstrate that they can be predicted and that the development of closed-loop seizure prediction and prevention systems is a feasable step towards interventions to attain control and freedom from epileptic seizures

Brain-computer interface for the epileptic seizures prediction and prevention

Item does not contain fulltext30% of epileptic patients are resistant to drug therapy. A prospective treatment strategy for refractory epilepsy patients is a brain-computer interface (BCI) in which the epileptic seizures are modulated either by the preprogrammed stimulation schedules (open loop) or via the closed-loop stimulation. The closed-loop BCI implies that seizures are automatically detected and that the detection triggers stimulation which subsequently aborts seizures. Up to now, this experimental treatment is only able to reduce seizures duration, while the ultimate aim is their complete abolishment. We have developed a closed-loop BCI aimed to predict and prevent spike-wave discharges, the electrophysiological anchor of absence seizures, in a genetic absence rat model; it predicted 45% of the seizures while the remaining ones were detected. When we evaluated the combination of the prediction and seizure detection with closed-loop electrical stimulation, a 72% decrease of seizure activity duration was achieved.The 8th International Winter Conference on Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) (Gangwon, Korea (South), 26-28 Feb. 2020