Current indications for post-mastectomy radiation

It has been long established that post-mastectomy radiotherapy reduces the risk of locoregional failure. A survival advantage, however, has only recently been demonstrated. We here provide a review of the literature as regards to the current indications for post-mastectomy radiotherapy

Discovering Influential Twitter Authors Via Clustering And Ranking On Apache Storm

Nowadays several millions of people are throughout the day active, while hundreds of new accounts are created daily on social media. Thousands of short-length posts or tweets are posted on Twitter, a popular micro-blogging platform by a vast variety of authors and thus creating a widely diverse social content. The emerged diversity not only does indicate a remarkable strength, but also reveals a certain kind of difficulty when attempting to find Twitter’s authoritative and influencing authors. This work introduces a two-step algorithmic approach for discovering these authors. A set of metrics and features are, firstly, extracted from the social network e.g. friends and followers and the content of the tweets written by the author are extracted. Then, Twitter’s most authoritative authors are discovered by employing two distinct approaches, one which relies on probabilistic while the other applies fuzzy clustering. In particular, the former, initially, employs the Gaussian Mixture Model to identify the most authoritative authors and then introduces a novel ranking technique which relies on computing the cumulative Gaussian distribution of the extracted metrics and features. On the other hand, the latter combines the Gaussian Mixture Model with fuzzy c-means and subsequently the derived authors are ranked via the Borda count technique. The results indicate that the second scheme was able to find more authoritative authors in the benchmark dataset. Both approaches were designed, implemented, and executed on a local cluster of the Apache Storm framework, a cloud-based platform which supports streaming data and real-time scenarios

Cognitive and Personality Predictors of School Performance From Preschool to Secondary School : An Overarching Model

In this article, existing research investigating how school performance relates to cognitive, selfawareness, language, and personality processes is reviewed. We outline the architecture of the mind, involving a general factor, g, that underlies distinct mental processes (i.e., executive, reasoning, language, cognizance, and personality processes). From preschool to adolescence, g shifts from executive to reasoning and cognizance processes; personality also changes, consolidating in adolescence. There are three major trends in the existing literature: (a) All processes are highly predictive of school achievement if measured alone, each accounting for ∼20% of its variance; (b) when measured together, cognitive processes (executive functions and representational awareness in preschool and fluid intelligence after late primary school) dominate as predictors (over ∼50%), drastically absorbing self-concepts and personality dispositions that drop to ∼3%–5%; and (c) predictive power changes according to the processes forming g at successive levels: attention control and representational awareness in preschool (∼85%); fluid intelligence, language, and working memory in primary school (∼53%); fluid intelligence, language, self-evaluation, and school-specific self-concepts in secondary school (∼70%). Stability and plasticity of personality emerge as predictors in secondary school. A theory of educational priorities is proposed, arguing that (a) executive and awareness processes; (b) information management; and (c) reasoning, self-evaluation, and flexibility in knowledge building must dominate in preschool, primary, and secondary school, respectively.acceptedVersionPeer reviewe

Goldstone bosons in different PT-regimes of non-Hermitian scalar quantum field theories

We study the interplay between spontaneously breaking global continuous and discrete antilinear symmetries in a newly proposed general class of non-Hermitian quantum field theories containing a mixture of complex and real scalar fields. We analyse the model for different types of global symmetry preserving and breaking vacua. In addition, the models are symmetric under various types of discrete antilinear symmetries composed out of nonstandard simultaneous charge conjugations, time-reversals and parity transformations; CPT. While the global symmetry governs the existence of massless Goldstone bosons, the discrete one controls the precise expression of the Goldstone bosons in terms of the original fields in the model and its physical regimes. We show that even when the CPT-symmetries are broken on the level of the action expanded around different types of vacua, the mass spectra might still be real when the symmetry is preserved at the tree approximation and the breaking only occurs at higher order. We discuss the parameter space of some of the models in the proposed class and identify physical regimes in which massless Goldstone bosons emerge when the vacuum spontaneously breaks the global symmetry or equivalently when the corresponding Noether currents are conserved. The physical regions are bounded by exceptional points in different ways. There exist special points in parameter space for which massless bosons may occur already before breaking the global symmetry. However, when the global symmetry is broken at these points they can no longer be distinguished from genuine Goldstone bosons

Non-Hermitian systems of Euclidean Lie algebraic type with real energy spectra

We study several classes of non-Hermitian Hamiltonian systems, which can be expressed in terms of bilinear combinations of Euclidean Lie algebraic generators. The classes are distinguished by different versions of antilinear (PT)-symmetries exhibiting various types of qualitative behaviour. On the basis of explicitly computed non-perturbative Dyson maps we construct metric operators, isospectral Hermitian counterparts for which we solve the corresponding time-independent Schr\"{o}dinger equation for specific choices of the coupling constants. In these cases general analytical expressions for the solutions are obtained in the form of Mathieu functions, which we analyze numerically to obtain the corresponding energy spectra. We identify regions in the parameter space for which the corresponding spectra are entirely real and also domains where the PT symmetry is spontaneously broken and sometimes also regained at exceptional points. In some cases it is shown explicitly how the threshold region from real to complex spectra is characterized by the breakdown of the Dyson maps or the metric operator. We establish the explicit relationship to models currently under investigation in the context of beam dynamics in optical lattices

Antithrombotic Treatment in Patients With Hemophilia: an EHA-ISTH-EAHAD-ESO Clinical Practice Guidance

Cardiovascular disease is an emerging medical issue in patients with hemophilia (PWH) and its prevalence is increasing up to 15% in PWH in the United States. Atrial fibrillation, acute and chronic coronary syndromes, venous thromboembolism, and cerebral thrombosis are frequent thrombotic or prothrombotic situations, which require a careful approach to fine-tune the delicate balance between thrombosis and hemostasis in PWH when using both procoagulant and anticoagulant treatments. Generally, PWH could be considered as being naturally anticoagulated when clotting factors are 20 IU/dL in need for any form of antithrombotic therapy, usually treatment without additional clotting factor prophylaxis could be used, but careful monitoring for bleeding is recommended. For antiplatelet treatment, this threshold could be lower with single-antiplatelet agent, but again factor level should be at least 20 IU/dL for dual antiplatelet treatment. In this complex growing scenario, the European Hematology Association in collaboration with the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis, the European Association for Hemophilia and Allied Disorders, the European Stroke Organization, and a representative of the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on Thrombosis has produced this current guidance document to provide clinical practice recommendations for health care providers who care for PWH

Spontaneous PT-Symmetry Breaking for Systems of Noncommutative Euclidean Lie Algebraic Type

We propose a noncommutative version of the Euclidean Lie algebra E 2. Several types of non-Hermitian Hamiltonian systems expressed in terms of generic combinations of the generators of this algebra are investigated. Using the breakdown of the explicitly constructed Dyson maps as a criterium, we identify the domains in the parameter space in which the Hamiltonians have real energy spectra and determine the exceptional points signifying the crossover into the different types of spontaneously broken PT-symmetric regions with pairs of complex conjugate eigenvalues. We find exceptional points which remain invariant under the deformation as well as exceptional points becoming dependent on the deformation parameter of the algebra