〈Research Note〉Japan\u27s Practice in the Tourism Development of Uzbekistan: Tourism Strategy in the Japanese and Uzbek Economies

Tourism is a rapidly developing and highly profitable sector of the economy. It is capable of raising the level of the economy to a new height of development. In Uzbekistan, tourism is given great attention and at the same time, large investments are being made to improve its infrastructure. Cooperation between Japan and Uzbekistan has been continuing for a long time and the support from Japan represents such great significance. Currently, a large number of joint projects are being implemented between the two countries, and in the long term, this will lead to an unprecedented success of the tourism sector. The main purpose of this study is to reveal the essence of tourism and its role in the economy of two countries - Japan and Uzbekistan. Moreover, to explore the experience of tourism development of aforementioned countries and the possibility of applying Japan\u27s experience in Uzbekistan. The study begins with the consideration of the goals of tourism, its prospects, tourist infrastructure that includes the hotel business, transportation, and communications. Further, the study discusses past experiences in the development of tourism, its present situation, as well as prospects for development in Japan and Uzbekistan

Petroclival meningioma. An Attempt to define the role of skull base approaches in their surgical management.

Abstract BACKGROUND: Petroclival meningiomas represent a difficult surgical challenge. The introduction of modern techniques of skull base surgery has stimulated the interest of the neurosurgical community in the surgical management of these lesions, although very good results have been obtained by experienced neurosurgeons in cases of petroclival meningioma operated using traditional surgical approaches. METHODS: Thirty-one cases of petroclival meningioma have been operated on during a 4-year period using two different philosophies as far as the approach. Group A patients (13 cases) have been operated on using mostly either a subtemporal transtentorial or a retrosigmoid approach. Group B patients (18 cases) have been managed using a lateral skull base approach, either the anterior transpetrosal or the presigmoid approach. Translabyrinthine/transcochlear approaches have been used occasionally. RESULTS: Tumor dissection and removal seemed to be easier in skull-base operated patients. However, operations take longer and surgical complications such as cerebrospinal fluid leak and hearing loss were increased. Radical tumor removal could be achieved in an equal percentage of cases of both groups (77% vs. 83%). The early postoperative course was more favorable in group B patients. However, late permanent morbidity appeared to be similar in the two groups of patients. CONCLUSIONS: Skull base approaches facilitate tumor dissection and removal at the expense of increased surgical complications. However, the widened surgical field and increased angle of approach that the techniques of skull base surgery may offer can play a significant role in the removal of sizeable, infiltrative, and/or recurrent petroclival meningiomas

Synthesis, Crystal Structures of S- and N- Benzyl Derivatives Of 5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-thione

Benzylation reaction is carried out 5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-thione with benzyl chloride in acetone and HMPA. In the acetone was obtained exclusively S-benzyl derivative and in the case of HMPA - isomeric mixture of S- and N-benzyl derivatives were obtained, individually isolated, characterized, and their structure was proved by spectral methods. By slow evaporation of solvents at room temperature were obtained two polymorphic crystals of 5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-thione from acetone 1 and ethanol 2. Crystals of 2-benzylthio-5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole 3 and 3-benzyl-5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-thione 4 obtained in similar conditions have structures without the inclusion of solvent molecules

Ontogenetic structure of cenopopulations of Allium pskemense (Amaryllidaceae) in Uzbekistan

Many plants of the Allium genus are economically valuable as vegetables. For example, Asian countries are the largest producers of Allium pskemense B. Fedtsch. Ontogenetic spectrum – a sensitive population indicator of changes in the environment – has been noted as useful in recording the age condition of plants. The study focused on the ontogenetic structure of five cenopopulations of A. pskemense, revealing that the examined cenopopulations growing in different ecological-coenotic environmental conditions are normal, and mainly incomplete, i.e. do not include all age groups. Their ontogenetic spectrum was left-sided, and only the coenotic populations 2, 4, 5 coincided with the characteristic spectrum. Depending on ecological-phytocoenotic living conditions, density of individuals in the studied communities ranged 1.75 to 4.50 ind./m2, whereas the ecological density was within 2.00 to 5.29 ind./m2. The research determined that the ontogenetic spectrum shifted to the centered type temporarily due to the uneven processes of the development. Similarities of biological features (long mature generative condition, prevalence of mode of reproduction by seeds, low viability of young individuals) of individuals of this species in various locations, type of cenopopulation, characteristic actual ontogenetic spectra indicate stable conditions for the studied CPs in forbs-Ziziphora-shrub (cenopopulation 5) communities in Uzbekistan

Synthesis and analgesic activity evaluation of derivatives of 2-[(1,4-dioxo-1-amino-4-arylbutyl-2-en-2-yl)amino]-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[b]thiophene-3-carboxylic acid

Received: 01.11.2021. Revised: 19.11.2021. Accepted: 19.11.2021. Available online: 22.11.2021.The synthesis of new derivatives of 2-[(1,4-dioxo-1-amino-4-arylbutyl-2-en-2-yl)amino]-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[b]thiophene-3-carboxylic acid is described. Starting 2-{[5-aryl-2-oxofuran-3(2H)-ylidene]amino}thiophene-3-carboxylic acids were obtained by intramolecular cyclisation of substituted 4-aryl-4-oxo-2-thienylaminobut-2-enoic acids in acetic anhydride. New derivatives of 2-[(1,4-dioxo-1-amino-4-arylbutyl-2-en-2-yl)amino]-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[b]thiophene-3-carboxylic acids were obtained via decyclization reaction of 2-{[5-aryl-2-oxofuran-3(2H)-ylidene]amino}thiophene-3-carboxylic acids. The structure of the compounds obtained was confirmed by the 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, IR spectrometry and elemental analysis methods. Analgesic activity of new compounds has been studied by the “hot plate” method on outbred white mice of both sexes with intraperitoneal injection. It was found that derivatives of 2-[(1,4-dioxo-1-amino-4-arylbutyl-2-en-2-yl)amino]-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[b]thiophene-3-carboxylic acid possess analgesic effect exceeding the effect of the comparison drug metamizole.The research was supported by the Perm Research and Education Centre for Rational Use of Subsoil, 2021

The results of open surgical treatment of bilateral staghorn and multiple nephrolithiasis

Aim. To determine the status and to increase the effectiveness of open surgical treatment of bilateral staghorn nephrolithiasis. Methods. We studied the results of surgical treatment of 250 patients who underwent open surgery for severe forms of bilateral staghorn nephrolithiasis. The patients were divided into four groups according to the features of changes in both kidneys and ureters - group 1 included 125 (50.0%) patients with bilateral staghorn nephrolithiasis, group 2 - 35 (14.0%) patients with staghorn nephrolithiasis of solitary or the only functioning kidney, 70 (28.0%) patients with unilateral staghorn nephrolithiasis and solitary or multiple kidney or ureter stones on the other side were included into group 3, and group 4 inlcuded 20 (8.0%) patients with unilateral staghorn nephrolithiasis and nonobstructive hydronephrosis and other diseases on the other side. The age of patients ranged from 7 to 76 years old, ranging among children from 7 to 18 years (average age 12.1±0.4 years) and among adults from 19 to 76 years (average age 46.4±0.6 years). Among patients, 121 (48.4%) were males and 129 (51.6%) were females. Results. Surgical tactics and the results of performed surgeries in certain groups were studied. Overall, 127 (50.8±3.8%) of 250 patients underwent surgery on the right kidney, and 123 (49.2±3.2%) - on the left kidney. To achieve minimal blood loss during the surgery, in 20% of cases renal artery was clamped. To protect kidneys from ischemia, 3 mg/kg of furosemide, 0.2 mg/kg of verapamil and 1 mg/kg of methylethylpiridinol were used before and after clamping of the renal artery. Open surgical treatment of 250 patients with bilateral staghorn nephrolithiasis was successful in 246 (98.4±0.8%) patients. In case of residual stones, extracorporeal or ureterorenoscopic shock wave lithotripsy was performed. Conclusion. Despite the wide application of modern endoscopic methods of therapy in the treatment of this group of patients, in complex forms of staghorn nephrolithiasis open surgery is more effective

Determination of 3D Trajectories of Knots in Solar Prominences Using MSDP Data

In this paper we present a new method of restoration of the true thee-dimensional trajectories of the prominence knots based on ground-based observations taken with a single telescope, which is equipped with a Multi-Channel Subtractive Double Pass imaging spectrograph. Our method allows to evaluate true three-dimensional trajectories of the prominence knots without any assumptions concerning the shape of the trajectories or dynamics of the motion. The reconstructed trajectories of several knots observed in three prominences are presented.Comment: 14 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in Solar Physic

Comparative analysis of the quality indicators of bread made of composite flour using ozonated water

According to the First President of Kazakhstan, it is important to exclude any possibility of food shortages. In this regard, the primary task of the population is to create innovative technologies for the successful promotion and avoidance of food shortages. Bread is one of the most important food products in Kazakhstan. Consequently, the main task of the population of the bakery industry today is the creation of innovative technologies for functional food products. The article presents the results of an organoleptic study of the bread of innovative preparation using composite flour and ozonated water. To create a scientific basis in the production of bread "Composon", a study of organoleptic indicators was conducted. The quality of bread was assessed for compliance with the requirements of regulatory documents. The use of ion-ozone technology makes it possible to reduce environmental pollution, increase the nutritional value of bakery products, as well as reduce material and energy resources. As a result of the study, it was found that the use of ionized water with composite flour affects the improvement of organoleptic indicators of product quality: the color is more uniform, the taste and smell are pronounced and fragrant, the shape of the product is rounded, the texture of the crumb with uniform porosity. Wheat bread, which was made from composite flour and using ozonated water according to the studied technology, retains the freshness of the crumb for 48 hours, has a lower possibility of infection with potato disease, and is also characterized by good organoleptic characteristics

Synthesis, recyclization under the action of methanol and analgetic activity of N'-(5-aryl-2-oxofuran-3(2H)-ylidene)furan-2-carbohydrazides

New methyl 5-aryl-1-(furan-2-carbonyl)-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylates were obtained via decyclization reaction of N'-(5-aryl-2-oxofuran-3(2H)-ylidene)furan-2-carbohydrazides under the action of methanol. Starting N'-(5-aryl-2-oxofuran-3(2H)-ylidene)furan-2-carbohydrazides were obtained by intramolecular cyclization of substituted 4-aryl-2-[2-(furan-2-ylcarbonyl)hydrazinylidene]-4-oxobutanoic acids in propionic anhydride. The structure of the compounds obtained was confirmed by the 1H NMR spectroscopy, IR spectrometry and elemental analysis methods. Analgesic activity of some obtained compounds was studied by the “hot plate” method on outbred white mice of both sexes with intraperitoneal injection

Clinical features and results of treatment of patients with coronavirus infection complicated by interstitial pneumonia, as well as with concurrent diseases in the Fergana Region of the Republic of Uzbekistan

To analyze the clinical features and treatment results, as well as concomitant diseases in patients with coronavirus infection complicated by interstitial pneumonia in the Fergana region of the Republic of Uzbekistan