Study of Stress and Deformation by Mono Composite Leaf Spring

The purpose of this project work is to estimate the deflection and stress on the basis of Load changes as well as Young’s Modulus in Mono Composite Leaf Spring by computer analysis. The emphasis in this project is given on the effect of Young’s Modulus on deflection and stress produced in Leaf Spring and all the process will be done by  the application of computer aided analysis using finite element concept. The component chosen for analysis is a leaf spring which is an automotive component used to absorb vibrations. Under operating conditions, the behavior of the leaf spring is complicated due to its clamping effects and interleaf contact; hence its analysis is necessary to pre-predict the displacement, and stresses. Although many projects have been made earlier regarding the concept of stress and deflection on leaf spring on the basis of load, but the new thing on these project is the estimation of leaf spring on the basis of Young’s Modulus which makes these project unique because such project has not been made yet. Another thing that makes it differ is the use of CATIA software not only for modeling the Leaf Spring but also for the whole analysis. So all the process and analysis is based on the results obtained in CATIA software under given specified conditions

Persistent Mullerian Duct Syndrome with Transverse Testicular Ectopia Rare Presentation of Inguinal Hernia

No Abstrac

Repurposing of Anti-Malarial Drug Quinacrine for Cancer Treatment: A Review

Quinacrine (QC), a synthetic drug belonging to the 9-aminoacridine family, has been used extensively to treat malaria and multiple ailments over the past several decades. Following its discovery in the 1920s and extensive use for the treatment of malaria for nearly two decades, numerous studies have explored its antineoplastic potential in both preclinical and clinical settings. Multiple studies spanning over seven decades have examined a wide range of QC anticancer activities across various types of cancers, along with the underlying mechanisms. Many of these mechanisms, including activation of the p53 signaling cascade and simultaneous NF-κB signaling inhibition, have been reported in various studies, bringing QC to a unique polypharmacological category drug possessing the potential to treat a wide variety of diseases, including cancer. This article summarizes most of the research conducted over several decades to uncover new molecular mechanisms activated or inactivated and directly correlate with antineoplastic activity QC

Polarographic Determination of Ni(II), Zn(II) & Mn(II) with Sodium Crotonate

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Comparative Pharmacognostical Evaluation and HPTLC Analysis of Stem Bark of Kanchnar (Bauhinia Variegata Linn.) and Kovidar (Bauhinia Purpurea Linn.)

The current study was carried out to provide comparative macroscopy, microscopy, physicochemical parameters and HPTLC analysis of stem bark of Kanchnar (Bauhinia variegata L.) and Kovidar (Bauhinia purpurea L.) T.S. of stem bark of Bauhinia variegata L. shows a wide stratified cork have thin-walled yellow brown cells followed by brown colored cells; inner cork layer has transversely elongated orange brown cells. T.S. of Bauhinia purpurea L of shows presence of few layers of cork, Outer layers contains reddish brown content and inner layers are colourless. Its cortex is composed of 10 to 12 layers of parenchyma cell. Total Ash value found in sample of Kanchnar was 5.67% and in Kovidar was 15.2%. The Alcohol soluble extractive value of Kanchnar was found 29.8 % and of Kovidar was found 4.8%. Water soluble extractive value in sample of Kanchnar was found 20.68% and in Kovidar it was found 13.83%. Reference marker betasitosterol and lupeol was applied on a pre-coated silica gel GF254 plate of uniform thickness (0.2mm). The mobile phase consisting Toluene: Ethyl acetate: formic acid (9:1:0.1). Presence of marker betasitosterol and lupeol in sample of Bauhinia variegata L. were 85.19µg/ml and146.4µg/ml respectively. Presence of marker betasitosterol and lupeol in sample of Bauhinia purpurea L. were 244.6µg/ml and 305µg/ml respectively

Sensitivity of littleseed canary grass populations from Punjab, India, to clodinafop‐propargyl and isoproturon

Abstract Littleseed canary grass (Phalaris minor Retz.) is one of the most prevalent and troublesome annual grass weed species in wheat across the Indo‐Gangetic plains (IGP) of India, including Punjab. Littleseed canary grass has evolved resistance to different herbicide sites of action in the IGP region. A targeted field survey was conducted in 2018 and 2019 for seed collection of littleseed canary grass populations (total 94) across different districts of Punjab state prior to wheat harvest. The main objective of this research was to characterize the sensitivity response of collected littleseed canary grass populations to clodinafop‐propargyl (CP) and isoproturon (IPU) herbicides in whole‐plant dose‐response assays. Among all tested populations, 68 were found to be highly sensitive to CP, whereas all 94 populations were sensitive to IPU. Based on a 50% reduction in shoot dry biomass (GR50 values) and estimated sensitivity index (SI), 26 populations exhibited reduced sensitivity (SI of 2.2–4.4) to CP herbicide. The results also revealed that the littleseed canary grass populations with reduced sensitivity (SI ≥ 2.2) to CP had high sensitivity to IPU herbicide. Overall, these results suggested a high prevalence of littleseed canary grass populations with reduced sensitivity to CP herbicide in Punjab state. Diversified weed management strategies, including the use of alternative herbicides (both preemergence and postemergence), cultural (no‐till drill for wheat sowing and narrow row spacing), and mechanical (cutting of littleseed canary grass panicles prior to wheat harvest) practices should be adopted to control littleseed canary grass populations with reduced sensitivity to CP

Mild cognitive impairment in young type 1 diabetes mellitus patients and correlation with diabetes control, lipid profile, and high-sensitivity c-reactive protein

Background: It has been an established fact that diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with lower levels of cognitive function and may be a risk factor for the development of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. Most of these studies involved elderly diabetes patients and aging itself may contribute to cognitive impairment. Since a majority of the individuals with DM are between the ages of 40 and 59 years, it is crucial to determine the factors that contribute to cognitive impairment in these patients. So this study was done to correlate the various physical and metabolic parameters with MCI in young individuals with type 1 DM. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 126 patients with type 1 DM underwent cognitive assessment by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment test and their cognitive levels were correlated with their HbA1c, lipid profile, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). Results: The prevalence of MCI was 71.42%. MCI was significantly correlated with HbA1c, serum triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein, and hs-CRP levels. The factors that were statistically insignificant were the duration of diabetes, body mass index, and high-density lipoprotein levels. Conclusion: Cognitive impairment is seen even in type 1 DM patients. It should be considered along with the other complications of DM

A Review on Advances in Agriculture and Agroforestry with GPS and GIS

Various researchers, agronomists, scientists, and engineers utilize a variety of technologies every year to boost agricultural productivity at a low cost, but this has a negative influence on the environment. Precision agriculture is the study of the use of technology to enhance agricultural operations in comparison to conventional agricultural methods and lessen negative environmental impacts. Precision agriculture depends heavily on remote sensing technology, and this technology's use in precision agriculture opens up new possibilities for raising agricultural standards. The global positioning system (GPS) enables the geographic Latitude and Longitude data of field data (slope, aspect, nutrients, and yield). Since it has the ability to continuously determine and record the right position, it can build a bigger database for the user. A geographic information system (GIS) that can handle and store these data is needed for further investigation. Despite agroforestry's limited spatial extent, isolation, and higher functional and structural complexity, recent advancements in geospatial technologies, as well as the free accessibility of spatial information and software, can provide additional insight into assessing tools, making the decisions, and developing policies. This review has covered the current uses of geospatial technology, along with their restrictions and limits, as well as prospective future uses for agroforestry. This review discusses GPS, GIS, and remote sensing technology and explains how they might be used in precision agriculture and agroforestry

Young’s Modulus of Elasticity Effect on Principal Stress

The purpose of this project work is to estimate the effect on Principal Stress through Load and Young Modolus of Elasticity. The component chosen for analysis is a leaf spring which is an automotive component used to absorb vibrations induced during the motion of vehicle. It also acts as a structure to support vertical loading due to the weight of the vehicle and payload. Under operating conditions, the behavior of the leaf spring is complicated due to its clamping effects and interleaf contact; hence its analysis is essential to predict the displacement, and stresses