The Drosophila melanogaster Genetic Reference Panel

A major challenge of biology is understanding the relationship between molecular genetic variation and variation in quantitative traits, including fitness. This relationship determines our ability to predict phenotypes from genotypes and to understand how evolutionary forces shape variation within and between species. Previous efforts to dissect the genotype-phenotype map were based on incomplete genotypic information. Here, we describe the Drosophila melanogaster Genetic Reference Panel (DGRP), a community resource for analysis of population genomics and quantitative traits. The DGRP consists of fully sequenced inbred lines derived from a natural population. Population genomic analyses reveal reduced polymorphism in centromeric autosomal regions and the X chromosome, evidence for positive and negative selection, and rapid evolution of the X chromosome. Many variants in novel genes, most at low frequency, are associated with quantitative traits and explain a large fraction of the phenotypic variance. The DGRP facilitates genotype-phenotype mapping using the power of Drosophila genetics

The Drosophila melanogaster Genetic Reference Panel

A major challenge of biology is understanding the relationship between molecular genetic variation and variation in quantitative traits, including fitness. This relationship determines our ability to predict phenotypes from genotypes and to understand how evolutionary forces shape variation within and between species. Previous efforts to dissect the genotype–phenotype map were based on incomplete genotypic information. Here, we describe the Drosophila melanogaster Genetic Reference Panel (DGRP), a community resource for analysis of population genomics and quantitative traits. The DGRP consists of fully sequenced inbred lines derived from a natural population. Population genomic analyses reveal reduced polymorphism in centromeric autosomal regions and the X chromosome, evidence for positive and negative selection, and rapid evolution of the X chromosome. Many variants in novel genes, most at low frequency, are associated with quantitative traits and explain a large fraction of the phenotypic variance. The DGRP facilitates genotype–phenotype mapping using the power of Drosophila genetics

On The Kinematics Of H Ii Regions: Yesterday, Today, And Tomorrow

The study of the kinematics and dynamics of H II regions provides us with clues about the physical conditions of the gas, the interpretation of their emission spectra, and the exchange of mechanical energy between the ionizing stars and the ionized gas. We discuss in our presentation the past, present and future research in this field. We briefly review the theoretical and observational advances performed during the last decades, including the study of the e#ects of the environment in the kinematics, the champagne model, the supersonic motions observed in Giant Extragalactic H II Regions, and the e#ects of turbulence and virialization of the gas. Then, we discuss in detail how Fabry-Perot observations, both at single regions and sampling complete galaxies, could lead us to a better understanding of the physical state of the gas

RevMexAA (Serie de Conferencias), 12, 236-237 (2002)

The study of the kinematics and dynamics of H II regions provides us with clues about the physical conditions of the gas, the interpretation of their emission spectra, and the exchange of mechanical energy between the ionizing stars and the ionized gas. We discuss in our presentation the past, present and future research in this eld. We briey review the theoretical and observational advances performed during the last decades, including the study of the eects of the environment in the kinematics, the champagne model, the supersonic motions observed in Giant Extragalactic H II Regions, and the eects of turbulence and virialization of the gas. Then, we discuss in detail how Fabry-Perot observations, both at single regions and sampling complete galaxies, could lead us to a better understanding of the physical state of the gas

Ashes in the air : the effects of volcanic ash emissions on plant-pollinator relationship and possible consequences for apiculture

El rendimiento de forrajeo de los polinizadores podría ser alterado por las flores de cenizas volcánicas contaminados, polen y néctar. Se utilizó la abeja melífera (Apis mellifera) como organismo modelo para comprender los efectos que la ceniza volcánica podría tener sobre la apicultura y establecer algunos de los mecanismos mediante los cuales se podía afectar a las interacciones planta-polinizador. Se investigaron tres mecanismos: (1) la interferencia con los recursos ubicación, (2) interferencia con el consumo de recursos, y (3) la perturbación procesos digestivos. Los resultados indican que las relaciones planta-polinizador podrían ser alterados por las cenizas volcánicas.Pollinator foraging performance could be altered by volcanic ash contaminated flowers, pollen, and nectar. We used the honeybee (Apis mellifera) as a model organism to understand the effects that volcanic ash could have on apiculture and establish some of the mechanisms through which it could affect plant–pollinator interactions. Three mechanisms were investigated: (1) interference with resource location, (2) interference with resource consumption, and (3) disturbing digestive processes. Results indicate that plant–pollinator relationships could be altered by volcanic ash. On the one hand, honeybees seem to recognize flowers covered in ashes only after an adaptation period (i.e., learning). On the other hand, there is no avoidance mechanism to prevent ingestion of contaminated food that ultimately reduces survival. Apiculture could be negatively affected due to this natural disturbance and plant–pollinating relationships could be especially vulnerable to ash emissions due to the high exposure of pollen and nectar bearing structures susceptible to contamination. Additionally, nectar feeders gut morphology (i.e., convoluted, thin with no resistance to abrasion) enables ash particles in contaminated food to obstruct and lacerate the gut increasing mortality risk.EEA BarilocheFil: Martinez Von Ellrich, Andres. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Grupo de Ecología de Poblaciones de Insectos; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Masciocchi, Maite. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Grupo de Ecología de Poblaciones de Insectos; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Villacide, Jose Maria. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Grupo de Ecología de Poblaciones de Insectos; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Daneri, Luis. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: Huerta, Guillermo Jose. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: Bruckhausen, Axel. Instituto Balseiro Centro Atómico Bariloche. Grupo de Fotónica y Optoelectrónica; ArgentinaFil: Rozas, Guillermo. Instituto Balseiro Centro Atómico Bariloche. Grupo de Fotónica y Optoelectrónica; ArgentinaFil: Corley, Juan Carlos. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Grupo de Ecología de Poblaciones de Insectos; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin