Production of high protein quality noodles using wheat flour fortified with different protein products from lupine

AbstractPhysicochemical, cooking quality and sensory characteristics of noodles fortified by whole lupine meal (WLM) and defatted lupine meal (DLM) as different protein products were evaluated. Optimum cooking time significantly decreased with increasing the replacement levels. The prepared noodles contained 10% WLM or DLM had swelling indices similar to that in the control sample. The higher cooking yield was observed in prepared noodles using 20% WLM or DLM. The cooking loss was improved when using DLM with significant (p<0.05) lower values at all replacement levels than that in control sample. Used the WLM and DLM at levels 5% and 10%, respectively gave low nitrogen loss values. Calculated protein efficiency ratio, proportion of essential amino acid to the total amino acids, essential amino acid index, biological value, chemical score and limiting amino acid were improved. The received scores from sensory evaluation showed that WLM or DLM noodles at levels 5–10% or 5–20%, respectively had higher flavor and overall acceptability values with non-significant (p>0.05) differences compared to the control sample

Toxic effects of four biopesticides (Mycotal, Vertalec, Vertemic and Neem Azal-T/S) on Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) and Aphis gossypii (Glover) on cucumber and tomato plants in greenhouses in Egypt

Laboratory bioassays and field trials were performed to evaluate and compare the efficacy of 4 biopesticides, Mycotal, Vertalec, Vertemic and NeemAzal-T/S, against Bemisia tabaci (immature stages and adults) and Aphis gossypii on cucumber and tomato plants in greenhouses in Egypt. All these biopesticides reduced significantly whitefly and aphid populations. In laboratory bioassays Vertemic caused the highest toxic effect against whitefly and aphid, while in field experiments good results were obtained with all the compounds especially at high concentrations. The higher the concentration of these products the more severe was the effect. The data of this study suggest that these biopesticides are really useful alternative products to be used in IPM of tomato and cucumber crops. Key words: whitefly, aphid, Verticillium lecanii, Abamectin, Azadirachtin. TOSSICITÀ DI QUATTRO BIOINSETTICIDI (MYCOTAL, VERTALEC, VERTEMIC E NEEM AZAL-T/S) SU BEMISIA TABACI (GENNADIUS) E APHIS GOSSYPII (GLOVER) IN COLTURE PROTETTE DI ZUCCHINO E POMODORO IN EGITTO Effetti tossici di 4 biopesticidi, Mycotal, Vertalec, Vertemic e Neem Azal–T/S su Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) e Aphis gossypii (Glover) in coltivazioni sotto serra di cetriolo e pomodoro in Egitto. In questo studio sono stati effettuati esperimenti di laboratorio e di campo per valutare l’efficacia di 4 bioinsetticidi, Mycotal, Vertalec, Vertemic e NeemAzal-T/S9, nei confronti di Bemisia tabaci (stadi giovanili e adulti) e Aphis gossypii su coltivazioni in serra di cetriolo e pomodoro in Egitto. Tutti i prodotti testati hanno avuto un effetto tossico su B. tabaci e Aphis gossypii riducendone le popolazioni in maniera significativa. Nei biosaggi di laboratorio il Vertimec ha evidenziato l’effetto tossico maggiore, mentre negli esperimenti di campo sono stati ottenuti buoni risultati (% di mortalità) da tutti i prodotti, soprattutto quando utilizzati alle dosi più elevate. Più alte le concentrazioni delle sospensioni bioinsetticide, maggiore l’effetto tossico ottenuto. Questi dati mostrano l’efficacia di questi prodotti e confermano il loro potenziale utilizzo nelle strategie di controllo integrato delle coltivazione di cetriolo e pomodoro in serra. Parole chiave: aleirodidi, afidi, Verticillium lecanii, Abamectina, Azadiractina

Study the development of touristic demand in Syria

سوريا مهد الحضارات وأم الأبجدية، تمتلك مواقع أثرية وإمكانات تجعلها قبلة السائحين، ومع تطور الصناعة السياحية وتزايد فاعليتها في تنشيط الاقتصاد الوطني، لم تعد هذه الصناعة مجالاً لتجارب الخطأ والصواب، بل عملاً علميا ًواعياً يهدف إلى تحقيق الاستثمار الأمثل للإمكانات المتاحة بما يتوافق مع خطط التنمية. هذا البحث يلقي نظرة تحليلية لواقع الطلب السياحي في سوريا ، من خلال إبراز الواقع الحالي والتنبؤ بالطلب المستقبلي والمساهمة في رسم السياسات المتعلقة بقرارات الاستثمار عن طريق دراسة تطور الطلب أعداد القادمين والسياح(النزلاء) والليالي السياحية والتغيرات الطارئة عليها. Syria is the center of civilization and the mother of the alphabet. The archeological and touristic sites attract tourists .With the development of touristic industry and increasing its role in active national economy, touristic industry is not area trial and error, but the conscious scientific job for achieving optimum investment of the available sources associated with  development plans. This article is an analytical study of the touristic demand in Syria, for activating the touristic movement through the current situation and forecasting the demand and contribution to the related policies through the study of the number of tourists, and touristic nights and their casual changes

Immunohistochemical Expression of Estrogen Receptor Beta in Urothelial Carcinoma of the Urinary Bladder

Background: The tenth most prevalent cancer type in the world is bladder cancer. Males are four times more likely than females to have it. The most prevalent subtype is urothelial carcinoma. Development and progression of bladder cancer are influenced by estrogen receptors. Objectives: To examine the expression of estrogen receptor beta in bladder urothelial carcinoma and how it relates to other pathological factors of prognostic significance. Materials and method: Fifty formalin fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue sections of cases of urothelial carcinoma from transurethral resection and radical cystectomy specimens were examined histopathologically by routine H&E stain and immunohistochemically stained with Anti-ER-beta antibody. The immunohistochemical expression of estrogen receptor beta was assessed. Results: Of the 50 cases of urothelial carcinoma, mean age 60 ±8.7 range (41-85) years, 34 male and 16 female, estrogen receptor beta was expressed in 29 (58%) of the cases. The expression of ERβ was significantly elevated in high grade (p value 0.006). The ERβ expression was also significantly increased in advanced tumor stages (p value 0.03) and in muscle invasive tumor (p value 0.004). The presence of lymphovascular emboli was associated with higher ERβexpression. Conclusion: ERβ expression is significantly associated with high grade and with advanced stages of urothelial carcinoma

Microwave Crystallization of Lithium Aluminum Germanium Phosphate Solid-State Electrolyte

Lithium aluminum germanium phosphate (LAGP) glass-ceramics are considered as promising solid-state electrolytes for Li-ion batteries. LAGP glass was prepared via the regular conventional melt-quenching method. Thermal, chemical analyses and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were performed to characterize the prepared glass. The crystallization of the prepared LAGP glass was done using conventional heating and high frequency microwave (MW) processing. Thirty GHz microwave (MW) processing setup were used to convert the prepared LAGP glass into glass-ceramics and compared with the conventionally crystallized LAGP glass-ceramics that were heat-treated in an electric conventional furnace. The ionic conductivities of the LAGP samples obtained from the two different routes were measured using impedance spectroscopy. These samples were also characterized using XRD and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Microwave processing was successfully used to crystallize LAGP glass into glass-ceramic without the aid of susceptors. The MW treated sample showed higher total, grains and grain boundary ionic conductivities values, lower activation energy and relatively larger-grained microstructure with less porosity compared to the corresponding conventionally treated sample at the same optimized heat-treatment conditions. The enhanced total, grains and grain boundary ionic conductivities values along with the reduced activation energy that were observed in the MW treated sample was considered as an experimental evidence for the existence of the microwave effect in LAGP crystallization process. MW processing is a promising candidate technology for the production of solid-state electrolytes for Li-ion battery

First molecular analysis of rabies virus in Qatar and clinical cases imported into Qatar, a case report

Identifying the origin of the rabies virus (RABV) infection may have significant implications for control measures. Here, we identified the source of a RABV infection of two Nepalese migrants in Qatar by comparing their RABV genomes with RABV genomes isolated from the brains of a RABV infected camel and fox from Qatar

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors improve long-term outcome of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for adult patients with philadelphia chromosome positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia

This study aimed to determine the impact of tyrosine kinase inhibitors given pre- and post-allogeneic stem cell transplantation on long-term outcome of patients allografted for Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia. This retrospective analysis from the EBMT Acute Leukemia Working Party included 473 de novoPhiladelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients in first complete remission who underwent an allogeneic stem cell transplantation using a human leukocyte antigen-identical sibling or human leukocyte antigen-matched unrelated donor between 2000 and 2010. Three hundred and ninety patients received tyrosine kinase inhibitors before transplant, 329 at induction and 274 at consolidation. Kaplan-Meier estimates of leukemia-free survival, overall survival, cumulative incidences of relapse incidence, and non-relapse mortality at five years were 38%, 46%, 36% and 26%, respectively. In multivariate analysis, tyrosine-kinase inhibitors given before allogeneic stem cell transplantation was associated with a better overall survival (HR=0.68; P=0.04) and was associated with lower relapse incidence (HR=0.5;P=0.01). In the post-transplant period, multivariate analysis identified prophylactic tyrosine-kinase inhibitor administration to be a significant factor for improved leukemia-free survival (HR=0.44; P=0.002) and overall survival (HR=0.42; P=0.004), and a lower relapse incidence (HR=0.40; P=0.01). Over the past decade, administration of tyrosine kinase inhibitors before allogeneic stem cell transplantation has significantly improved the long-term allogeneic stem cell trans

Flow boiling in microchannels: Fundamentals and applications

The rapid advances in performance and miniaturization of electronics and high power devices resulted in huge heat flux values that need to be dissipated effectively. The average heat flux in computer chips is expected to reach 2–4.5 MW/m2 with local hot spots 12–45 MW/m2 while in IGBT modules, the heat flux at the chip level can reach 6.5–50 MW/m2. Flow boiling in microchannels is one of the most promising cooling methods for these and similar devices due to the capability of achieving very high heat transfer rates with small variations in the surface temperature. However, several fundamental issues are still not understood and this hinders the transition from laboratory research to commercial applications. The present paper starts with a discussion of the possible applications of flow boiling in microchannels in order to highlight the challenges in the thermal management for each application. In this part, the different integrated systems using microchannels were also compared. The comparison demonstrated that miniature cooling systems with a liquid pump were found to be more efficient than miniature vapour compression refrigeration systems. The paper then presents experimental research on flow boiling in single tubes and rectangular multichannels to discuss the following fundamental issues: (1) the definition of microchannel, (2) flow patterns and heat transfer mechanisms, (3) flow instability and reversal and their effect on heat transfer rates, (4) effect of channel surface characteristics and (5) prediction of critical heat flux. Areas where more research is needed were clearly mentioned. In addition, correlations for the prediction of the flow pattern transition boundaries and heat transfer coefficients in small to mini/micro diameter tubes were developed recently by the authors and presented in this paper