Cost-Efficient Storage for On-Demand Video Streaming on Cloud

Video stream is converted to several formats to support the user's device, this conversion process is called video transcoding, which imposes high storage and powerful resources. With emerging of cloud technology, video stream companies adopted to process video on the cloud. Generally, many formats of the same video are made (pre-transcoded) and streamed to the adequate user's device. However, pre-transcoding demands huge storage space and incurs a high-cost to the video stream companies. More importantly, the pre-transcoding of video streams could be hierarchy carried out through different storage types in the cloud. To minimize the storage cost, in this paper, we propose a method to store video streams in the hierarchical storage of the cloud. Particularly, we develop a method to decide which video stream should be pre-transcoded in its suitable cloud storage to minimize the overall cost. Experimental simulation and results show the effectiveness of our approach, specifically, when the percentage of frequently accessed videos is high in repositories, the proposed approach minimizes the overall cost by up to 40 percent.Comment: International IEEE World Forum for Internet of Thing

Wheel speed distribution control and its effect on vehicle handling

The current work aims at bridging the gap between the current vehicle handling characteristics and the future demands of higher vehicle handling performance, required to guarantee higher safety and facilitate the application of autonomous driving, platooning and automated highways systems. For this task a state 'of the art vehicle chassis control system known as "Wheel Speed Distribution Control" (WSDC) has been proposed. WSDC in principle relies on controlling the vehicle driven wheel speeds to enforce better vehicle handling performance. The WSDC system capacity has been investigated using numerical simulation. Tberefore, an innovative vehicle handling simulation model has been developed from first principles. It employs the Magic Formula (MF) tyre model for combined slip, has 23 degrees of freedom and includes more than 60 vehicle handling parameters. The vehicle handling model has been developed using the novel Cartesian Geometric Translation (CGf) technique which employs geometry, trigonometry, Cartesian coordinates and finite difference approximation in the time domain to facilitate development of high speed models. The model has been built using the BASIC'O programming code in the DOS'O environment and optimised to meet the novel Model Predictive Control (MPC) based feedforward WSDC yaw rate controller requirements, such as small code size (less than 35 kb) and processing speed faster than real time. The simulation results validated the WSDC principles as it showed the capacity of WSDC to enforce the desired yaw rates, with acceptable driven wheel longitudinal forces. To put WSDC into practice,an original hardware" Wheel Speed Distribution Differential" (WSDD) design has been developed and optimised for lower speed, torque, power,production and maintenance requirements.It has the capacity to precisely differentiate the driven wheels speed under the influence of a DC motor with relatively small power requirements. It has linear speed and torque characteristics which facilitate its control. It also has been developed to allow many beneficial differential modes. The simulation results of the whole WSDC system have clearly demonstrated that it can in fact achieve its development target of feasibly enhancing vehicle handling performance.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

The Effect of Developmentally Supportive Care Training Program on Nurses' Performance and Behavioral Responses of Newborn Infants

Developmental care is a strategy used in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) to help reduce the amount of stress that a newborn infant is exposed to. Developmental care helps NICUs to be more "baby friendly”. The aim of the current study was to examine the effect of developmentally supportive care training program on nurses' performance during tub bath provided for neonates in NICU, and to explore the effect of developmentally supportive care training program on behavioral responses of newborn infants during tub bath in NICU. The study adopts a quasi-experimental research design.  The study was conducted in the NICU at Benha Specialized Pediatric Hospital. The data were collected using structured interview sheet, newborn assessment sheet, Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale developed by Brazleton and Nugent (1973) and an observational checklist to evaluate the nurses’ performance during tub bath. Apparently, the study results evident that there was highly statistically significance differences between the means of the total scores of nurses’ performance regarding tub bath for newborn infants before and after application of developmentally supportive care program (DSC). Moreover, the means of NBAS items were all significantly improved among newborn infants and they exhibited less stress and greater comfort during tub bath after application of DSC program. The study recommended that collaboration and continuing education of the staff in the NICU are vital to improve the quality of care provided for newborn infants. Keywords: Developmentally supportive care-Nurses’ performance- Behavioral responses of neonate

The effect of applying exogenous salicylic acid on aphid infection and its influence on histo-physiological traits and thermal imaging of canola

Insect damage in canola adversely affects its productivity and quality and is considered one of the most important degrading factors in Egypt. The effect of foliar application of salicylic acid (SA) on aphid populations, growth and yield of canola (Brassica napus, L.) cv. serw 4 was the major goal of this study. Two experiments were conducted at the farm of Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt, during 2014 and 2015 seasons, to achieve this target. Each experiment included four levels of SA (0, 50, 100, 200 mg l-1). The experimental results revealed that SA, at low concentration (50 mg l-1), was an effective treatment for reduction the number of aphid populations and colony depth on the main inflorescence, contributed with reducing the thickness of secretory tissue of flower pedicel. The level of 50 mg l-1 of SA-treated canola had the highest number of stomata cm-2, along with the lowest width of both stoma and its aperture. Thickness of xylem tissue and the number of xylem vessels bundle-1 in leaf midrib, reducing sugars and free amino acids was increased at 50 mg l-1 SA, but free phenolics content did not affected significantly. Under controlled conditions, changes in temperature of infected leaves allowed the discrimination between healthy and infected areas in thermo-image, even before visible symptoms of aphid infestation appeared. The detection of modifications in plants or canopies, associated with low insect severity in the early stages of infestation, was crucial for the targeted, site-specific or on demand application of integrated aphid control. Canola, which was treated with 50 mg l-1 of SA, gave 30.5 and 27.9 kg of oil ha-1 over the control. It was concluded that spraying of SA at 50 mg l-1 was an effective elicitor to diminish the aphid numbers on canola inflorescence and improve its yield

Clinical pattern of pediatric ocular trauma in a tertiary referral center

Background: Pediatric ocular trauma may be a major source of lifelong visual morbidity and disability. Objective: To report on the different types of ocular injury in children in a tertiary referral center. Participants and settings: Children presenting with ocular trauma to the casualty department of the pediatric ophthalmology unit of Alexandria Main University Hospital in Alexandria, Egypt. Methods: The study was conducted from June to December 2018. Upon admission, thorough history was obtained from the attending person(s), and thorough ophthalmic examination was performed. Appropriate treatment was subsequently provided to every case (though not the scope of the current study). Results: A total of 146 children (from a total of 436 patients, 33.5%) (103 males, 70.5%) presented with various types of ocular injuries. The mean age ± standard deviation of the injured children was 98.1 ± 56.4 months. Study participants were almost equally distributed between within and outside of the city of the study locale, with a predominance of patients from urban areas in Alexandria (30%) and from rural areas outside of Alexandria (35.6%). Seventy percent of the care providers of the study children were manual workers. The places of the incidents were almost equally distributed between household (40%) and external environment with a slight predominance of the later (50%). Conclusions: Ocular injuries represent one-third of all ocular injuries in the study locale. Ocular injuries in children occur with an almost equal distribution in both urban and rural areas and in both household and external environments. Mechanical trauma was the most common cause of trauma

CYP1B1 and myocilin gene mutations in Egyptian patients with primary congenital glaucoma

Purpose: Primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) accounts for 26–29% of childhood blindness in Egypt. The identification of disease causing mutations has not been extensively investigated. We aimed to examine the frequency of CYP1B1 and MYOC mutations in PCG Egyptian patients, and study a possible genotype/phenotype correlation.Methods: Ninety-eight patients with PCG diagnosed at the Ophthalmology department ofAlexandria Main University Hospital were enrolled. Demographic and phenotypic characteristics were recorded. Patients and 100 healthy subjects (control group) were screened for two mutations in CYP1B1 gene (G61E, R368H) and one mutation in MYOC gene (Gln48His) using polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR/RFLP). Phenotypic characteristics pertaining to disease severity were compared.Results: Nineteen patients (19%) with PCG were found positive for one or more of the mutations screened for. Seven patients (7%) were homozygous for the G61E mutation. Ten patients (10%) were heterozygous; 6 for the G61E mutation, 2 for the R368H mutation and 2 for the Gln48His mutation. Two patients (2%) were double heterozygotes harboring a R368H as well as a Gln48His mutation. The most common mutation observed was the G61E in 13 patients; 7 homozygotes and 6 heterozygotes for the mutation. The control group were negative for all mutations screened for. No significant correlations between the mutations and phenotype severity were detected. A statistically significant positive correlation however was found between the different mutations andeach of the IOP and the cup/disk ratio.Conclusion: The current study further endorses the role of CYP1B1 mutations in the etiology of PCG among Egyptian patients and is the first study to report MYOC gene mutation in Egyptian patients with PCG

Egyptian Needs and the Water Resources Under the Agreements Among the Nile River Basin Countries

Abstract: Water is Egypt issue today, and its danger is increasing in the future years. Egypt is considered one of the poorest 35 countries in the world,its ownership of freshwater resources, where Egyptian citizen share in 1947year was reached about 2604 m 3 / year, it decreased over the years following that reached 860 m 3 / year in 2003, possibly the individual share will decrease to 582 m 3 / year in 2025, due to the available water resources for agriculture is limited, the future demand increasing for the purposes of horizontal and vertical expansion in cultivated area, the low efficiency of availability use of it, in addition to the obstacles in the traditional sources use, and as a result of the increase in population with demand for water is increased,and the available renewable water resources are constant, which led to increase the water problem in Egypt, Therefore, the study aimed to Identify the current available of Egyptian needs, water resources, individual share average of water, and identify the periods of abundance,scarcity and water poverty through the presentation of the various water agreements among the Nile River Basin countries, The study proved that total water needs reached about 69

Easy and green route towards nanostructured ZnO as active sensing material with unexpected H2S dosimeter-type behaviour

Nanostructured ZnO particles were prepared through a straightforward, quick and low\u2010temperature synthesis route involving coprecipitation of the metal precursor salts with oxalic acid, followed by hydrothermal treatment at 135 or 160 \ub0C. The synthesised nanostructured powders were thoroughly characterised by a wide array of analytical techniques from the morphological (Scanning Electron Microscopy \u2013SEM\u2010, Transmission Electron Microscopy \u2010TEM\u2010, Energy\u2010dispersive X\u2010ray Spectroscopy \u2010EDXS\u2010), structural (Powder X\u2010Ray Diffraction \u2010PXRD\u2010, Selected Area Electron Diffraction \u2010SAED\u2010), compositional (X\u2010ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy \u2010XPS\u2010) and physical (thermal stability) point of view. As far as functional applications are concerned, the powders were tested as gas sensor materials for H2S detection. Thereby these ZnO particles show unexpected gas dosimeter behaviour at 150 \ub0C. Based on these observations and on a comparison with literature a new model for the interaction of ZnO nanostructures with H2S is proposed