Unified Role Assignment Framework For Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks are made possible by the continuing improvements in embedded sensor, VLSI, and wireless radio technologies. Currently, one of the important challenges in sensor networks is the design of a systematic network management framework that allows localized and collaborative resource control uniformly across all application services such as sensing, monitoring, tracking, data aggregation, and routing. The research in wireless sensor networks is currently oriented toward a cross-layer network abstraction that supports appropriate fine or course grained resource controls for energy efficiency. In that regard, we have designed a unified role-based service paradigm for wireless sensor networks. We pursue this by first developing a Role-based Hierarchical Self-Organization (RBSHO) protocol that organizes a connected dominating set (CDS) of nodes called dominators. This is done by hierarchically selecting nodes that possess cumulatively high energy, connectivity, and sensing capabilities in their local neighborhood. The RBHSO protocol then assigns specific tasks such as sensing, coordination, and routing to appropriate dominators that end up playing a certain role in the network. Roles, though abstract and implicit, expose role-specific resource controls by way of role assignment and scheduling. Based on this concept, we have designed a Unified Role-Assignment Framework (URAF) to model application services as roles played by local in-network sensor nodes with sensor capabilities used as rules for role identification. The URAF abstracts domain specific role attributes by three models: the role energy model, the role execution time model, and the role service utility model. The framework then generalizes resource management for services by providing abstractions for controlling the composition of a service in terms of roles, its assignment, reassignment, and scheduling. To the best of our knowledge, a generic role-based framework that provides a simple and unified network management solution for wireless sensor networks has not been proposed previously

A rare case of presence of unusual foreign body in rectum in homosexual male

Foreign body in the rectum is rare yet potentially life-threatening condition; fear of social embarrassment causes the patient to delayto seek treatment and even hide the actual history and replace imaging reports, which leads to incorrect diagnosis and eventually thetreatment. In this article, we report the case of a 30 years hepatitis B positive, homosexual male who presented to the departmentwith a chief complaint of pain in the lower abdomen and was diagnosed to have foreign body (pestle) in rectum, which was insertedas a part of sexual adventure and deliberate attempt was made by the patient to replace X-ray films with other patients to misleadthe treating doctor. Finally, the foreign body was removed surgically and was followed by psychiatric evaluation of the patient

Analysis and establish a correlation between serum ceruloplasmin, serum apelin level and thyroid profile in patients with hypothyroidism and healthy controls

Background: Hypothyroidism is an endocrine disorder resulting from deficiency of thyroid hormone. It is often the primary process in which the thyroid gland produces insufficient amounts of thyroid hormone. It can also be secondary, i.e., lack of thyroid hormone secretion due to the failure of either adequate thyrotropin (TSH) secretion from the pituitary gland or thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) from the hypothalamus (secondary or tertiary hypothyroidism). The patient's appearance may vary from asymptomatic to, rarely, coma with multisystem organ failure (myxoedema coma). Methods: The present observational descriptive, cross sectional study has been conducted on 120 newly diagnosed Subclinical Hypothyroidism patients of 20-50 years age group of both sex attending the OPD of department of medicine, RVRS medical college and associated group of hospitals, Bhilwara from May 2021 to May 2022. Diagnosis of thyroid disorder has been made according to the criteria recommended by the European thyroid association guidelines-2013. The result has been compared with age and gender matched 120 euthyroid subjects acting as controls. Detailed history of participants including age, history of any medications, addictions has been taken. Written consent from all the subjects has been obtained for the study.Results: The mean serum FT3 level was found to be slightly decreased in Subclinical hypothyroid subjects (group I) as compared to healthy controls (group II) but the difference was statistically significant (p<0.0001). The mean serum FT4 level was found to be slightly decreased in Subclinical hypothyroid subjects (group I) as compared to healthy controls (group II) but the difference was statistically significant (p<0.0001). A highly significant increase (p<0.0001) in mean serum TSH level has been observed in subclinical hypothyroid subjects (group-I) when compared to controls (group- II). In subclinical hypothyroid subjects, mean serum ceruloplasmin levels were found to be significantly lower in comparison to healthy subjects (p<0.0001).Conclusions: The overall findings of the present study thus confirm that serum Apelin level is significantly higher in subclinical hypothyroid subjects and serum ceruloplasmin level is significantly lower in the subclinical hypothyroid subjects. However, further experimental and observational studies are needed to illustrate the role of serum ceruloplasmin and serum apelin in subclinical hypothyroidism

A reliable approach to customizing linux kernel using custom build tool-chain for ARM architecture and application to agriculture

ARM processors are receiving more attention as per IoT customized devices are concerned. A novel framework design tool for Linux kernel customization on ARM architecture has been illustrated. The tool is best suit from ARM based platformss like Raspberry pi, Beagle Bone, Intel Edison etc. The proposed techniques uses different tool chains for the kernel customization. The paper represents an integral framework that integrates all the cross compiling tools and simplifies the overall process. The framework has been used for the development of a customized kernel for Raspberry Pi on Ubuntu 14.04 host computer. The custom kernel has been ported in to Raspberry Pi and the performance evaluation has been done. Furthermore, the analysis aims to help users choose and configure their tracers based on their specific requirements to reduce their overhead and get the most of out of them. The testing of customized OS with raspberry Pi device in the field of agriculture. The smart node/mote is designed based on it to deploy in the agriculture field to test its feasibility. The group of nodes data is gathered using ThingSpeak cloud server. The gathered sensory data is analyzed and forecast on farmer’s mobile phone in the form of APP or handheld device for farmer

EVALUATION OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY, ANALGESIC, AND ANTIPYRETIC EFFECT OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF PEDALIUM MUREX LINN. FRUITS

This study investigated the possible anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects of ethanolic extract of Pedalium murex Linn. fruits, in selected experimental animal models. Anti-inflammatory activity of Pedalium murex Linn. with doses of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg, p.o., was evaluated by λ-carrageenan induced paw oedema in wistar albino rats; analgesic activity with doses of 280 mg/kg and 560 mg/kg, p.o., was evaluated by hot plate method and acetic acid induced writhing method in swiss albino mice; and antipyretic activity with doses of 110 mg/kg and 220 mg/kg, p.o., was evaluated in Newzealand white rabbits by injecting gram –ve lipopolysaccharide obtained from E. coli. Results were analyzed by one way ANOVA followed by Dunnet’s multiple comparison test. Pedalium murex Linn. showed significant anti-inflammatory activity from 15 min to 180 min as compared to vehicle treated animals. It was comparable to diclofenac sodium at 180 min. It did not prolong the reaction time on hot plate method but significantly reduced the number of writhing after acetic acid administration. It didn’t show any antipyretic activity on lipopolysaccharide induced pyrexia. Ethanolic extract of Pedalium murex Linn. fruits have an anti-inflammatory and peripheral analgesic effects

Effectiveness of pegylated erythropoietin in renal anaemia patients on dialysis-a multicentre, cross-sectional, observational outcome study

Background: Low dose of pegylated erythropoietin (PegEPO) is better than conventional erythropoietin stimulating agents (ESAs) in improving hyporesponsiveness and maintaining stable haemoglobin (Hb) levels in renal anaemic patients undergoing hemodialysis. This real-world study aimed to assess effectiveness and safety of low-dose PegEPO (30 µg/0.3 mL), administered at different time-points in renal anaemia patients on dialysis. Methods: HEMEPEG (HEMoglobin outcomE with PegEPO) was a multicentre, retrospective, cross-sectional, observational study of renal anaemia patients receiving PegEPO up to 3 months. The study assessed an increase in Hb, patients achieving Hb 10-12 g/dl, and Hb increase by ≥1 and ≥2 g/dl. Results: Data from 223 out of 273 patients from 19 Indian centers were analyzed. PegEPO was administered weekly to 132 patients (59.19%), with 38.64% being diabetic and 77.27% previously treated with ESAs. Ten day dosing was given to 91 patients (40.81%), including 46.15% diabetic patients and 72.53% previously treated with ESAs. A Significant (p&lt;0.0001) increase in mean Hb levels from baseline to day 30, 60 and 90 were observed for both studied groups, with a target Hb of 10-12 g/dl achieved in 51.08% and 52.85% of patients in the respective groups after 3 months. An increase in Hb by ≥1 and ≥2 g/dl were observed in weekly (68.67% and 45.78%) and 10-day group (77.14% and 50.00%) patients, respectively. Conclusions: PegEPO (30 µg/0.3 mL) was effective treatment of renal anaemia and diabetic chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients on dialysis when administered weekly or every 10 days over a 3-month treatment period

An Inherent Approach based on ACO and Tabu Search for Resource Allocation in Grid Environment

The persistence of grid environment is to yield a virtual mainframe by using different types of assets available in the large area using broad networks. Grid computing is expanding promptly in the existing era. Grid Computing for controlling and allotment large-scale resources to solve complex technical obstacles. Arrangement is the greatest contemporary theme used to achieve high performance in grid environments. The rotation of the assets floods dishonest announcement infrastructure and availability of the resources carriage a major challenge for proficient resource carriage. Due to fundamental scattering of the assets and their observation, grid provision is a NP-hard exertion. It has been exposed that heuristic algorithms such as tabu search offer optimal performance for resource provision in grid atmosphere. This paper presented a unusual merging algorithm inspired by the tabu search with ant colony optimization.The proposed fusion approach ambitions to breed energetically, an peak skeleton to widespread responsibilities within tiniest time period and also to use assets skillfully

Power Saving Routing Protocol for Ad hoc Networks based on AODV

An ad hoc network is a wireless and infrastructure less network. It has dynamic and impermanent network topology. Each of nodes contains limited power in ad hoc networks. Power constraint is a major challenge to ad hoc networks. Limited power of nodes breaks link of the networks and reduces life of the networks. This proposed method minimizes the problem of link breakage and reduces the energy use of the network using a threshold (cutoff) based technique. This method takes all the paths whose nodes have energy greater than threshold value. This method selects the shortest path from the various paths based on AODV (Ad hoc on demand Distance Vector) protocol for routing. This proposed method is an extension of AODV protocol on the basis of energy factor and it shows better performance than existing AODV protocol. The performance parameters are throughput, packet delivery fraction and normalized routing load. It reduces network overhead and increases network lifetime. We use NS-2 network simulator for performance analysis

Bryophyllum pinnatum leaf extracts prevent formation of renal calculi in lithiatic rats

Background: Bryophyllum pinnatum, commonly known as Pattharcaṭṭa, is used traditionally in ethnomedicinal practices for the treatment of kidney stone and urinary insufficiency. Aim: The present study evaluated the effect of Bryophyllum pinnatum on ethylene glycol (EG)-induced renal calculi in rats. Materials and Methods: Renal calculi were induced in rats by administration of 0.75% EG in drinking water and co-treated orally with standard drug, Cystone (750 mg/kg), or alcoholic and hydro-alcoholic extracts in doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg for 28 days. Weekly body weights were recorded. On day 29, urolithiasis was confirmed by assessing the urinary parameters (urine volume, pH, uric acid, calcium, phosphorus, oxalate, magnesium and creatinine clearance), serum biochemical parameters (creatinine, uric acid, urea, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium), oxidative stress parameters and histology of kidney. Results: Treatment with extracts attenuated the EG-induced decrease in body weight and elevation in urinary parameters (uric acid, calcium, phosphorus and oxalate) and serum biochemical parameters (creatinine, uric acid, urea, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium). Extract treatment also reversed EG-induced decrease in urine volume, pH, magnesium and creatinine clearance, oxidative and histological damages in kidneys. Results were comparable to standard drug, Cystone. Results indicated that EG administration caused renal calculi formation which is prevented by treatment with extracts. The observed antilithiatic effect may be attributed to the presence of high content of phenolics, flavonoids and saponins in the extracts. Conclusion: Bryophyllum pinnatum leaves showed preventive effect against renal calculi formation and validates its ethnomedicinal use in urinary disorders. It further supports its therapeutic potential for the treatment of urinary calculi