Herança e o diagnostico ortodontico

Orientador : Maria Helena Castro de AlmeidaTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de PiracicabaResumo: Um dos grandes objetivos do ortodontista consiste na correção das anormalidades que comprometem o complexo cranio-facial, sendo de grande importância o estabelecimento dos fatores etiológicos dessas anormalidades. Dentre os fatores etiológicos das maloclusões, estão os fatores ambientais e os fatores hereditários, podendo se manifestarem isoladamente ou associados uns com os outros. Por existir inúmeros transtornos monogenéticos. poligenéticos e outros múltiplos fatores ambientais que atuam na área buco-facial, o diagnóstico precoce é muito importante, a fim da possibilitar uma previsão clínica de cada caso da maloclusão. Dificilmente as características morfo16gicas do complexo crânio-facial são influenciadas somente por fatores hereditários e/ou somente por fatores ambientais. sendo o fenotipo de um organismo. o resultado entre ambos. t altamente impossivel que qualquer componente do esqueleto facial, seja herdado estilo mendeliano. pois se a face estivesse sob rigido cont.role genétiço, seria possivel prever as caracteristicas dos filhos, a parti r de dados cefalométricos dos pais. o objetivo do presente trabalho, foi analisar grandezas cefalométricas maxilares e mandibulares dos filhos e dos pais, verificando-se a relação exi stente entre esses dois grupos e dessa rorma relacionando-se ao diagn6stico ortodôntico. Para tanto, foram selecionadas 25 familias caucasoides, das quais foram feitas as tomadas radiográficas. da cabeça em norma lateral, sendo traçadas grandezas cefalométricas angular s e lineares, ap o que foi feito a análise estatistica dos dados. através da análise de regressão. concluindo-se que: o fator herança foi significativo. tanto para o grupo paterno como para o grupo materno, contribuindo significativamente para a determinação das caracteristicas cefalométricas tanto maxilares como mandibulares dos filhos. a partir de dados dos paisAbstract: Not informed.DoutoradoOrtodontiaDoutor em Ciência

Comportamento de algumas medidas cefalometricas em individuos negroides e caucasoides portadores de oclusão considerada clinicamente excelente (estudo comparativo)

Orientador : Tatsuko SakimaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de de PiracicabaResumo: Não informadoAbstract: Not informedMestradoOrtodontiaMestre em Ciência

Análise do coeficiente de variação em testes de resistência da união ao cisalhamento e tração

The coefficient of variation is a dispersion measurement that does not depend on the unit scales, thus allowing the comparison of experimental results involving different variables. Its calculation is crucial for the adhesive experiments performed in laboratories because both precision and reliability can be verified. The aim of this study was to evaluate and to suggest a classification of the coefficient variation (CV) for in vitro experiments on shear and tensile strengths. The experiments were performed in laboratory by fifty international and national studies on adhesion materials. Statistical data allowing the estimation of the coefficient of variation was gathered from each scientific article since none of them had such a measurement previously calculated. Excel worksheet was used for organizing the data while the sample normality was tested by using Shapiro Wilk tests (alpha = 0.05) and the Statistical Analysis System software (SAS). A mean value of 6.11 (SD = 1.83) for the coefficient of variation was found by the data analysis and the data had a normal distribution (p>;0.05). A range classification was proposed for the coefficient of variation from such data, that is, it should be considered low for a value lesser than 2.44; intermediate for a value between 2.44 and 7.94, high for a value between 7.94 and 9.78, and finally, very high for a value greater than 9.78. Such classification can be used as a guide for experiments on adhesion materials, thus making the planning easier as well as revealing precision and validity concerning the data.O Coeficiente de variação é uma medida de dispersão que independe da escala de unidades, permitindo comparação de resultados experimentais de variáveis diferentes. Seu cálculo é imprescindível em experimentos laboratoriais de adesão, pois a partir dele é possível verificar a precisão e confiabilidade do experimento. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar e sugerir uma classificação do coeficiente de variação (CV) em experimentos in vitro que envolveram testes de resistência ao cisalhamento e / ou tração. Foram analisados 50 trabalhos de periódicos nacionais e internacionais, sendo que todos avaliaram a adesão em ensaios laboratoriais. Foram coletados em cada artigo dados estatísticos que permitiram estimar o coeficiente de variação, pois nenhum deles apresentava esta medida calculada. Os dados coletados foram organizados em Planilha Excel, sendo a normalidade da amostra testada pelo teste de Shapiro Wilk (alfa=0,05) utilizando o programa Statistical Analysis System (SAS). Pela análise dos dados, tendo os mesmos apresentados distribuição normal (p>;0,05) foi encontrado um CV médio de 6,11 com desvio-padrão de 1,83. A partir destes dados foram propostas faixas de classificação para o coeficiente de variação, ou seja, este coeficiente deve ser considerado baixo até um valor de 2,44; médio entre 2,44 - 7,94, alto entre 7,94 - 9.78 e muito alto acima de 9,78. Esta classificação poderá ser usada como guia para experimentos de adesão, facilitando o planejamento, revelando a precisão e validade dos dados

Shear Bond Strength Of Metallic Brackets Bonded With A New Orthodontic Composite

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets in different enamel surfaces using the Transbond Plus Color Change composite (TPCC-3M Unitek), and to analyze the Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI). Methods: Seventy-two human premolars were divided into six groups (n = 12), as follows: Group 1(control) - Transbond XT conventional; in Groups 2 to 6, TPCC was used under the following enamel treatment conditions: phosphoric acid and XT-primer; Transbond Plus Self-Etching Primer (TPSEP); phosphoric acid only; phosphoric acid, XT-primer and saliva; and TPSEP and saliva, respectively. Twenty-four hours after bonding, the brackets were debonded with an Instron machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min, and ARI was evaluated by using a stereoscopic magnifying glass. Results: The mean shear strength values (MPa) for Groups 1 to 6 were 24.6, 18.7, 17.5, 19.7, 17.5 and 14.8, respectively. Data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey’s test (? = 0.05). Group 1 had significantly higher shear bond strength values than Groups 3, 5, and 6 (p 0.05). No statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) were found between Groups 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. Conclusions: Bracket bonding using TPCC showed adequate adhesion for clinical use, and the type of enamel preparation had no influence.8276-8

Expectations Of Orthodontic Treatment In Adults: The Conduct In Orthodontist/patient Relationship.

The high demand for orthodontic treatment, evidenced over the last few decades, has been justified mainly by the greater importance given to facial esthetics, influencing individual's self esteem. However, the professional frequently does not meet all the patient's expectations, for not establishing good communication and not knowing about the critical points during orthodontic treatment. The aim of this study was to elucidate patients' desires and doubts regarding orthodontic treatment, by means of a survey applied to 60 adult patients. The analysis of results revealed that most individuals (38.3%) noticed treatment success after its conclusion. Occlusion deviation was pointed out by 66.7% as the main reason for seeking treatment, and esthetics ranked as second (with 48.3%). Treatment time was considered within the prediction by 46.7% of the interviewees and the results were judged as very good by 43.3%. The social relations of most participants were not affected by treatment (73.3%). Also, 58.3% of the interviewees reported pain as the main complaint and 53.3% found it difficult to use dental floss. Most participants saw the orthodontist as a professional who was concerned about their health (76.7%), and believed that he/she was more able to treat them (96.6%) when compared with the general practitioner. The orthodontist/patient relationship enables an understanding of the expectations regarding orthodontic treatment, resulting in greater motivation and cooperation, leading to a successful outcome.1888-9

Clinical evaluation of the failure rates of metallic brackets

The aim of this study was to evaluate in vivo the bonding of metallic orthodontic brackets with different adhesive systems. Material and methods: Twenty patients (10.5-15.1 years old) who had sought corrective orthodontic treatment at a University Orthodontic Clinic were evaluated. Brackets were bonded from the right second premolar to the left second premolar in the upper and lower arches using: Orthodontic Concise, conventional Transbond XT, Transbond XT without primer, and Transbond XT associated with Transbond Plus Self-etching Primer (TPSEP). The 4 adhesive systems were used in all patients using a split-mouth design; each adhesive system was used in one quadrant of each dental arch, so that each group of 5 patients received the same bonding sequence. Initial archwires were inserted 1 week after bracket bonding. The number of bracket failures for each adhesive system was quantified over a 6-month period. Results: The number of debonded brackets was: 8- Orthodontic Concise, 2- conventional Transbond XT, 9- Transbond XT without primer, and 1- Transbond XT + TPSEP. By using the Kaplan-Meier methods, statistically significant differences were found between the materials (p=0.0198), and the Logrank test identified these differences. Conventional Transbond XT and Transbond XT + TPSEP adhesive systems were statistically superior to Orthodontic Concise and Transbond XT without primer (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the dental arches (upper and lower), between the dental arch sides (right and left), and among the quadrants. Conclusions: The largest number of bracket failures occurred with Orthodontic Concise and Transbond XT without primer systems and few bracket failures occurred with conventional Transbond XT and Transbond XT+TPSEP. More bracket failures were observed in the posterior region compared with the anterior region.20222823

Análise do coeficiente de variação em testes de resistência da união ao cisalhamento e tração

The coefficient of variation is a dispersion measurement that does not depend on the unit scales, thus allowing the comparison of experimental results involving different variables. Its calculation is crucial for the adhesive experiments performed in laboratories because both precision and reliability can be verified. The aim of this study was to evaluate and to suggest a classification of the coefficient variation (CV) for in vitro experiments on shear and tensile strengths. The experiments were performed in laboratory by fifty international and national studies on adhesion materials. Statistical data allowing the estimation of the coefficient of variation was gathered from each scientific article since none of them had such a measurement previously calculated. Excel worksheet was used for organizing the data while the sample normality was tested by using Shapiro Wilk tests (alpha = 0.05) and the Statistical Analysis System software (SAS). A mean value of 6.11 (SD = 1.83) for the coefficient of variation was found by the data analysis and the data had a normal distribution (p>0.05). A range classification was proposed for the coefficient of variation from such data, that is, it should be considered low for a value lesser than 2.44; intermediate for a value between 2.44 and 7.94, high for a value between 7.94 and 9.78, and finally, very high for a value greater than 9.78. Such classification can be used as a guide for experiments on adhesion materials, thus making the planning easier as well as revealing precision and validity concerning the data.O Coeficiente de variação é uma medida de dispersão que independe da escala de unidades, permitindo comparação de resultados experimentais de variáveis diferentes. Seu cálculo é imprescindível em experimentos laboratoriais de adesão, pois a partir dele é possível verificar a precisão e confiabilidade do experimento. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar e sugerir uma classificação do coeficiente de variação (CV) em experimentos in vitro que envolveram testes de resistência ao cisalhamento e / ou tração. Foram analisados 50 trabalhos de periódicos nacionais e internacionais, sendo que todos avaliaram a adesão em ensaios laboratoriais. Foram coletados em cada artigo dados estatísticos que permitiram estimar o coeficiente de variação, pois nenhum deles apresentava esta medida calculada. Os dados coletados foram organizados em Planilha Excel, sendo a normalidade da amostra testada pelo teste de Shapiro Wilk (alfa=0,05) utilizando o programa Statistical Analysis System (SAS). Pela análise dos dados, tendo os mesmos apresentados distribuição normal (p>0,05) foi encontrado um CV médio de 6,11 com desvio-padrão de 1,83. A partir destes dados foram propostas faixas de classificação para o coeficiente de variação, ou seja, este coeficiente deve ser considerado baixo até um valor de 2,44; médio entre 2,44 - 7,94, alto entre 7,94 - 9.78 e muito alto acima de 9,78. Esta classificação poderá ser usada como guia para experimentos de adesão, facilitando o planejamento, revelando a precisão e validade dos dados.24324

Expectations of orthodontic treatment in adults: the conduct in orthodontist/patient relationship

INTRODUCTION: The high demand for orthodontic treatment, evidenced over the last few decades, has been justified mainly by the greater importance given to facial esthetics, influencing individual's self esteem. However, the professional frequently does not meet all the patient's expectations, for not establishing good communication and not knowing about the critical points during orthodontic treatment. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to elucidate patients' desires and doubts regarding orthodontic treatment, by means of a survey applied to 60 adult patients. RESULTS: The analysis of results revealed that most individuals (38.3 %) noticed treatment success after its conclusion. Occlusion deviation was pointed out by 66.7 % as the main reason for seeking treatment, and esthetics ranked as second (with 48.3 %). Treatment time was considered within the prediction by 46.7% of the interviewees and the results were judged as very good by 43.3 %. The social relations of most participants were not affected by treatment (73.3 %). Also, 58.3 % of the interviewees reported pain as the main complaint and 53.3 % found it difficult to use dental floss. Most participants saw the orthodontist as a professional who was concerned about their health (76.7 %), and believed that he/she was more able to treat them (96.6 %) when compared with the general practitioner. CONCLUSION: The orthodontist/ patient relationship enables an understanding of the expectations regarding orthodontic treatment, resulting in greater motivation and cooperation, leading to a successful outcome.INTRODUÇÃO: a elevada procura por tratamentos ortodônticos, evidenciada nas últimas décadas, justifica-se principalmente pela maior importância à estética facial, influenciando a autoestima do indivíduo. Entretanto, muitas vezes o profissional não atinge todas as expectativas esperadas pelo paciente, por não estabelecer uma correta comunicação e conhecer os pontos críticos durante o tratamento ortodôntico. OBJETIVO: esse estudo objetivou elucidar os anseios e dúvidas de pacientes em relação ao tratamento ortodôntico por meio da aplicação de questionário a 60 pacientes adultos. RESULTADOS: a análise dos resultados revelou que a maioria dos indivíduos (38,3%) percebeu êxito após a finalização da terapêutica. O desvio da oclusão foi apontado por 66,7% como principal motivo de procura pelo tratamento, e, em segundo lugar, 48,3% pela estética. O tempo de tratamento foi considerado dentro do previsto por 46,7% dos entrevistados e os resultados foram julgados como muito bons para 43,3%. As relações sociais da maioria dos participantes não foram afetadas pelo tratamento (73,3%), sendo que 58,3% dos entrevistados relataram a dor como queixa principal, e 53,3% encontraram dificuldades no uso do fio dental. A maioria dos participantes vê o ortodontista como um profissional preocupado com sua saúde (76,7%), e acredita que é mais apto em relação ao clínico-geral para tratá-los (96,6%). CONCLUSÃO: o vínculo entre profissional e paciente possibilita compreender as expectativas em relação ao tratamento ortodôntico, resultando em maior motivação, cooperação e sucesso do tratamento.889

Comparative cephalometric study between nasal and predominantly mouth breathers

AIM: to evaluate the possible correlation between the respiratory pattern in determining the craniofacial dimensions, using as baseline the Tweed-Merrifield s cephalometric analysis, added to angle SN-GoGn and to Y axis angle. METHODOLOGY: The selected sample to this study comprised 50 teleradiographies taken in lateral and natural positions of the head in young female patients at the age of 9 to 12 years, presenting mean age of 10 years and 5 months and Class 1 malocclusion. After diagnosis of respiratory pattern, the sample was divided into two groups: control group, 25 teleradiographies of nasal breathers in lateral and natural positions of the head; experimental group, 25 teleradiographies of predominantly mouth breathers in lateral and natural positions of the head. RESULTS: The results were submitted to descriptive analysis (mean and standard deviation), test F and t Student test with significance level of 5%. There was no significant difference between the group with nasal breathing and the group with predominantly mouth breathing for any of the studied variables.OBJETIVO: avaliar a possível influência do padrão respiratório na determinação das dimensões craniofaciais, tendo como base a análise cefalométrica de Tweed-Merrifield, acrescidas do ângulo SN-GoGn e do ângulo do eixo Y. METODOLOGIA: A amostra selecionada para o presente estudo constou de 50 telerradiografias, tomadas em norma lateral e posição natural de cabeça, de jovens do sexo feminino, na faixa etária de 9 a 12 anos (idade média de 10 anos e 5 meses) com maloclusão de Classe I. Após o diagnóstico do padrão respiratório, dividiu-se a amostra em dois grupos, assim constituídos: grupo controle - 25 telerradiografias de respiradores nasais e grupo experimental - 25 telerradiografias de respiradores predominantemente bucais. RESULTADOS: foram submetidos à análise descritiva (média e desvio padrão), teste F e teste t de Student com nível de significância de 5%, através dos quais foi possível constatar não existir diferença significativa entre os grupos com respiração nasal quando comparado com o grupo de respiração predominantemente bucal para nenhumas das grandezas estudadas.728

Clinical evaluation of the failure rates of metallic brackets

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate in vivo the bonding of metallic orthodontic brackets with different adhesive systems. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty patients (10.5-15.1 years old) who had sought corrective orthodontic treatment at a University Orthodontic Clinic were evaluated. Brackets were bonded from the right second premolar to the left second premolar in the upper and lower arches using: Orthodontic Concise, conventional Transbond XT, Transbond XT without primer, and Transbond XT associated with Transbond Plus Self-etching Primer (TPSEP). The 4 adhesive systems were used in all patients using a split-mouth design; each adhesive system was used in one quadrant of each dental arch, so that each group of 5 patients received the same bonding sequence. Initial archwires were inserted 1 week after bracket bonding. The number of bracket failures for each adhesive system was quantified over a 6-month period. RESULTS: The number of debonded brackets was: 8- Orthodontic Concise, 2- conventional Transbond XT, 9- Transbond XT without primer, and 1- Transbond XT + TPSEP. By using the Kaplan-Meier methods, statistically significant differences were found between the materials (p=0.0198), and the Logrank test identified these differences. Conventional Transbond XT and Transbond XT + TPSEP adhesive systems were statistically superior to Orthodontic Concise and Transbond XT without primer (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the dental arches (upper and lower), between the dental arch sides (right and left), and among the quadrants. CONCLUSIONS: The largest number of bracket failures occurred with Orthodontic Concise and Transbond XT without primer systems and few bracket failures occurred with conventional Transbond XT and Transbond XT+TPSEP. More bracket failures were observed in the posterior region compared with the anterior region