Mating patterns, mate choice, and birth season heterosexual relationships in free-ranging rhesus macaques

Birth season adult heterosexual nonkin relationships of 50 free-ranging female rhesus macaques ( Macaca mulatta ) in two social groups at Cayo Santiago, Puerto Rico were examined using focal follow (289 hr) and ad lib data. Eighty-eight percent of subjects had at least one relationship characterized by particularly high frequencies of spatial proximity, grooming, or both. These were designated “friendships.” Males intervened in aggressive interactions more frequently on behalf of Friends than non-Friends. Female aggressive support of males was extremely rare. Higher-ranking males experienced more friendships than lower-ranking males. High-ranking females had higher-ranking Friends than low-ranking females. Older females had higher-ranking Friends than younger females. Females groomed high-ranking Friends more than they were groomed by them, whereas they groomed low-ranking Friends less than they were groomed by them. In one social group, high-ranking females were more likely than low-ranking females to groom their Friends more than they were groomed by them. Males were more responsible than females for spatial proximity maintenance in 9 of 14 Friend dyads for which sufficient data were available. Neither male nor female dominance rank affected responsibility for proximity maintenance in Friend dyads.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/41611/1/10329_2006_Article_BF02381951.pd

The incidence of unpleasant dreams after sub-anaesthetic ketamine

Ketamine is an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)receptor antagonist with psychotogenic effects and for whichthere are diverse reports of whether pleasant or unpleasantdreams result during anaesthesia, post-operatively or aftersub-anaesthetic use. The aim was to assess in healthy volunteers the incidence ofunpleasant dreams over the three nights after receiving asub-anaesthetic dose of ketamine, in comparison to placebo,and with retrospective home nightmare frequency as acovariate.Thirty healthy volunteers completed questionnairesabout retrospective home dream recall and were then giveneither ketamine or placebo. Ketamine resulted in significantly more meandream unpleasantness relative to placebo and caused athreefold increase in the odds ratio for the incidence of anunpleasant dream. The number of dreams reported over thethree nights did not differ between the groups. Theincidence of unpleasant dreams after ketamine use waspredicted by retrospectively assessed nightmare frequencyat home.Ketamine causes unpleasant dreams over thethree post-administration nights. This may be evidence of aresidual psychotogenic effect that is not found on standardself-report symptomatology measures or a result of disturbedsleep electrophysiology. The results have theoretical implications for the relationship between nightmares and schizotypy

Evaluation of Survival Rate and Effective Factors in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients in Emam Hospital (Year 2000)

Introduction: For the time being we have considered that the myocardial infarction is an increasing event in Islamic Republic of Iran and there are many procedures and methods which can help us to diminish the number of death from this ongoing event. The main aim of this research is to determine the survival rate in those patients who have had acute myocardial infarction and the association of it with different variables. Methods and Materials: The present research is a descriptive case-series study which evaluates the 100 cases of acute myocardial infarction who had been admitted in Tehran Emam Khomeini Hospital during the year 1999. Results: The mean age of patients was 57 years. The peak of attack rates was in spring and autumn. Investigating of the past history of these patients reviled that 41 percent had been smokers, 63.5 percent have had the history of previous ischemic heart disease, 41 percent have had hyper cholestrolemia, 34 percent had hypertension, 18 percent had diabetes mellitus, 9 percent had mitral rigurgitation and 9 percent had heart block. The Survival rate in our study has been calculated 68 percent in first 28 days of disease. Conclusion: In our study we concluded that there is significant correlation between survival rate and past history of hypertension, ischemic heart disease, tobacco smoking and clip classification

The safety impact of the 65 mph speed limit: a case study using Alabama accident records. Final grant report.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Office of Research and Development, Washington, D.C.Mode of access: Internet.COP: 2Author corporate affiliation: Auburn University, Ala.Subject code: GCSubject code: GGBSubject code: JLIFSubject code: JLKBSubject code: JLRPSubject code: KNSubject code: RCBD

Mechanical Characterization and Microstructural Investigation of MicroPlasma Arc Welded AISI 316L Thin Stainless Steel Sheets

The microplasma welding (MPAW) is the process of joining thin plate usually in the range 0.3–0.5 mm. The present work includes optimization of ultimate tensile strength (UTS), the effect of process parameters, the effect of hardness on mechanical properties, and metallographic investigation. The MPAW has been performed using 0.5-mm-thin stainless steel 316L sheets. Experiments were carried out based on Taguchi fraction factorial design approach using L27 orthogonal matrix. The tensile, hardness, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) sample were prepared to study the post-weld characterization. As a result of the optimization, UTS for the corresponding optimal setting was found to be 803.46 MPa, whereas predicted experimental result has incremented to 816 MPa. The overall mechanical properties analysis and optimization helps in the enhancement of strength, weld bead uniformity, defect-free weld. The output response of UTS, hardness, microstructure, and SEM, has been correlated with the weld. The optimal welding conditions help to maximize the productivity and minimize the total operating cost of the weld joint

"The effect of supervised exercise training on psychological characteristics and physical fitness after myocardial infarction "

Regarding the increasing prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) especially myocardial infarction (MI), and the insufficiency of information in the field of physical rehabilitation, this study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a course of physical rehabilitation on the psychological status and physical characteristics f cardiac patients. In this study, the effect of 8 weeks exercise training, 3 sessions of 45 minutes duration per week, on the physical and psychological function of MI patients was evaluated. Eighty patients who were referred to the rehabilitation unit of Isfahan cardiovascular Research Center were randomly divided into two groups of exercise and non-exercise. The data of pre and post exercise course were analyzed with the SPSS software using the two-sample t-test and multiple liner regression. The comparison of the mean changes of functional capacity. Weight, body mass index (BMI), heart rate, and systolic and diastolic blood pressures between exercise and non-exercise groups after 8 weeks showed significant difference for all studied factors (P<0.05). Also, investigating the psychological characteristics such as depression, anxiety and hostility scores indicated a significant change after exercise training (P<0.05). Personality and behavior showed no significant difference. This study suggests the functional has a significant effect on improving the function capacity and psychological behavior in post MI patients