Insights on Extent of Effectiveness, Trend, and Gap in Existing Frameworks for e-Procurement System

With the advancement of technologies, the organization and business applications are witnessed with the increasing trends to adopt cut edge technologies to normalize their business process.  However, this trend was not observed much on the e-Procurement system, where the existing users still place the purchase order using conventional web-based approach that cannot address various ongoing challenges in eProcurement system. This paper attempts to review the existing trends and challenges of web-based eProcurement system and discusses that with the adoption of cloud computing as present trend, such ongoing issues of eProcurement can be addressed. The paper discusses the effectiveness of the existing techniques with interpretation of research gap

A Novel Intelligence-based e-Procurement System to offer Maximum Fairness Index in Ongoing Auction Process

A perfect auction policy is one of the most strategic elements that contribute to success factor for any e-Procurement system. An auction policy can be only term as an effective if it really offer win-win situation to both the bidder as well as to the merchant. After reviewing existing studies on e-Procurement system, it is found that there isno effective research work focusing on this point and maximum research contribution has limited its scope to certain application or case studis. Hence, the proposed system introduces a novel e-Procurement system which is equipped by an itelligence-building process for performing predictive analysis of ongoing auction process. A mathematical modelling is implemented where all teh variables have been formed using practical implementation of auction system and followed by optimization process using regression-based approach. The study outcome shows that proposed system offers better response time and higher predictive accuracy in contrast to existing approaches

Single-strand selective monofunctional uracil-DNA glycosylase (SMUG1) deficiency is linked to aggressive breast cancer and predicts response to adjuvant therapy

Uracil in DNA is an important cause of mutagenesis. SMUG1 is a uracil DNA glycosylase that removes uracil through base excision repair. SMUG1 also processes radiation induced oxidative base damage as well as 5-fluorouracil incorporated into DNA during chemotherapy. We investigated SMUG1 mRNA expression in 249 primary breast cancers. SMUG1 protein expression was investigated in 1165 breast tumours randomised into two cohorts [training set (n=583) and test set (n=582)]. SMUG1 and chemotherapy response was also investigated in a series of 315 ER negative tumours (n=315). For mechanistic insights, SMUG1 was correlated to biomarkers of aggressive phenotype, DNA repair, cell cycle and apoptosis. Low SMUG1 mRNA expression was associated with adverse disease specific survival (p=0.008) and disease free survival (p=0.008). Low SMUG1 protein expression (25%) was associated with high histological grade (p<0.0001), high mitotic index (p<0.0001), pleomorphism (p<0.0001), glandular de-differentiation (p=0.0001), absence of hormonal receptors (ER-/PgR-/AR) (p<0.0001), presence of basal-like (p<0.0001) and triple negative phenotypes (p<0.0001). Low SMUG1 protein expression was associated with loss of BRCA1 (p<0.0001), ATM (p<0.0001) and XRCC1 (p<0.0001). Low p27 (p<0.0001), low p21 (p=0.023), mutant p53 (p=0.037), low MDM2 (p<0.0001), low MDM4 (p=0.004), low Bcl-2 (p=0.001), low Bax (p=0.003) and high MIB1 (p<0.0001) were likely in low SMUG1 tumours. Low SMUG1 protein expression was associated with poor prognosis in univariate (p<0.001) and multivariate analysis (p<0.01). In ER+ cohort that received adjuvant endocrine therapy, low SMUG1 protein expression remains associated with poor survival (p<0.01). In ER- cohort that received adjuvant chemotherapy, low SMUG1 protein expression is associated with improved survival (p=0.043). Our study suggests that low SMUG1 expression may correlate to adverse clinicopathological features and predict response to adjuvant therapy in breast cancer

Conditional Entrench Spatial Domain Steganography

Steganography is a technique of concealing the secret information in a digital carrier media, so that only the authorized recipient can detect the presence of secret information. In this paper, we propose a spatial domain steganography method for embedding secret information on conditional basis using 1-Bit of Most Significant Bit (MSB). The cover image is decomposed into blocks of 8*8 matrix size. The first block of cover image is embedded with 8 bits of upper bound and lower bound values required for retrieving payload at the destination. The mean of median values and difference between consecutive pixels of each 8*8 block of cover image is determined to embed payload in 3 bits of Least Significant Bit (LSB) and 1 bit of MSB based on prefixed conditions. It is observed that the capacity and security is improved compared to the existing methods with reasonable PSNR

A magnetic susceptibility study of spin-state transitions in rare-earth trioxocobaltates(III)

Rare-earth trioxocobaltates(III), Ln[CoO3], with Ln=Pr, Nd, Tb, Dy, and Yb exhibit low-spin to high-spin transitions of cobalt characterised by a maximum in the Δχ−1 against temperature plots where Δχ is the cobalt contribution to the magnetic susceptibility. The susceptibility behaviour is distinct from that of La[CoO3] which shows a plateau in the χ−1-T curve accompanied by a structural transition. The temperature at which the Δχ−1-T curve shows a maximum increases with the decrease in the size of the rare-earth ion. The susceptibility behaviour of solid solutions of La1−xNdxCoO3 has been investigated to see how the behaviour characteristic of Nd[CoO3] changes to that of La[CoO3]

DNA polymerase B deficiency is linked to aggressive breast cancer: a comprehensive analysis of gene copy number, mRNA and protein expression in multiple cohorts

Short arm of chromosome 8 is a hot spot for chromosomal breaks, losses and amplifications in breast cancer. Although such genetic changes may have phenotypic consequences, the identity of candidate gene(s) remains to be clearly defined. Pol β gene is localized to chromosome 8p12 - p11 and encodes a key DNA base excision repair protein. Pol β may be a tumour suppressor and involved in breast cancer pathogenesis. We conducted the first and the largest study to comprehensively evaluate pol β in breast cancer. We investigated pol β gene copy number changes in two cohorts (n=128 & n=1952), pol β mRNA expression in two cohorts (n=249 & n=1952) and pol β protein expression in two cohorts (n=1406 & n=252). Artificial neural network analysis for pol β interacting genes was performed in 249 tumours. For mechanistic insights, pol β gene copy number changes, mRNA and protein levels were investigated together in 1 28 tumours and validated in 1952 tumours. Low pol β mRNA expression as well as low pol β protein expression was associated high grade, lymph node positivity, pleomorphism, triple negative, basal - like phenotypes and poor survival (ps<0.001). In oestrogen receptor (ER) positive sub - group that received tamoxifen, low pol β protein remains associated with aggressive phenotype and poor survival (ps<0.001). Artificial neural network analysis revealed ER as a top pol β interacting gene. Mechanistically, there was strong positive correlation between pol β gene copy number changes and pol β mRNA expression (p<0.0000001) and between pol β mRNA and pol β protein expression (p<0.0000001). This is the first study to provide evidence that pol β deficiency is linked to aggressive breast cancer and may have prognostic and predictive significance in patients

COLD STRESS INDUCED MODULATIONS ON ANTIOXIDANT STATUS OF STZ INDUCED DIABETIC FEMALE RAT REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM: A PROTECTIVE ROLE OF TRIBULUS TERRESTRIS FRUIT EXTRACT

Diabetes mellitus induced oxidative stress could lead to the impairment of female reproductive antioxidant defense mechanism and low temperature exposure leads to oxidative stress as well. There is a positive relationship between hypothalamic noradrenergic neuronal activity and blood glucose concentrations under stressful conditions. Treatment of female reproductive disorders using herbal remedies is gaining popularity in human medicine. In light of this, the study was designed to investigate the effectiveness of TTF ethanol extract in STZ-induced diabetic female rat reproductive system exposed to cold stress and to evaluate their therapeutic potential for the treatment of cold stress induced modulations on antioxidant status of DM.&nbsp; Diabetic rats exposed to cold stress by housing in an acute cold stress apparatus at 4±2 °C for 3hrs per day for 7 days later they were supplemented with TTF extract at a dose of 200mg/kgbw. To check the efficacy of TTF on oxidative stress indices in uterus, ovary and oviduct, the animals were sacrificed on the 19th day of TTF extract exposure and subjected to in vivo biochemical and hormonal assays.&nbsp; The findings of this study confirm the deleterious effect of diabetes and cold stress on the reproductive organs weight, antioxidant defense system and hormones of female reproductive organs viz uterus, ovary and oviduct. &nbsp;Supplementation of TTF (200mg/kgbw) extract to diabetic rats exposed to cold stress, the serum glucose levels decreased significantly (P&lt;0.05) and significantly increased the weights of reproductive organs and serum oestrogen, FSH and LH levels when compared with the intoxicated control groups.&nbsp; Diabetes toxicity and cold stress in the female reproductive organs may result in disruption of oxidants and antioxidants balances, which provides a strong coupling of altered equilibrium processes and loss of energy capacity to meet an oxidation challenge. Moreover, exposure to diabetes and cold stress can increase the effects of oxidative stress. Exogenous supplementation of TTF extract has been found to counter free radical generated oxidative stress and to facilitate reduction of the toxic effects induced by diabetes and cold stress, there by strengthening the cellular antioxidant defense and improved reproductive functioning ability

DESIGN AND IN VIVO EVALUATION OF METOPROLOL TARTRATE BILAYER FLOATING TABLETS IN HEALTHY HUMAN VOLUNTEERS

The aim of the present investigation was to prepare bilayer floating tablets of metoprolol tartrate using the combination of superdisintigrants, HPMC K grade polymers and natural polymers like xanthan gum and guar gum by direct compression method. Bilayer floating tablets were prepared using optimized immediate release layer and floating layer as sustained release layer. The physico-chemical characteristics of the prepared tablets were evaluated and found to be satisfactory. All the prepared batches showed in vitro buoyancy. It was observed that the tablets remained buoyant for more than 12 h.  Formulation F7 was selected as best formulation based on the in vitro characteristics and used in vivo radiographic studies by adding barium sulphate. These studies revealed that the tablets remained in the stomach for 210±5.4 min (n=3) in fasting human volunteers. Based on the in vivo performance in healthy subjects, the developed bilayer floating tablets showed superior bioavailability than the marketed tablets, the drug release was up to 12 h in controlled manner. The systemic availability of the best formulation was high after administration to obtain immediate action due to the immediate release layer, from sustained release layer the drug was released in controlled manner. It can be concluded that the best formulation F7 by choosing biphasic drug release pattern in a single dosage form could improve patient compliance and ensure better disease management

Adalimumab induced mononeuritis multiplex in a patient with refractory rheumatoid arthritis: a case report

which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Background: Anti tumor necrosis factor agents are a valuable addition to the armamentarium against rheumatoid arthritis but have some serious side effects which clinicians should be aware about. Case presentation: We present a case of a 54 year old Caucasian male with refractory rheumatoid arthritis who developed mononeuritis multiplex four weeks after starting adalimumab therapy. Conclusion: Complete resolution of neurological and electromyography findings was seen upon stopping therapy. These agents can be a double-edged sword in the management of rheumatological illnesses. Though they help treat refractory disease, their potential side effects can include mononeuritis multiplex which can be recognized by means of clinical features, electromyography and nerve biopsy as depicted in our case. Background Anti tumor necrosis factor (TNF) agents are emerging i

Recent Advances Of Biotechnology In Medicine And Pharmacology

The term Biotechnology in the field of the medicines and pharmacology are very useful for the development and growth in production of medicines and drugs. Its applications in the fields of industries related to the medicine and agriculture are very wide. The development, enhancement, and the usage of modern and innovative techniques, procedures including the production of the personalized medicines and technologies related to CRISPR. The main aim of the present study is to show the role and usage of the innovative and modern approaches that are used by the biotechnology in the fields of the medicine and pharmacology. The collection, gathering, assembling of information and knowledge that are done by using the secondary sources, explaining the importance and benefits of the biotechnology including interpretivism philosophy. Explanation of various analysis that includes the development of various antibiotics, medicines and drugs that are made by the modern biotechnological processes