Analysis of ITU-R Performance and Characterization of Ku Band Satellite Downlink Signals during Rainy Season over Chennai Region of India

In this paper, we present the analysis of Ku band Satellite signal reception during rainy season over Chennai region, India (Latitude: 12° 56' 60 N, Longitude: 80° 7' 60 E). We also examine the effectiveness of International Telecommunication Union – Radio communication (ITU-R) model in predicting the rainfall induced attenuation in Ku band, over this region. An improved Simulink model for Digital Video Broadcast – Satellite (DVB-S2) downlink channel incorporating rain attenuation and Cross Polarization Discrimination (XPD) effects is developed to study the rain attenuation effects, by introducing the experimental data in the ITU-R model pertaining to that region. Based on the improved model, a Monte Carlo simulation of the DVB–S2 signal link is carried out and the performance is analyzed by received constellation and Bit Error Rate (BER) parameters

Minimizing Energy Consumption Using Internet of Things

Now a days using of internet is growing faster. All things are connected using internet. Internet of things means connecting all the devices using internet. These issues become crucial in large scale of IoT environments which are composed of thousands of distributed devices. The more number of distributed systems consumes more amount of energy. This paper is to minimize energy during data transfer and to minimize loss of packets and time delay. In this we are using Ant Colony Optimization algorithm for clustering the data nodes and transferring data with less energy consumption

Effect of Collector Voltage on the Large and Small Signal Modulation Characteristics of 980 nm Transistor Laser

Theoretical analysis of Transistor Laser is carried out and the static and frequency responses for different collector voltages, under common emitter configuration are determined. The threshold current (Ith) is observed as 33mA and it increases linearly with reverse collector to base voltage (VCB). Meanwhile, the output optical power is found to decrease proportionately when VCB is increased. A maximum of 18.7GHz modulation bandwidth is observed when an input base current of 95 mA is applied at a fixed value of VCB (1V). The modulation bandwidth is found to decrease with increase in reverse VCB. The turn on delay increases with collector voltage. However, it decreases with increase in base current

The comparative and prospective study on efficacy and functional outcome of autologous platelet rich plasma injection vs hydrodissection in adhesive capsulitis of shoulder

Background: Adhesive capsulitis of should is also called frozen shoulder which describes a chronic, indolent pathological process in which the body forms excessive adhesions across the glenohumeral joint which in turn leads to pain, stiffness, and loss of range of movements which compromises the quality of life. The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and functional outcome of autologous PRP injection and hydrodissection in adhesive capsulitis of shoulder.Methods: After excluding the patients who failed to satisfy the study protocol, the remaining 100 patients are divided equally into two groups namely group A (n=50) who receive autologous PRP injection and group B (n=50) who receive hydrodissection for adhesive capsulitis of shoulder. Both group participants are followed up pre-procedurally and post-procedurally at the end of 1st, 6th and 12th month for pain relief and range of movements. The improvements in pain and range of movements are charted in terms of VAS and DASH scoring system.Results: The statistical analysis were done for 46 patients in group A and 45 patients in group B which showed a statistical improvement in pain and range of movements (p<0.001 for VAS score and p<0.01 for DASH score) in group A who received autologous platelet rich plasma therapy. Autologous PRP therapy improves the functional quality of life with a long term outcome.Conclusions: For adhesive capsulitis of shoulder, autologous PRP therapy remains functionally superior than hydrodissection as autologous PRP is a constructive procedure by rejuvenating the degenerative tissues.

Gated recurrent unit decision model for device argumentation in ambient assisted living

The increasing elderly population worldwide is facing a variety of social, physical, and cognitive issues, such as walking problems, falls, and difficulties in performing daily activities. To support elderly people, continuous monitoring and supervision are needed. Due to the busy modern lifestyle of caretakers, taking care of elderly people is difficult. As a result, many elderly people prefer to live independently at home without any assistance. To help such people, an ambient assisted living (AAL) environment is provided that monitors and evaluates the daily activities of elderly individuals. An AAL environment has heterogeneous devices that interact, and exchange information of the activities performed by the users. The devices can be involve in an argumentation about the occurrence of an activity thus leading to generate conflicts. To address this issue, the paper proposes a gated recurrent unit (GRU) learning techniques to facilitate decision-making for device argumentation during activity occurrences. The proposed model is used to initially classify user activities and each sensor value status. Then a novel method is used to identify argumentation among devices for activity occurrences in the classified user activities. Later, the GRU decision making model is used to resolve the argumentation and to identify the target activity that occurred. The result of the proposed model is compared with other existing techniques. The proposed model outperformed the other existing methods with an accuracy of 85.45%, precision of 72.32%, recall of 65.83%, and F1-Score of 60.22%

Correlation between Hand Tripod Pinch Grip and Handwriting Quality impact on Academic Performance- A Narrative Review

Background: Hand is an important structure used for reaching, holding object predominantly for that grasp and grip strength particularly tripod pinch grip strength is very essential and handwriting is one of the skilled fine motor movements in that deft handwriting which include particular speed with legible writing product is needed for students especially for their higher grades to achieve their best academic performance. Objective: Deft Handwriting is an essential functional skill that impacts on Academic performance and progress from primary school level to higher grades, mostly assumed that grasp and tripod pinch grip affects legibility, speed, yet research studies examining this relationship as correlation are limited. Method: We used Narrative review methodology to map existing research on tripod pinch grip and handwriting quality from the school-age children to higher grades and to identify gaps in the literature. Results: Ten articles met search criteria and were categorized by grasp patterns which mainly include tripod –dynamic tripod grip strength and handwriting performance in speed and readability and grasp kinetics and handwriting performance. Findings suggest an inefficient grasp can lead to decreased handwriting quality i.e legibility and speed. The current literature is inconclusive and several gaps were identified. Conclusion: Tripod pinch grip strength consider as an important since the thump ,index and middle finger its fine motor action , pressure and force exerted on the pencil since static and dynamic tripod pinch commonly used with students if the student lack of this factor finally end in the low academic performance which affect their higher grades, hence Early Analysis at the primary level and early intervention with maintain the higher grades consider as an essential factor reveals from the article. &nbsp

Different types of Corrective exercises on Correction of Hyper Lumbarlordosis in Females- A Narrative Review

Back ground: Lumbar curvature carries the upper body weight and transfers it directly to the pelvis, which is of great significance. The structures in the lumbar region are one of the factors that affect the lumbar-pelvic balance, as well as the performance of lumbar lordosis and pelvic tilt. Also, weakness of abdominal, dorsal, and lumbar muscles has been considered as the most common factors increasing the lumbar curvature. Excessive lordotic curvature is also called hyperlordosis, hollow back, saddle back and swayback. Common cause of excessive lordosis includes tight low back muscle, excessive visceral fat, and pregnancy. Objectives: This review aimed at finding and analysing different forms of corrective exercises to correct hyper lumbar lordosis in females. Methods: The search was performed through online for English language articles. The databases used were Google ‘corrective exercises’ and ‘lumbar lordosis’. The scientific literature related to physiotherapy management for lumbar lordosis published from 1997 to 2021 was searched. Screening of the reference lists of all the retrieved articles was also done. Through online database search 100 articles were reviewed, 19 articles were included in this study based on predetermined inclusion criteria. Inclusion criteria: Based on gender (only female’s participant’s studies). Participants: Studies had included individuals with hyper lumbar lordosis with pain or without low back pain. Conclusion: 16 articles show Corrective exercises plays a main role in reduction of lumbar lordotic curve and functional disability. With the help of corrective exercises (abdominal muscle strengthening exercises, gluteal strengthening exercises hip flexor stretching exercises, back stretching exercises) can maintain the core stability of spinal extensors and flexors, due to this, spinal curvature can be corrected indirectly and the posture is corrected and the spasm get released, pain will be subsided, finally the quality of life will be improved

Genetic variability studies in F3 generation of mundu chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) for growth, yield and quality

A study was conducted on 16 growth, yield and quality characteristics in the F3 population derived from the Mundu Chilli cross PKM CA 32 x PKM CA 20, encompassing genetic variability, heritability and genetic advancement. The progenies in the population were assessed using 16 parameters, encompassing on aspects such as growth, yield, and quality. The success of varietal improvement relies on the genetic variability in existing material. Assessing the nature and extent of variability in the germplasm stock is a crucial step for effective breeding methods. The study found significant levels of genetic diversity in every trait examined in each progenies in the cross. High GCV and PCV were observed for yield of fruits per plant (both dry and ripe), oleoresin and capsaicin, suggesting greater variability and high heritability estimates with considerable genetic advancement as percentage of mean indicating these traits could increase the fruit yield and quality

Creation of leaderless FMDV replicon for development of replication defective virus (leaderless FMDV): A strategy towards the development of attenuated vaccine with marker facility

26-34Leader protease (Lpro) of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) which is essential for viral replication and pathogenicity in host is found in two forms, Lab and Lb with similar activity but, both differing only at amino-termini with separate initiation codons, 84 nucleotides apart. After translation of the genomic RNA into single polyprotein, the L protease is released autocatalytic from the N terminus and cleaves the p220 subunit of the eukaryotic initiation factor 4F complex resulting in the shut off host protein synthesis, an essential step for viral pathogenicity. We exploited this function for development of attenuated virus by deleting the gene encoding Lb protease from FMDV Asia 1(63/72) cDNA replicon (Joshi et al, 2013) by PCR mutagenesis approach. The deletions and intactness of the frames were confirmed by sequence analysis. P1-2A polyprotein gene of FMDV ‘O’ was inserted into the replicon and the full length construct was studied for virulence to baby hamster kidney (BHK) 21 cells. Vaccinia expressing T7 polymerase was used for in vitro RNA generation and infection. The lower cytopathic effect (cpe) as observed by reduced replication efficiency confirmed the effect of Lb deletion when compared with the construct with no deletion