15 research outputs found
Genetic Variations and Kinship of Coconut Padma (Cocos nucifera, L. 'Padma') in Bali Based on Microsatellite DNA Marker
The Padma coconut is unique coconut that characterised by six sulci on epicarpium. There are four trees were found only at Ngis village in Manggis distric, Karangasem Regency, Bali Province. The research were conducted to chracterised genetics variation and relationship between padma coconut and other coconuts based on DNA microsatellites markers. Samples were collected from 10 trees from Ngis village (Padma, coklat, hijau biasa, hijau steril, bulan, mulung and kapas coconut). Result showed that genetic diversity was accessed by investigating 10 simple squence repeat (SSR) loci, this provided a total of 53 alleles, 25 alelles 1-5 allel on Padma coconut and 38 ranging from 2-7 alleles per locus on the others coconut. Four of 10 loci are monomorphyc (CNZ01, CNZ51, CnCirC3 and WCYZ8635). The mean Polymorphism Information Contents (PIC) ± 0.7035. The mean values of heterozigosity expected (He) and observed heterozigosity (Ho) were 0.461 ± 0.186 and 0.325, respectevely. The trees grouped into three clusters in the dendogram. Cluster 1 consisted of four trees padma coconut. Cluster 2 consisted of three trees (coklat, hijau biasa, and hijau steril coconut). Cluster 3 consisted of three trees (bulan, mulung and kapas coconut). Keywords: Padma Coconut (Cocos nucifera, L. ’Padma’), DNA microsatellite, SSR, Heterozigosity, locu
Pollen Viability and Microspore Culture in Three Broccoli Cultivars (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck)
Broccoli is a high value vegetable crop in Indonesia, however production is low due to limited number of suitable cultivars, so, breeding hybrid broccoli for warm climate is important. The first step in hybridization is providing homozygote parent plants which can be done efficiently via microspore culture. The objectives of this study were to determine 1) bud size that produce uninucleate microspore stage appropriate for culture; 2) pollen viability, 3) microspore development, in three broccoli cultivars (‘BL 10001’, ‘Royal Green’ and ‘Green Magic’). Various bud size (1 – 5 cm) was squashed and observed microscopically to determine bud size containing uninucleate microspore. Pollen viability was determined by IKI staining and pollen germination method. Chromosome number was counted on root tips using squash method with aceto-orcein stain. Various heat treatment schemes were conducted to induce microspreo development. Result showed uninucleate microspore derived from 2-3 mm and 3-4 mm bud length of ‘BL-10001’ and ‘Royal Green’ was responsive for microspore development in culture. Pollen viability varied among cultivars, 78-87% on IKI method and 15-16% on germination test. Microspore culture showed different embryogenesis response; pollen-like structure was produced by ‘BL 10001’
ANALISIS KEKERABATAN BEBERAPA TANAMAN MANGGA (Mangifera spp.) BERDASARKAN KARAKTERISTIK MORFOLOGI DAN ANATOMI DAUN
ABSTRSAtuCdTy was aimed to explore the characteristics of morphological, anatomical, and phylogenetic relationship between some
types of mango (Mangifera sp.). Research conducted in Structures Laboratory of Plant Development Department of Biological
Science, University of Udayana from April 2015 - July 2015. Samples were taken from three districts in Bali, that Denpasar, Gianyar
and Badung. Ten species of plants of mango (Mangifera indica : ‘poh arum manis’, ‘poh bukit’, ‘poh gedang’, ‘poh madu’, ‘poh apel’,
‘poh golek’, ‘poh sambuk’, ‘poh bali’, ‘poh manalagi’) and Wani (Mangifera caesia.) shows the character of morphology and anatomy
of leaves varies as well as the analysis of kinship showed ten types of mangoes grouped into two major groups based on the degree of
similarity. Fenogram shows the level of similarity of the ten types of mangoes in Bali grouped (cluster) into two: group I ‘poh arum
manis’, ‘poh bukit’, ‘poh gedang’, ‘poh bali’, ‘poh apel’, and group II, namely ‘poh madu’, ‘wani’, ‘poh golek’, ‘poh sambuk’, ‘poh
manalagi’ where two clusters have a degree of similarity ? 63.91%
Potensi Inokulasi Jamur Trichoderma viride dan Glomus sp. Terhadap Produktivitas Capsicum annuum L
Cabai rawit (Capsicum annuum) merupakan komoditi pertanian yang digunakan dalam berbagai jenis produk makanan. Pemanfaatan pupuk anorganik berdampak buruk terhadap lingkungan sehingga diperlukan agen hayati, seperti Trichoderma viride dan fungi mikoriza arbuskula (FMA) untuk memperbaiki kondisi tanah. Tujuan penelitian ini mengobservasi pemberian kombinasi T. viride dan FMA Glomus sp. Terhadap produksi cabai rawit serta mengetahui dosis kombinasi optimum dalam meningkatkan produktivitas cabai rawit. Penelitian dilakukan di laboratorium Taksonomi Tumbuhan/Mikologi dan green house Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan lima perlakuan yaitu (A) tanah steril (Kontrol negatif); (B) tanah steril dan 50 spora Glomus sp.; (C) tanah steril dan 2 g pupuk anorganik CPN15-0-14 KNO3 Merah; (D) tanah steril, 5 mL T. viride dan 50 spora Glomus sp.; (E) tanah steril, 10 mL T. viride dan 50 spora Glomus sp. Setiap perlakuan memiliki lima ulangan yang terdiri dari tiga unit tanaman. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah buah, berat basah dan berat kering buah, berat kering tajuk, berat kering akar dan infeksi FMA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan pupuk anorganik menghasilkan nilai tertinggi pada hampir seluruh parameter yang diamati kecuali pada persentase kolonisasi FMA. Perlakuan E menunjukkan hasil yang lebih optimum dalam produksi cabai rawit meski belum mampu menandingi pupuk anorganik.Cabai rawit (Capsicum annuum) merupakan komoditi pertanian yang digunakan dalam berbagai jenis produk makanan. Pemanfaatan pupuk anorganik berdampak buruk terhadap lingkungan sehingga diperlukan agen hayati, seperti Trichoderma viride dan fungi mikoriza arbuskula (FMA) untuk memperbaiki kondisi tanah. Tujuan penelitian ini mengobservasi pemberian kombinasi T. viride dan FMA Glomus sp. Terhadap produksi cabai rawit serta mengetahui dosis kombinasi optimum dalam meningkatkan produktivitas cabai rawit. Penelitian dilakukan di laboratorium Taksonomi Tumbuhan/Mikologi dan green house Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan lima perlakuan yaitu (A) tanah steril (Kontrol negatif); (B) tanah steril dan 50 spora Glomus sp.; (C) tanah steril dan 2 g pupuk anorganik CPN15-0-14 KNO3 Merah; (D) tanah steril, 5 mL T. viride dan 50 spora Glomus sp.; (E) tanah steril, 10 mL T. viride dan 50 spora Glomus sp. Setiap perlakuan memiliki lima ulangan yang terdiri dari tiga unit tanaman. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah buah, berat basah dan berat kering buah, berat kering tajuk, berat kering akar dan infeksi FMA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan pupuk anorganik menghasilkan nilai tertinggi pada hampir seluruh parameter yang diamati kecuali pada persentase kolonisasi FMA. Perlakuan E menunjukkan hasil yang lebih optimum dalam produksi cabai rawit meski belum mampu menandingi pupuk anorganik
EMBRIOGENESIS PADA TANAMAN TEBU (Saccharum sp.) VARIETAS BULULAWANG DENGAN TEKNIK KULTUR MIKROSPORA
Tanaman tebu adalah keluarga poace yang berpotensi menghasilkan nilai ekonomi tinggi karena manfaatnya sebagai produk unggulan dalam menghasilkan gula serta bioetanol yang banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat luas. Untuk itu perlu upaya pemuliaan tanaman yang cepat untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pasar. Teknik kultur mikrospora merupakan aplikasi bioteknologi yang efisien dalam menghasilkan tanaman haploid. Teknik ini belum berhasil diaplikasikan pada tanaman tebu sehingga dalam penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memicu embriogenesis mikrospora tebu dengan aplikasi kultur mikrospora pada varietas bululawang. Metode yang digunakan yaitu dengan stress perlakukan perendaman mannitol 0.3M sebelum isolasi kultur pada lama perendaman yang berbeda. Analisis data menggunakan uji anova dan uji duncan. Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu Perlakuan stress yang diberikan berhasil memicu embriogenesis mikrospora dengan lama perendaman anther optimum pada 7 hari pada mannitol 0.3
PEMBENTUKAN KALUS, TUNAS DAN AKAR PADA KULTUR ANGGUR BALI (Vitis vinifera cv Alphonse Lavallee) DENGAN PEMBERIAN NAA dan BAP
Anggur Bali (Vitis vinifera L. cv Alphonse Lavallee) merupakan salah satu tanaman buah yang banyak dibudidayakan di Kabupaten Buleleng, Bali. Kebutuhan akan bibit anggur Bali cukup tinggi, sehingga diperlukan teknik perbanyakan yang dapat menghasilkan bibit dalam jumlah besar. Salah satu teknik yang dapat digunakan adalah kultur jaringan tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis respon eksplan cabang yang masih muda terhadap zat pengatur tumbuh (ZPT) NAA dan BAP pada kultur Anggur Bali. Cabang tanaman anggur yang masih muda diambil dari salah satu perkebunan Anggur Bali di Kecamatan Seririt, Kabupaten Buleleng, Bali. Dilakukan sterilisasi eksplan dan ditanam pada medium MS dengan penambahan zat pengatur tumbuh NAA dan BAP dalam beberapa kombinasi. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap pembentukan kalus, tunas dan akar. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pembentukan kalus, tunas dan akar Anggur Bali dengan teknik kultur jaringan dipengaruhi oleh zat pengatur tumbuh NAA dan BAP. Persentase tertinggi kultur yang membentuk kalus terjadi pada penambahan 1,5 mg/L NAA dan 2 mg/L BAP, tetapi skor kalus yang terbentuk tertinggi pada kombinasi 1 mg/L NAA dengan 4 mg/L BAP dan kombinasi 1,5 mg/L NAA dengan 4 mg/L BAP. Tunas terbentuk pada perlakuan 4 mg/L BAP tanpa NAA dan perlakuan 1 mg/L NAA dengan 4 mg/l BAP. Persentase kultur yang membentuk akar dan jumlah akar terbanyak terjadi pada pemberian kombinasi 1 mg/L NAA dengan 2 mg/L BAP. Perubahan kecil pada konsentrasi ZPT mengakibatkan perubahan respon tanaman, sehingga penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk mendapatkan kombinasi dan konsentrasi ZPT yang tepat untuk menghasilkan plantlet dalam jumlah besar. 
CA2+ INTRASELULER TERLIBAT DALAM MEKANISME PEMBUKAAN STOMATA AKIBAT PENGARUH AUXIN
Research was done to elucidate the role of Ca2+ intracellular in stomatal movement induced by auxin. Two types of auxin (IAA and NAA) increased stomatal opening and the increase was concentration dependent. The addition of EGTA, Ruthenium red and Procaine as the modulator of Ca2+ concentration , inhibited stomatal opening induced by auxin. EGTA and procaine significantly inhibited somatal opening at 100 uM and 1 mM. Ruthenium red worked at lower concentrations which were 10 uM, 50 uM and 100 uM on LAA-induced stomatal opening, while on NAA-induced stomatal opening, Ruthenium red had an effect at 10 uM, 50 uM, 100 uM dan 1 mM. It is suggested that Ca2+ involves in stomatal opening induced by LAA and NAA as signaling agent
PENGARUH SUHU DAN LAMA PENYIMPANAN TERHADAP KANDUNGAN VITAMIN C PADA CABAI RAWIT PUTIH (CAPSICUM FRUSTESCENS)
The effect of temperature and length of storage on vitamin C concentration of chili (Capsicum frustescens) was observed on this study. Samples were taken from farmer’s field around Gianyar Regency of Bali. The chilies were treated with temperature such as 10ºC, 20ºC, and 29ºC (room temperature) and stored for 5, 10, and 15 days. Jacobs method was applied for vitamin C determination. The highest vitamin C content was obtain from control (59,9 mg/100 ml). On the other hand, the lowest was from chili that stored at room temperature for 15 days (23,6 mg/100 ml). For weight loss, the highest of loss was from chili which stored at room temperature for 15 days
KANDUNGAN GULA TEREDUKSI DAN VITAMIN C DALAM BUAH PISANG NANGKA (Musa paradisiaca forma typica) SETELAH PEMERAMAN DENGAN ETHREL DAN DAUN TANAMAN
longer than other bananas and the availability is limited. One way to accelerate the availability of banana is by treating it naturaly and
chemical. How to do in determining the ripeness of bananas as morphological and chemical analysis.The objectives of this study were
to explore the utilization of Gliricidia sepium leaf, cocoa leaf, banana leaf and ethylene and the duration of treatment to the maturity
level of Musa paradisiaca forma typica, vitamin C, vitamin A, reducing sugar content as well as ripening time and rotting. Completely
Randomized Design was used with 2 factors, the duration of curing with 3 treatments ie L1 (curing for 3 days), L2 (curing for 6 days)
and L3 (curing for 9 days) and type of calibration method used was C0 (control), C1 (curing with ethylene 0,5%), C2 (curing with
banana leaf), C3 (curing with Gliricidia sepium leaf) and C4 (curing with cocoa leaf) . Each treatment combination was repeated 4
times with 3 experimental units. The results showed that curing with cocoa leaves and 0.5% ethylene affected banana maturity.
Ethylene (0.5%) increase the maturation score and vitamin C. Cocoa increased maturation score, reducing sugar and vitamin C
content. The longer the curing the more increase the maturation score and increase the reducing sugar content.
Keywords: Musa paradisiaca forma typica, ethylene, cocoa leaf, banana leaf, G. sepium lea