Children, vulnerability and educative practices

Objective: To describe an educational practice based diagnosis of vulnerabilities, aimed at decision making regarding the health of the individuals involved. Method: The methodological approach involved four distinct steps: negotiation with the practice field, ambiencing, data collection and the development of educational practice. Results: The diagnosis of their vulnerability, concerning, among others, the nutritional deficit, permitted to establish the following nursing action: to dialogue with the children, in order to strengthen the pre-existing knowledge about healthy eating. Conclusion: The achievement of educational practice, related to vulnerability diagnosis and supported by the concept of health promotion, requires an approach that considers objective and subjective aspects of living of the population subject of attention

Fatores de riscos para distúrbios osteomusculares relacionados ao trabalho - DORT em profissionais de enfermagem

O estudo objetivou identificar e analisar artigos científicos referentes aos fatores de riscos para lesão por esforço repetitivo ou distúrbios osteomusculares relacionados ao trabalho (LER/DORT) em trabalhadores de enfermagem. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de revisão de literatura. Foram selecionados artigos produzidos no período de 2001 e 2011, disponíveis nas seguintes bases de dados: LILACS, SCIELO e BDENF, a partir dos descritores: transtornos traumáticos cumulativos, riscos ocupacionais, saúde do trabalhador e enfermagem. Emergindo as seguintes temáticas: as condições de trabalho e os fatores de risco ocupacionais no trabalho dos profissionais de enfermagem. Devido as condições de trabalho exaustivas e inadequadas, concluímos que os trabalhador de enfermagem estão vulneráveis as LER/DORT, sendo preciso realizar trabalhos de prevenção e promoção da saúde do trabalhador, diagnóstico precoce e tratamento para os já acometidos por essas injúrias

Risk factors for arbovirus infections in a low-income community of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2015-2016.

BACKGROUND:Dengue epidemics have occurred in the city of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) since 1986. In the year 2015, Zika and chikungunya viruses were introduced in the city, causing sequential and simultaneous epidemics. Poor socioeconomic conditions have been suggested as contributing factors of arboviral infection. OBJECTIVE:To describe the spatial distribution of human cases of symptomatic arboviral infections and to identify risk factors for infection in a poor community of Rio de Janeiro in the years 2015 and 2016. METHODS:We built thematic maps of incidence rates for 78 micro-areas in the Manguinhos neighborhood. The micro-areas congregate about 600 inhabitants. Simple and multiple multilevel logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between the incidence of arboviral diseases and socio-demographic factors at both the individual and micro-area levels. RESULTS:From 2015 to 2016, 370 human cases of arbovirus infection were reported in the Manguinhos community: 123 in 2015 and 247 in 2016. There was a significant difference in the risk of arbovirus diseases among different micro-areas, but this was not explained by water and sanitation indicators. The cumulative incidence rate was 849/100,000 in two years. The incidence was greater in those individuals with familiar vulnerability (1,156/100,000 vs. 794/100,000). The multilevel adjusted model showed that the odds of acquiring an arbovirus infection was 55% greater in those with familiar vulnerability. CONCLUSION:Arbovirus infections cause a high burden of disease in Brazilian urban centers. Our results suggest that even in poor neighborhoods, there is a high spatial variability in the risk of acquiring an arbovirus infection. The conditions that favor vector proliferation and infection by arboviruses are complex and involve both individual and environmental characteristics that vary from place to place. To reduce the burden of arboviral diseases, continued public health policies and basic services should be provided to the communities at risk that consider specific local needs

Location of the study area (Manguinhos community) in Brazil according to its state and city.

<p>Location of the study area (Manguinhos community) in Brazil according to its state and city.</p

Distribution of the human cases of arbovirus infection (dengue, Zika and chikunguya) in the micro-areas of a low-income community of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil).

<p>FIOCRUZ = Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (institution of science and technology in health); Refinery: oil refinery; Shelter = Shelter for the elderly.</p

Distribution of arbovirus infection rate (dengue, Zika and chikunguya) in the micro-areas of a low-income community, Rio de Janeiro (Brazil).

<p>FIOCRUZ = Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (institution of science and technology in health); Refinery: oil refinery; Shelter = Shelter for the elderly.</p

Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios and 95 confidence intervals for a set of factors associated with arbovirus infection, 2015–2016.

<p>Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios and 95 confidence intervals for a set of factors associated with arbovirus infection, 2015–2016.</p

Random effects, standard errors and intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) at meso and micro-areas of a low-income community of Rio de Janeiro city.

<p>Random effects, standard errors and intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) at meso and micro-areas of a low-income community of Rio de Janeiro city.</p

Distribution of the scores of the adapted Family Risk Scale.

<p>Distribution of the scores of the adapted Family Risk Scale.</p