Estratégia de Suprimentos: Um Quase Experimento Sobre Quantidade e Localização dos Fornecedores

Objective: Evaluate the impact of a second supply source on price, quality and stock levels at the purchasing company. Relevance: The supply strategy defines how many suppliers an item should have and where it should be located. If working with a single supplier may bring relational benefits, working with multiple sources may reduce opportunism risks. If a local supplier reaps benefits on account of its proximity, a global supplier may result in lower costs. Methodology: The quasi-experimental method was used to follow-up a purchasing policy change at an auto parts company, which took on a second supply source for low complexity items. The research collected data on costs, quality and stock coverage for 1,480 items between 2007 and 2012, analysing new supplier’s entrance and location. Results: Introducing a second supplier reduced the price, especially when a new international supplier was introduced. Decreases in quality or increases in stock coverage were not observed.Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto da entrada de uma segunda fonte de fornecimento no preço, na qualidade e nos níveis de estoque da empresa compradora. Relevância: A estratégia de suprimentos define quantos fornecedores um item deve ter e qual deve ser a sua localização. Trabalhar com um fornecedor traz benefícios relacionais; trabalhar com múltiplas fontes reduz riscos de oportunismo. Um fornecedor local alavanca benefícios pela proximidade; um global resulta em menores custos. Metodologia: O método quase experimental foi usado para acompanhar a alteração da política de compras de uma empresa de autopeças, que passou a adotar uma segunda fonte de suprimentos. A pesquisa coletou dados de custo, qualidade e tempo de cobertura de estoque para 1480 itens entre 2007 e 2012, analisando a entrada de novo fornecedor e sua localização. Resultados: A adoção de um segundo fornecedor reduziu o preço, principalmente na inserção de novo fornecedor internacional. Não foi observada piora da qualidade ou cobertura de estoques

A Influência dos Aspectos Sociais na Competitividade das Redes Interorganizacionais: a Experiência da Rede dos Exportadores de Frango Halal Brasileiro

Inter-organizational networks are groups of legally independent organizations working together to achieve both their individual goals to the collective goals of the group. The focus of this research is the influence of social aspects on the competitiveness of inter-organizational networks, and the aim is to identify the contribution of the social aspects (strategy group, trust, commitment and cooperation) to the competitiveness of the network. It is about a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive study, through the case study of a single network of Brazilian poultry exporters of Halal. Primary data were collected through semi-structured interviews, in addition, the information obtained from these interviews were checked with information from other secondary sources such as reports and institutional materials. The results indicated that these social aspects are complementary and collaborate for a more competitive network. The contribution of this research indicates the existence of complementarities of the categories, wherein a positively reinforces the presence of another network.Redes interorganizacionais são grupos de organizações legalmente independentes que atuam em conjunto para alcançar seus objetivos individuais simultaneamente aos objetivos coletivos do grupo. O objeto de estudo desta pesquisa é a influência dos aspectos sociais na competitividade de redes interorganizacionais, e o objetivo é a identificação da contribuição dos aspectos sociais (estratégia de grupo, confiança, comprometimento e cooperação) para a competitividade da rede. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, de natureza exploratória e descritiva, realizada por meio do estudo de caso único da rede dos exportadores de frango Halal brasileiro. Os dados primários foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, além disso, as informações obtidas por meio dessas entrevistas foram checadas com informações de outras fontes secundárias, como relatórios e materiais institucionais. Os resultados indicaram que esses aspectos sociais são complementares e colaboram para uma maior competitividade da rede. A contribuição desta pesquisa aponta a existência da complementaridade das categorias, em que uma reforça positivamente a presença da outra na rede

Knowledge effect on firm performance in manufacturing and service firms

This thesis seeks to examine the difference between manufacturing and service firms with respect to the effects of knowledge on performance, and the influence of market turbulence in this relationship. Empirical data, resulting from a survey, was collected from more than 1,206 firms, involving several sectors. Two samples were analyzed, one with 334 manufacturing and other with 509 service firms. The findings indicate no significant difference in the importance of knowledge on performance between these sectors in the absence of market turbulence: knowledge development (KD) has a stronger effect than culture of competitiveness (CC) on firm performance. However, under market turbulence, manufacturers differ from service providers. The positive effect of KD is enhanced, while the positive effect of CC remains the same for manufacturing firms. On the other hand, the positive effect of KD is diminished, while the positive effect of CC is enhanced for service firms. This supports the argument concerning differences in the nature of manufacturing and service industries. From a managerial point of view, results confirm the importance of knowledge, irrespective of firm sector or market turbulence. However, while industrial firms should center efforts on KD, service firms must find a balance where knowledge development (e.g. norms, processes, routines) does not impair their culture of competitiveness (e.g. learning, innovation, action). The thesis contributes to existing literature by proposing that: (1) the positive effect of knowledge on performance is confirmed; (2) under turbulent markets manufacturing and service firms have different responses concerning the influence of knowledge on performance; (3) a multidimensional performance construct based on cost, profitability, and growth is an interesting way to evaluate firm sustained competitive advantage, rather than one-dimensional constructs; (4) the CC x KD interaction, found relevant for supply chains in previous studies, is not supported for firms; (5) differences in unit of analysis, e.g. from supply chains to firms, result in different effects of KD and CC on firm performance; (6) existing scales can be improved with the addition of more diverse indicators, capturing a wider range of concepts (e.g. information transfer measurement); and (7) results from previous studies are supported for Brazilian firms, contributing for theory generalization

Um modelo conceitual para o processo de transferência do conhecimento em cluster

Na transferência do conhecimento entre organizações inseridas em clusters, há fatores que podem inibir ou facilitar esse processo, levando a uma melhor gestão, melhorando e facilitando o fluxo entre os participantes. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar um modelo conceitual para estudo do processo de transferência do conhecimento em cluster, identificando fatores que influenciam este processo. Este trabalho propõe um estudo exploratório, conceitual, a partir de um estudo bibliográfico com coleta e análise de dados secundários, decorrentes de publicações científicas, desenvolvida a partir de artigos de periódicos de 2011 a 2016 sobre transferência do conhecimento, redes e cluster. Verificou-se que a transferência do conhecimento sofre a influência de diferentes fatores, que podem impactar esse processo, na medida em que organizações inseridas em cluster têm dimensões distintas, tais como cooperação, relação com instituições de apoio, mobilidade da força de trabalho e proximidade espacial. Foram delineados quatro pressupostos e fatores que facilitam ou inibem a transferência do conhecimento entre organizações, que podem orientar os estudos sobre clusters, tendo assim uma contribuição conceitual e metodológica. Como contribuição prática gerencial, essa base pode orientar gestores em estratégias que visem explorar o potencial dos clusters

Excellence management model assessment in a car dealer

This paper explores the evaluation of performance and quality management in a car dealer. The evaluation is based on the Excellence Model in Management criteria from the FNQ Foundation, measured through a self assessment of the firm operations and procedures. The analysis of the responses result in a reference score, and stimulates the development of ideas and directives to enhance each criteria

INNOVATION IN A RELIGIOUS ENVIRONMENT: ESTABLISHING AN INTER-ORGANIZATIONAL NETWORK ORIENTED TO THE ISLAMIC MARKET

<div><p>ABSTRACT Purpose: Understand the generation of innovation in a religious environment subject to the requirements of Islamic precepts. Brazil stands out in terms of its exports to the Middle East, particularly for items such as Halal chicken, produced according to Islamic precepts. For such business to be viable, an innovative network has emerged, with actors organizing their activities around religious precepts. Originality/gap/relevance/implications: Management of business product and processes is preponderantly oriented towards efficiency and productivity (e.g. cost reduction). Notwithstanding, they must comply to additional demands in supply networks where religion plays a major role. Key methodological aspects: Documentary research, exploratory interviews with key respondents at the strategic level, non-participant observation of workplaces and production lines. Summary of key results: Actors are linked to the network by a common goal, both economic and social, mobilized by institutionalized rules and religious principles in the network. Product and process changes are subject to compulsory religious rules, and no change may occur if not aligned to ancient practiced beliefs. Key considerations/conclusions: Knowledge transfer and innovation are intertwined with religious rules, guiding product and process changes for both Muslim and non-Muslim network actors. New business approaches, however great their benefits in terms of productivity and conferring excellence, need the approval of religious leaders who interpret such innovation, judging the case for acceptance based on the precepts of the Qur'an, i.e. whether the practice is lawful or Halal.</p></div

The Influence of Social Aspects on Competitiviness of the Inter Organizational Networks: the Experience of the Network of Brazilian Halal Poultry Exporters

Inter-organizational networks are groups of legally independent organizations working together to achieve both their individual goals to the collective goals of the group. The focus of this research is the influence of social aspects on the competitiveness of inter-organizational networks, and the aim is to identify the contribution of the social aspects (strategy group, trust, commitment and cooperation) to the competitiveness of the network. It is about a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive study, through the case study of a single network of Brazilian poultry exporters of Halal. Primary data were collected through semi-structured interviews, in addition, the information obtained from these interviews were checked with information from other secondary sources such as reports and institutional materials. The results indicated that these social aspects are complementary and collaborate for a more competitive network. The contribution of this research indicates the existence of complementarities of the categories, wherein a positively reinforces the presence of another network