A duty or a joy? An interpretive phenomenological analysis of EMDR therapists’ experience of Continuing Professional Development (CPD); and what they think they need to know

This research set out to explore the experience of EMDR therapists in undertaking Continuing Professional Development (CPD) events and what knowledge they believe they need to acquire beyond standard training. 12 Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) practitioners were interviewed about their training, their CPD experience and the extent to which they plan this, along with what they think practitioners need to know. Of the 12 interviewees, four were trained but not accredited practitioners, four were accredited and four were consultants. They were asked what other information they believe they need, and what they think about the idea of a structured programme of CPD. Semi-structured interviews of between an hour and an hour and a half were conducted and recorded. Data were analysed using Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) (Smith et al., 2009). Ten themes were identified. Results indicate that the practitioners interviewed do largely benefit from and enjoy their CPD, finding it largely a joy rather than a duty, although there were some elements of the latter. Most participants in the study were not making a specific CPD plan and may possibly benefit from doing so: the themes around what they believe an EMDR therapist needs to know encompassed both technical knowledge and beliefs around the therapeutic relationship. The results indicate some criticism of current structures of training and CPD. There were varying responses to the idea of a structured programme of CPD, and to the personal development plan discussed. Products from the research include a CPD course, a Conference presentation and a new Personal and Professional Development Plan

Mitochondrial DNA Diversity of Saint Vincent and Trinidad and Its Implications for Caribbean Settlement History

ABSTRACT European colonization of the Americas had profound impacts on the indigenous peoples of the Caribbean Basin. The indigenous communities of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Trinidad and Tobago, two island nations of the Caribbean Lesser Antilles, endured a European colonial presence for just shy of 500 years. Today, analysis of mitochondrial DNA can help paint a better portrait of pre-Columbian indigenous peoples, including their settlement of the Caribbean Basin and their resistance to European colonialism. To further explore these issues, we conducted analysis of genetic variation in two indigenous communities, the Garifuna of Saint Vincent and the First Peoples’ Community (FPC) of Trinidad. Benn Torres et al. (2015) published their analyses of 65 participants’ samples from both St. Vincent and Trinidad, which were collected during the first of two research expeditions to the islands. For this paper, we analyzed an additional 83 participant samples that were collected during a subsequent research expedition to the region. The results of this study confirmed several trends observed by Benn Torres et al. (2015), namely, that the predominate haplogroups represented by Trinidadian and Vincentian samples are A2 and C1, and that these and other observed haplogroups corroborate historical events or periods. Haplogroups previously unseen in these populations, including indigenous haplogroups B2 and D1 and certain South Asian haplogroups, were also observed, thus adding genetic evidence of a complex history of migration to and admixture within the region. This work thus complements and extends earlier research on genetic diversity in the Lesser Antilles, as well as illuminates the resistance and survival of indigenous Caribbean peoples before, during, and after European colonization and the African Diaspora

Preschool Teachers\u27 Perceptions of Obesity at Ages 3-5 Years

The purpose of this study was not only to investigate the knowledge of preschool teachers on the topic of obesity, but also to determine whether or not they find obesity to be a significant problem facing 3-5 year old children. Results indicate that preschool teachers agree that obesity is a concern; however, they are unclear on the causality of obesity. Preschool teachers feel the long-term consequences of being obese at ages 3-5 years affect future academic, social, and physical growth, but they do not feel intervention should take place at the preschool level. This study contributed to a better understanding of the current knowledge that preschool teachers hold on the topic of obesity. This information could be used for future teacher training and for intervention school-based programs

Nothing Can Reduce Everything

Vacuum bubbles formed within turbulent fluids possess unimaginable capability for rapidly reducing materials. Thew violent collapse of these bubbles (cavitation) is unavoidable in floods, and rampant cavitation during the historical flood explains how portions of the geologic column could have been formed within minimum time

Academic practice par excellence: Martin Hinrich Lichtenstein’s role in Adelbert von Chamisso’s career as naturalist

Adelbert von Chamisso’s (1781–1838) career as a naturalist is increasingly well-documented. Comparatively little, however, is known of his mentor and director of the Berlin Zoological Museum, Martin Hinrich Lichtenstein (1780–1857). This article highlights Lichtenstein’s influential role in Chamisso’s early career by reconstructing key moments of the student-mentor relationship from twelve yet unpublished letters (letters are presented in full in a separate contribution). It investigates the resources, rhetorical strategies, and allies necessary for establishing oneself as a scholar in the early nineteenth-century academic culture of Berlin.Peer Reviewe

Teaching English in the United States: Looking Back and Moving Forward towards a Brighter Future

This article provides a historical overview of English language instruction in the United States as well as a spectrum of the current models used in schools. From subtractive methods to additive approaches, the benefits of each are explored. This work highlights the rapidly expanding movement towards Dual Language instruction for English language learners, and the advantages it brings to students, schools and the community. The authors examine future considerations for Dual Language programming and the escalating need for these qualified and specialized educators

WANMA: The Western Australian New Music Archive

In 2013, Edith Cowan University partnered with The State Library of Western Australia, The National Library of Australia, Western Australian music advocacy body Tura New Music, The National Library of Australia and ABC Classic FM on the Western Australian New Music Archive (WANMA), an online archive of Western Australian music from 1970 to the present day. This paper discusses the initial phases of the project and the challenges inherent in creating a digital archive that includes materials which reflect contemporary recognition of improvisation and sound art as composition, recordings as an alternative score, and video as an important documentation device for sound art and installations. Complex copyright and intellectual property issues are also being addressed, as is the future of the archive beyond its period of project funding