Controle Glicêmico na Atenção Primária: Avaliação das práticas e resultados nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde

Glycemic control in primary care is essential for the effective management of diabetes mellitus. In Basic Health Units (UBS), the evaluation of practices and results is fundamental to ensure the quality of care provided to patients. Early detection, appropriate treatment, and promotion of lifestyle changes are key elements in preventing complications related to hyperglycemia. Challenges such as patients' lack of adherence to treatment and social and cultural barriers require a patient-centered approach and ongoing training for healthcare professionals. The integration of multidisciplinary teams and the use of innovative technologies are also important to improve glycemic control outcomes.O controle glicêmico na atenção primária é essencial para o manejo eficaz do diabetes mellitus. Nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS), a avaliação das práticas e resultados é fundamental para garantir a qualidade dos cuidados prestados aos pacientes. A detecção precoce, o tratamento adequado e a promoção de mudanças no estilo de vida são elementos-chave para prevenir complicações relacionadas à hiperglicemia. Desafios como a falta de adesão dos pacientes ao tratamento e as barreiras sociais e culturais exigem uma abordagem centrada no paciente e a capacitação contínua dos profissionais de saúde. A integração de equipes multidisciplinares e o uso de tecnologias inovadoras também são importantes para melhorar os resultados do controle glicêmico

Revisão Sistemática sobre Cefaleia em Salvas: Explorando as Correlações com Variáveis Ambientais e Genética

Introduction: Cluster headache, a form of headache characterized by acute and intense episodes of unilateral pain, often accompanied by autonomic symptoms, has been the focus of considerable attention in the fields of neurology and genetics.Methodology: This systematic literature review was conducted with the aim of exploring the correlations between cluster headache and environmental and genetic variables, employing a rigorous and comprehensive approach to identify relevant studies in the scientific literature. The methodology adheres to recommended guidelines for systematic reviews, prioritizing the inclusion of studies published between 2013 and 2023, with access to the full text.Results: It is crucial to recognize that the genetic pattern of cluster headache does not present itself univocally, revealing a multifactorial complexity in its etiology. While genetic factors may confer predisposition, their clinical expression appears to be modulated by environmental influences. Studies exploring the interactions between genes and the environment have focused on understanding how extrinsic factors, such as exposure to certain environmental stimuli, can modulate genetic activity and play a role in triggering cluster headache episodes.Conclusion: Cluster headache represents a unique and challenging neurological condition that continues to intrigue healthcare professionals and researchers. Its distinctive feature of intense pain, accompanied by autonomic symptoms, adds to the complexity of the clinical picture.Introdução: A cefaleia em salvas, uma forma de dor de cabeça caracterizada por episódios agudos e intensos de dor unilateral, frequentemente acompanhada de sintomas autonômicos, tem sido objeto de considerável atenção no campo da neurologia e da genética. Metodologia: Esta revisão sistemática da literatura foi conduzida com o objetivo de explorar as correlações entre a cefaleia em salvas e variáveis ambientais e genéticas, utilizando uma abordagem rigorosa e abrangente para identificar estudos relevantes na literatura científica. A metodologia obedece às diretrizes recomendadas para revisões sistemáticas, priorizando a inclusão de estudos previstos entre 2013 e 2023, com acesso ao texto completo. Resultado: É crucial reconhecer que o padrão genético da cefaleia em salvas não se apresenta de maneira unívoca, revelando uma complexidade multifatorial em sua etiologia. Ainda que fatores genéticos possam conferir uma predisposição, sua expressão clínica parece ser modulada por influências ambientais. Estudos explorando as interações entre genes e ambiente têm se dedicado a compreender como fatores extrínsecos, como expor certos estímulos ambientais, podem modular a atividade genética e desempenhar um papel no desencadeamento de episódios de cefaléia em salvas. Conclusão: A cefaleia em salvas representa uma condição neurológica singular e desafiadora que continua a intrigar profissionais da saúde e pesquisadores. Sua característica distintiva de dor intensa, acompanhada por sintomas autonômicos, contribui para a complexidade do quadro clínico

Amazon energy cultures and the transition to sustainability

Around a quarter of a million people living in remote communities in the Amazon are not connected to Brazil’s national electricity grid. For researchers and policymakers, the matter of energy access in such contexts has recently shifted to questions of “energy resilience,” which refers to community adaptation to energy absence, volatility, or failure. Using a combination of quantitative and qualitative techniques during fieldwork in forest communities in Ilha das Onças, in the state of Pará, Brazil, our team attempted to gain a better view of their “energy resilience” through everyday engagements with energy sources and policies. In theory, policies such as “Light for All” (Luz para Todos) and “More Light for Amazonia” (Mais Luz para a Amazônia), which attempt to provide universal access to electricity, should serve these communities. In practice, our researchers found that these initiatives fail to fully access these remote settlements which, for various reasons, predominantly use small fossil-fuel-powered generators. In other global contexts, individual systems or microgrids powered by solar photovoltaics have proved to be promising alternatives. To promote resilient energy cultures, we recommend more collaborative energy governance, with the active participation of residents in knowledge production and decision-making, as opposed to the top-down forms of centralized governance that characterize current policies for the supply of electricity in remote areas such as Amazonia and beyond

Synthetic Derivatives against Wild-Type and Non-Wild-Type <i>Sporothrix brasiliensis</i>: In Vitro and In Silico Analyses

Recently, the well-known geographically wide distribution of sporotrichosis in Brazil, combined with the difficulties of effective domestic feline treatment, has emphasized the pressing need for new therapeutic alternatives. This work considers a range of synthetic derivatives as potential antifungals against Sporothrix brasiliensis isolated from cats from the hyperendemic Brazilian region. Six S. brasiliensis isolates from the sporotrichotic lesions of itraconazole responsive or non-responsive domestic cats were studied. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of three novel hydrazone derivatives and eleven novel quinone derivatives were determined using the broth microdilution method (M38-A2). In silico tests were also used to predict the pharmacological profile and toxicity parameters of these synthetic derivatives. MICs and MFCs ranged from 1 to >128 µg/mL. The ADMET computational analysis failed to detect toxicity while a good pharmacological predictive profile, with parameters similar to itraconazole, was obtained. Three hydrazone derivatives were particularly promising candidates as antifungal agents against itraconazole-resistant S. brasiliensis from the Brazilian hyperendemic region. Since sporotrichosis is a neglected zoonosis currently spreading in Latin America, particularly in Brazil, the present data can contribute to its future control by alternative antifungal drug design against S. brasiliensis, the most virulent and prevalent species of the hyperendemic context

Assessment of hydrokinetic energy resources downstream of hydropower plants

Maximizing the performance of hydropower plants by taking advantage of the remaining energy downstream of dams via the installation of hydrokinetic turbines is feasible. In these cases, the design of the rotor diameter and velocity are fundamental and depend on the depth and velocity of the river, respectively. In this study, the Saint-Venant model was applied and calibrated by linear regression of measured and simulated flow rates, which resulted in a correlation of 0.99. The validation was performed using measured velocities that are comparable to the simulated velocities. A power curve was generated for the measured flow rates and simulated velocities and obtained a correlation of 0.96. The curve was used to estimate the velocity, calculate the energy density, and define a design velocity of 2.35 m/s. Ten points in the study area were selected for the turbine locations, and the velocities were determined using the power curve for the measured flow rates and simulated velocities. The rotor design was performed using the blade element method (BEM), and a rotor diameter of 10 m was defined. The 10 turbines can generate 2.04 GWh/year of electricity. The results demonstrate the potential for utilising the remaining energy of hydroelectric plants