الأندية الرياضية والقطاع الخاص - مقاربة اقتصادية

Limited study problematic trying to demystif those sports arena controvers

Selection of Algerian lactic acid bacteria for use as antifungal bioprotective cultures and application in dairy and bakery products

In the context of a demand for “preservative-free” food products, biopreservation appears as a promising alternativeto either replace or reduce the use of chemical preservatives. The purpose of this study was to evaluatethe antifungal activity of a collection of lactic acid bacteria (n=194), and then to evaluate the applicability andefficacy of selected ones used as bioprotective cultures against mold spoilers in dairy and bakery products. First,lactic acid bacteria were isolated from various Algerian raw milk samples and Amoredj, a traditional fermentedproduct. Secondly, in vitro screening tests against Mucor racemosus UBOCC-A-109155, Penicillium communeUBOCC-A-116003, Yarrowia lipolytica UBOCC-A-216006, Aspergillus tubingensis AN, Aspergillus flavus T5 andPaecilomyces formosus AT allowed for the selection of 3 active strains, namely Lactobacillus plantarum CH1,Lactobacillus paracasei B20 and Leuconostoc mesenteroides L1. In situ tests were then performed to validate theiractivity in actual products (sour cream and sourdough bread) challenged with fungal spoilers. These testsshowed that antifungal LAB could slow the fungal target growth and could be candidates of interest for industrialapplications. Finally, organic acids and various antifungal compounds produced in sour cream and sourdoughbread by the selected LAB, and thus potentially supporting the observed antifungal activity, were identified andquantified by HPLC and LC-QTOF

Low incidence of SARS-CoV-2, risk factors of mortality and the course of illness in the French national cohort of dialysis patients

International audienceThe aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of COVID-19 disease in the French national population of dialysis patients, their course of illness and to identify the risk factors associated with mortality. Our study included all patients on dialysis recorded in the French REIN Registry in April 2020. Clinical characteristics at last follow-up and the evolution of COVID-19 illness severity over time were recorded for diagnosed cases (either suspicious clinical symptoms, characteristic signs on the chest scan or a positive reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction) for SARS-CoV-2. A total of 1,621 infected patients were reported on the REIN registry from March 16th, 2020 to May 4th, 2020. Of these, 344 died. The prevalence of COVID-19 patients varied from less than 1% to 10% between regions. The probability of being a case was higher in males, patients with diabetes, those in need of assistance for transfer or treated at a self-care unit. Dialysis at home was associated with a lower probability of being infected as was being a smoker, a former smoker, having an active malignancy, or peripheral vascular disease. Mortality in diagnosed cases (21%) was associated with the same causes as in the general population. Higher age, hypoalbuminemia and the presence of an ischemic heart disease were statistically independently associated with a higher risk of death. Being treated at a selfcare unit was associated with a lower risk. Thus, our study showed a relatively low frequency of COVID-19 among dialysis patients contrary to what might have been assumed