Retracted: Effect of Paris polyphylla extract on seconddegree burns in rats

This article previously published in Volume 15 Issue 10 of this journal in October 2016 has beenretracted in line with the guidelines from the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE,http://publicationethics.org/resources/guidelines)Retracted: Ma Z, Yin W, Hu G, Zhu Z, Huang Z. Effect of Paris polyphylla extract on second-degree burns in rats. Trop J Pharm Res 2016; 15(10):2131-2135 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v15i10.11From the EditorOur attention was drawn to the falsification of the data published in this article which was confirmed.The corresponding author, Zhi-jian Huang, failed to respond to communication in this respect.26 January 201

Effect of Paris polyphylla extract on second-degree burns in rats

Purpose: To investigate the healing effect of Paris polyphylla extract (PPE) on second-degree burns in rats.Methods: Male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats, weighing 200 – 220 g, were subjected to deep seconddegree skin burns by electrical scald instrument. The animals were divided into three groups as follows: (1) second-degree burn model (control) group, (2) burn model treated with 1 % silver sulfadiazine (SSD) group, and (3) burn model treated with 120 mg·mL-1 PPE group. On days 3, 7 and 14 following the administration of the drug/extract, wound area and histopathological changes in rat epidermis were evaluated for the three groups. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of PPE on Staphyloccocus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli were also assessed.Results: On day 14, the mean wound area of PPE treatment group (0.21 ± 0.04 cm2) was significantly smaller than that of the control rats (2.78 ± 0.18 cm2, p < 0.01). Histological results indicate that inflammatory cells disappeared and were replaced by new granulation tissue in the group treated with 120 mg·mL-1 PPE by day 14. Compared with SSD group rats, the inflammatory cells and fibroblast and granulation tissues of burnt rats with burns and treated with 120 mg·mL-1 PPE decreased significantly. The antibacterial data revealed that the MIC of PPE against S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and E. coli was 2.35, 8.2 and 4.70 mg·mL-1, respectively.Conclusion: Paris polyphylla is an effective medicinal herb that holds promise for the treatment of second-degree burns.Keywords: Paris polyphylla, Second-degree burns, Wound healing, Antibacterial, Inflammatory cells, Granulation tissues, Silver sulfadiazin

Suppression of the multiplicity fluctuations in particle correlations

Multiplicity fluctuations play a crucial role in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. In this work, we explore how the multiplicity fluctuations can be effectively suppressed in the measurement of particle correlations. In particular, through proper normalization, particle correlations can be evaluated in a manner irrelevant to multiplicity. When the multiplicity fluctuations are adequately extracted, Monte Carlo simulations show that the remaining correlations possess distinct features buried in the otherwise overwhelming fluctuations. Moreover, we argue that such a normalization scheme naturally agrees with the multi-particle correlator, which can be evaluated using the Q-vectors. The implications of the present study in the data analysis are also addressed.Comment: 15 pages, 3 figure

Molecular Insights into Cage Occupancy of Hydrogen Hydrate: A Computational Study

Density functional theory calculations and molecular dynamics simulations were performed to investigate the hydrogen storage capacity in the sII hydrate. Calculation results show that the optimum hydrogen storage capacity is ~5.6 wt%, with the double occupancy in the small cage and quintuple occupancy in the large cage. Molecular dynamics simulations indicate that these multiple occupied hydrogen hydrates can occur at mild conditions, and their stability will be further enhanced by increasing the pressure or decreasing the temperature. Our work highlights that the hydrate is a promising material for storing hydrogen

Interaction of Flavonoids from Woodwardia unigemmata with Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA): Application of Spectroscopic Techniques and Molecular Modeling Methods

Phytochemical investigation on the methanol extract of Woodwardia unigemmata resulted in the isolation of seven flavonoids, including one new flavonol acylglycoside (1). The structures of these compounds were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis and comparison of literature data. The multidrug resistance (MDR) reversing activity was evaluated for the isolated compounds using doxorubicin-resistant K562/A02 cells model. Compound 6 showed comparable MDR reversing effect to verapamil. Furthermore, the interaction between compounds and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was investigated by spectroscopic methods, including steady-state fluorescence, synchronous fluorescence, circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopies, and molecular docking approach. The experimental results indicated that the seven flavonoids bind to BSA by static quenching mechanisms. The negative ∆H and ∆S values indicated that van der Waals interactions and hydrogen bonds contributed in the binding of compounds 2–6 to BSA. In the case of compounds 1 and 7 systems, the hydrophobic interactions play a major role. The binding of compounds to BSA causes slight changes in the secondary structure of BSA. There are two binding sites of compound 6 on BSA and site I is the main site according to the molecular docking studies and the site marker competitive binding assayThis work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (81502921) and the Young Scholars Program of Shandong University (2015WLJH50).Peer Reviewe

The linear and nonlinear Jaynes-Cummings model for the multiphoton transition

With the Jaynes-Cummings model, we have studied the atom and light field quantum entanglement of multiphoton transition, and researched the effect of initial state superposition coefficient $C_{1}$, the transition photon number $N$, the quantum discord $\delta$ and the nonlinear coefficient $\chi$ on the quantum entanglement degrees. We have given the quantum entanglement degrees curves with time evolution, and obtained some results, which should have been used in quantum computing and quantum information.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1404.0821, arXiv:1205.0979 by other author

Legal Decision-making for Highway Automated Driving

Compliance with traffic laws is a fundamental requirement for human drivers on the road, and autonomous vehicles must adhere to traffic laws as well. However, current autonomous vehicles prioritize safety and collision avoidance primarily in their decision-making and planning, which will lead to misunderstandings and distrust from human drivers and may even result in accidents in mixed traffic flow. Therefore, ensuring the compliance of the autonomous driving decision-making system is essential for ensuring the safety of autonomous driving and promoting the widespread adoption of autonomous driving technology. To this end, the paper proposes a trigger-based layered compliance decision-making framework. This framework utilizes the decision intent at the highest level as a signal to activate an online violation monitor that identifies the type of violation committed by the vehicle. Then, a four-layer architecture for compliance decision-making is employed to generate compliantly trajectories. Using this system, autonomous vehicles can detect and correct potential violations in real-time, thereby enhancing safety and building public confidence in autonomous driving technology. Finally, the proposed method is evaluated on the DJI AD4CHE highway dataset under four typical highway scenarios: speed limit, following distance, overtaking, and lane-changing. The results indicate that the proposed method increases the vehicle's overall compliance rate from 13.85% to 84.46%, while reducing the proportion of active violations to 0%, demonstrating its effectiveness.Comment: 14 pages, 17 figure

1-(4-Benz­yloxy-5-meth­oxy-2-nitro­phen­yl)ethanone

In the mol­ecule of the title compound, C16H15NO5, the aromatic rings are oriented at a dihedral angle of 74.89 (3)°. Intra­molecular C—H⋯O inter­actions result in the formation of a seven-membered ring. In the crystal structure, weak inter­molecular C—H⋯O inter­actions link the mol­ecules into chains along the b axis