The Influence of Islamic Work Ethics on Job Satisfaction and Organization Commitment

This paper explain us how Islamic work ethics influence on job satisfaction as well as organization commitment on Pakistani agriculture sector. Good organization develops some ethics so that employees will understand their duties and responsibilities. In Islam, ethics is very key component and historically proved also. Islamic work ethics has a positive influence on both job satisfaction as well as organization commitment. For those who want to research more on this topic for them limitations and suggestions also discussed at the end of the paper. Keywords: Work Ethic, Commitment, Job Satisfaction, National Cultures, Isla

Attain and sustain competitive advantage: A system dynamics model of customer-based brand equity

Using Vensim® I developed a simulation model of customer based brand equity based on the theoretical framework of Aaker (1991) incorporating the two way linkages of the elements of brand equity and market performance of the firm. I have incorporated three of the four elements/dimensions of brand equity and could not include brand association because many do not consider it part of brand equity and for many others it is part of perceived quality and for some others there is difficulty in measurement (please see section 3.2.3). This may be a limitation of this study. Further, I could not perform all model validation tests which is also a limitation of this study. Model simulations indicate that Mobilink is bound to lose its market share if it continues its current policies. However, heavy investment in its cell sites will help improve its market share and reverse declining trend of the market share.Master of Philosophy in System DynamicsGEO-SD350MASV-SYSD

Customer’s Behavior towards Islamic Banking in Pakistan

Islamic banking is one of the most developing sectors in Pakistan. This study reveals the relationship between consumer behavior towards bank selection criteria and customer satisfaction. For this purpose, qualitative data was collected from consumers in different Islamic bank in Multan. It is find out relationship among independent variables( religion, high profit &low service charges, influence of friends & family, service quality, responsive attitude of staff ,mass media & bank image) and dependent variable (customer satisfaction). The findings show positive and significant relationship among all variables and customer satisfaction partially mediates the relationship between independent variables and dependent variables. We conclude that customers’ satisfaction is increasing day after day and their commitment is strong with the Islamic banks. Keywords: Islamic banking, Bank selection, Customer behavior

Consumer Willingness toward Counterfeit Products in Pakistan: An Exploratory Study

The research explores the consumer willingness toward counterfeit products. The considered variables status consumption, novelty seeking, perceived risk and integrity. Attitude of consumers toward counterfeit products possess the positive relationship toward willingness of consumer to purchase counterfeit product but the perceived risk possess the negative relationship with consumer`s attitude. The status consumption and integrity also possess the negative relationship with the attitude toward counterfeit product. Novelty seeking holds the positive relationship with attitude. Keywords: Attitude toward counterfeit products, willingness to purchase counterfeit products, Perceived risk, status consumption, Integrity, and Novelty seeking

Corporate Social Responsibility Comparison of Small-Medium Enterprises in Finland and Pakistan:

The concept of Corporate Social Responsibility varies from place to place and it is keep changing with time. The phrase CSR became more in use since early 60’s, among other several important factors CSR is based on, corporate governance and ethics Environmental stewardship, Sustainable development factors etc. According to researchers CSR based on Philanthropic, Economic and Legal ethics pillars. In Theoretical part of this study there is brief discussion on how SME’s operating in two different regions of world. One main purpose of this thesis is to understand the concept of CSR by studying different models and approaches. The data has been gathered using Interview method, Annual reports and Study of CSR reports of the case companies, to find out how these companies defining, practicing and implementing CSR. Conclusion shows that how these business entrepreneurs are focusing Defining, Practicing and Implementing on these factors and the parameters of CSR are accordance with their own understanding.fi=Opinnäytetyö kokotekstinä PDF-muodossa.|en=Thesis fulltext in PDF format.|sv=Lärdomsprov tillgängligt som fulltext i PDF-format

Joint Shear Deformation and Beam Rotation in RC Beam-Column Eccentric Connections

This paper discusses joint shear deformation and beam rotation for RC beam-column eccentric connections. Two eccentric connections were designed according to ACI 318-14 and ACI-352 and their half scaled models were constructed sequentially to introduce a cold joint at the beam column interface. Specimen having eccentricity equal to bc/8 (12.5% of column width) and bc/4 (25% of column width) were named as specimen 1 and specimen 2 respectively. The specimens were tested under quasi static full cyclic loading. The results are presented in the form of beam rotation versus drift and beam rotation versus lateral load plots. In addition, joint shear deformation versus drift is also plotted for both specimens. Careful observation of the damage pattern revealed that bond slip occurred at 2.5% drift in both specimens with no yielding of beam longitudinal bars in the joint core due to the presence of construction joint. An increase in out of plane rotation was observed with increase in eccentricity. However, in plane rotation was more in specimen 1 as compared to specimen 2, primarily due to negligible out of plane rotations. Furthermore, joint shear deformation increased with increase in eccentricity. However, it was negligible due to slab contribution as well as bond slippage with minimum load transfer to the joint core. It is concluded that bond slippage is the principal failure pattern whereas out of plan rotation increases with eccentricity without significant contribution to the final failure pattern. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091650 Full Text: PD

Health Outcomes of Remittances in Developing Economies: An Empirical Analysis

Remittances are playing a vital role in the wellbeing of recipients by enlarging opportunities to a better quality of life, reducing child labor, providing a way to transfer knowledge, and educating about infant health care. Keeping in view the importance of remittances in the life of people, the current study intends to investigate the impact of remittances on child health by using a panel dataset covering 132 countries spanning over 1980 to 2015. Theoretically, the paper is based on Grossman’s (1972) demand for the health model. So, GDP per capita and health expenditures are taken as economic, the number of physicians as social, and access to improved water facilities and urbanization as environmental vectors in the model. To tackle the endogenous nature of remittances, the System Generalized Method of Moments is used. The results show that role of remittances helps to promote child health. Regarding control variables, GDP per capita, the number of physicians, access to improved water facilities, and health expenditures reduce whereas urbanization increases infant mortality. This study suggests that growth in remittances could be used as a policy intervention to improve child health

Impact of education on poverty reduction

Poverty is a stumbling block in the way of achieving economic development. Cognizant of the essence of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and ‘Education for All’ program, education is promulgated as the primary weapon against poverty prevalence. Hence it is important to seek out the effect of different levels of education upon poverty in Pakistan. This study evaluates the effect of different levels of education, experience and gender of the employed individuals (employers, self-employed, wage earners and unpaid family workers) as the determinants of poverty. The data for this task comes from the Household Integrated Economic Survey (HIES) for the years 1998-99 and 2001-02. A logistic regression model is estimated based on this data, with the probability of an individual being poor as the dependent variable and a set of educational levels, experience and gender as explanatory variables. It is found that experience and educational achievement is negatively related with the poverty incidence in both years. Also as we go for the higher levels of education the chances of a person being non-poor increases. Moreover, being a male person provides an advantage in retaining a position above poverty level.Poverty, Education, Pakistan