Cross - Language based Multi-Document Summarization Model using Machine Learning Technique

Cross-Language Multi-document summarization (CLMDS) process produces a summary generated from multiple documents in which the summary language is different from the source document language. The CLMDS model allows the user to provide query in a particular language (e.g., Tamil) and generates a summary in the same language from different language source documents. The proposed model enables the user to provide a query in Tamil language, generate a summary from multiple English documents, and finally translate the summary into Tamil language. The proposed model makes use of naïve Bayes classifier (NBC) model for the CLMDS. An extensive set of experimentation analysis was performed and the results are investigated under distinct aspects. The resultant experimental values ensured the supremacy of the presented CLMDS model

An Efficient Stator Inter-Turn Fault Diagnosis Tool for Induction Motors

Induction motors constitute the largest proportion of motors in industry. This type ofmotor experiences different types of failures, such as broken bars, eccentricity, and inter-turn failure.Stator winding faults account for approximately 36% of these failures. As such, condition monitoringis used to protect motors from sudden breakdowns. This paper proposes the use of neural networks as anefficient diagnostic tool for estimating the percentage of stator winding shorted turns in three-phaseinduction motors. A MATLAB-based model was developed and simulated under different fault-loadcombination cases for different sizes of motors. The motor’s developed electromechanical torque wasselected as a fault indicator. For the design and training of the neural network, the mean, variance, max,min, and F120 time based on statistical and frequency-related features were found to be very distinct forcorrelating the captured electromechanical torque with its corresponding percentage of shorted turns. Inthe training phase of the neural network, five different motors were used and are referred to as seenmotors. On the other hand, for testing the efficiency of the developed diagnostic tool, theelectromechanical torque under different fault-load combination cases, previously never seen from thefirst five motors and those of two new motors (referred to as unseen), was used. Testing results revealedaccuracy in the range of 88–99%

CMMSE2017: On two classes of fourth- and seventh-order vectorial methods with stable behavior

[EN] A family of fourth-order iterative methods without memory, for solving nonlinear systems, and its seventh-order extension, are analyzed. By using complex dynamics tools, their stability and reliability are studied by means of the properties of the rational function obtained when they are applied on quadratic polynomials. The stability of their fixed points, in terms of the value of the parameter, its critical points and their associated parameter planes, etc. give us important information about which members of the family have good properties of stability and whether in any of them appear chaos in the iterative process. The conclusions obtained in this dynamical analysis are used in the numerical section, where an academical problem and also the chemical problem of predicting the diffusion and reaction in a porous catalyst pellet are solved.This research was partially supported by Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad MTM2014-52016-C02-2-P and Generalitat Valenciana PROMETEO/2016/089.Cordero Barbero, A.; Guasp, L.; Torregrosa Sánchez, JR. (2018). CMMSE2017: On two classes of fourth- and seventh-order vectorial methods with stable behavior. Journal of Mathematical Chemistry. 56(7):1902-1923. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10910-017-0814-0S19021923567S. Amat, S. Busquier, Advances in Iterative Methods for Nonlinear Equations (Springer, Berlin, 2016)S. Amat, S. Busquier, S. Plaza, Review of some iterative root-finding methods from a dynamical point of view. Sci. Ser. A Math. Sci. 10, 3–35 (2004)S. Amat, S. Busquier, S. Plaza, A construction of attracting periodic orbits for some classical third-order iterative methods. Comput. Appl. Math. 189, 22–33 (2006)I.K. Argyros, Á.A. Magreñn, On the convergence of an optimal fourth-order family of methods and its dynamics. Appl. Math. Comput. 252, 336–346 (2015)D.K.R. Babajee, A. Cordero, J.R. Torregrosa, Study of multipoint iterative methods through the Cayley quadratic test. Comput. Appl. Math. 291, 358–369 (2016). doi: 10.1016/J.CAM.2014.09.020P. Blanchard, The dynamics of Newton’s method. Proc. Symp. Appl. Math. 49, 139–154 (1994)F.I. Chicharro, A. Cordero, J.R. Torregrosa, Drawing dynamical and parameters planes of iterative families and methods. Sci. World J. 2013, Article ID 780153 (2013)C. Chun, M.Y. Lee, B. Neta, J. Džunić, On optimal fourth-order iterative methods free from second derivative and their dynamics. Appl. Math. Comput. 218, 6427–6438 (2012)A. Cordero, E. Gómez, J.R. Torregrosa, Efficient high-order iterative methods for solving nonlinear systems and their application on heat conduction problems. Complexity 2017, Article ID 6457532 (2017)A. Cordero, J.R. Torregrosa, Variants of Newton’s method using fifth-order quadrature formulas. Appl. Math. Comput. 190, 686–698 (2007)R.L. Devaney, An Introduction to Chaotic Dynamical Systems (Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Reading, 1989)P.G. Logrado, J.D.M. Vianna, Partitioning technique procedure revisited: formalism and first application to atomic problems. Math. Chem. 22, 107–116 (1997)C.G. Jesudason, I. Numerical nonlinear analysis: differential methods and optimization applied to chemical reaction rate determination. Math. Chem. 49, 1384–1415 (2011)Á.A. Magreñán, Different anomalies in a Jarratt family of iterative root-finding methods. Appl. Math. Comput. 233, 29–38 (2014)M. Mahalakshmi, G. Hariharan, K. Kannan, The wavelet methods to linear and nonlinear reaction-diffusion model arising in mathematical chemistry. Math. Chem. 51(9), 2361–2385 (2013)K. Maleknejad, M. Alizadeh, An efficient numerical scheme for solving Hammerstein integral equation arisen in chemical phenomenon. Proc. Comput. Sci. 3, 361–364 (2011)B. Neta, C. Chun, M. Scott, Basins of attraction for optimal eighth-order methods to find simple roots of nonlinear equations. Appl. Math. Comput. 227, 567–592 (2014)M.S. Petković, B. Neta, L.D. Petković, J. Džunić, Multipoint Methods for Solving Nonlinear Equations (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2013)R.C. Rach, J.S. Duan, A.M. Wazwaz, Solving coupled Lane–Emden boundary value problems in catalytic diffusion reactions by the Adomian decomposition method. Math. Chem. 52(1), 255–267 (2014)R. Singh, G. Nelakanti, J. Kumar, A new effcient technique for solving two-point boundary value problems for integro-differential equations. Math. Chem. 52, 2030–2051 (2014

MGEx-Udb: A Mammalian Uterus Database for Expression-Based Cataloguing of Genes across Conditions, Including Endometriosis and Cervical Cancer

Gene expression profiling of uterus tissue has been performed in various contexts, but a significant amount of the data remains underutilized as it is not covered by the existing general resources.). The database can be queried with gene names/IDs, sub-tissue locations, as well as various conditions such as the cervical cancer, endometrial cycles and disorders, and experimental treatments. Accordingly, the output would be a) transcribed and dormant genes listed for the queried condition/location, or b) expression profile of the gene of interest in various uterine conditions. The results also include the reliability score for the expression status of each gene. MGEx-Udb also provides information related to Gene Ontology annotations, protein-protein interactions, transcripts, promoters, and expression status by other sequencing techniques, and facilitates various other types of analysis of the individual genes or co-expressed gene clusters.In brief, MGEx-Udb enables easy cataloguing of co-expressed genes and also facilitates bio-marker discovery for various uterine conditions

A Complete Pathway Model for Lipid A Biosynthesis in Escherichia coli.

Lipid A is a highly conserved component of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), itself a major component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. Lipid A is essential to cells and elicits a strong immune response from humans and other animals. We developed a quantitative model of the nine enzyme-catalyzed steps of Escherichia coli lipid A biosynthesis, drawing parameters from the experimental literature. This model accounts for biosynthesis regulation, which occurs through regulated degradation of the LpxC and WaaA (also called KdtA) enzymes. The LpxC degradation signal appears to arise from the lipid A disaccharide concentration, which we deduced from prior results, model results, and new LpxK overexpression results. The model agrees reasonably well with many experimental findings, including the lipid A production rate, the behaviors of mutants with defective LpxA enzymes, correlations between LpxC half-lives and cell generation times, and the effects of LpxK overexpression on LpxC concentrations. Its predictions also differ from some experimental results, which suggest modifications to the current understanding of the lipid A pathway, such as the possibility that LpxD can replace LpxA and that there may be metabolic channeling between LpxH and LpxB. The model shows that WaaA regulation may serve to regulate the lipid A production rate when the 3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (KDO) concentration is low and/or to control the number of KDO residues that get attached to lipid A. Computation of flux control coefficients showed that LpxC is the rate-limiting enzyme if pathway regulation is ignored, but that LpxK is the rate-limiting enzyme if pathway regulation is present, as it is in real cells. Control also shifts to other enzymes if the pathway substrate concentrations are not in excess. Based on these results, we suggest that LpxK may be a much better drug target than LpxC, which has been pursued most often

A Systematic Review of Dynamometry and its Role in Hand Trauma Assessment

The dynamometer was developed by American neurologists and came into general use in the late 19th century. It is still used in various ways as a diagnostic and prognostic tool in clinical settings. In this systematic review we assessed in detail the different uses of dynamometry, its reliability, different dynamometers used and the influence of rater experience by bringing together and evaluating all published literature in this field. It was found that dynamometry is applied in a wide range of medical conditions. Furthermore, the great majority of studies reported acceptable to high reliability of dynamometry. Jamar mechanical dynamometer was used most often in the studies reviewed. There were mixed results concerning the effect of rater experience. The factors influencing the results of dynamometry were identified as age, gender, body weight, grip strength, BMI, non/dominant hand, assessing upper/lower limbs, rater and patient’s strength and the distance from the joint where the dynamometer is placed. This review provides an understanding of the relevance and significance of dynamometry which should serve as a starting point to guide its use in hand trauma assessment. On the basis of our findings, we suggest that hand dynamometry has a great potential, and could be used more often in clinical practice

Systematic Review of Potential Health Risks Posed by Pharmaceutical, Occupational and Consumer Exposures to Metallic and Nanoscale Aluminum, Aluminum Oxides, Aluminum Hydroxide and Its Soluble Salts

Aluminum (Al) is a ubiquitous substance encountered both naturally (as the third most abundant element) and intentionally (used in water, foods, pharmaceuticals, and vaccines); it is also present in ambient and occupational airborne particulates. Existing data underscore the importance of Al physical and chemical forms in relation to its uptake, accumulation, and systemic bioavailability. The present review represents a systematic examination of the peer-reviewed literature on the adverse health effects of Al materials published since a previous critical evaluation compiled by Krewski et al. (2007). Challenges encountered in carrying out the present review reflected the experimental use of different physical and chemical Al forms, different routes of administration, and different target organs in relation to the magnitude, frequency, and duration of exposure. Wide variations in diet can result in Al intakes that are often higher than the World Health Organization provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI), which is based on studies with Al citrate. Comparing daily dietary Al exposures on the basis of “total Al”assumes that gastrointestinal bioavailability for all dietary Al forms is equivalent to that for Al citrate, an approach that requires validation. Current occupational exposure limits (OELs) for identical Al substances vary as much as 15-fold. The toxicity of different Al forms depends in large measure on their physical behavior and relative solubility in water. The toxicity of soluble Al forms depends upon the delivered dose of Al+ 3 to target tissues. Trivalent Al reacts with water to produce bidentate superoxide coordination spheres [Al(O2)(H2O4)+ 2 and Al(H2O)6 + 3] that after complexation with O2•−, generate Al superoxides [Al(O2•)](H2O5)]+ 2. Semireduced AlO2• radicals deplete mitochondrial Fe and promote generation of H2O2, O2 • − and OH•. Thus, it is the Al+ 3-induced formation of oxygen radicals that accounts for the oxidative damage that leads to intrinsic apoptosis. In contrast, the toxicity of the insoluble Al oxides depends primarily on their behavior as particulates. Aluminum has been held responsible for human morbidity and mortality, but there is no consistent and convincing evidence to associate the Al found in food and drinking water at the doses and chemical forms presently consumed by people living in North America and Western Europe with increased risk for Alzheimer\u27s disease (AD). Neither is there clear evidence to show use of Al-containing underarm antiperspirants or cosmetics increases the risk of AD or breast cancer. Metallic Al, its oxides, and common Al salts have not been shown to be either genotoxic or carcinogenic. Aluminum exposures during neonatal and pediatric parenteral nutrition (PN) can impair bone mineralization and delay neurological development. Adverse effects to vaccines with Al adjuvants have occurred; however, recent controlled trials found that the immunologic response to certain vaccines with Al adjuvants was no greater, and in some cases less than, that after identical vaccination without Al adjuvants. The scientific literature on the adverse health effects of Al is extensive. Health risk assessments for Al must take into account individual co-factors (e.g., age, renal function, diet, gastric pH). Conclusions from the current review point to the need for refinement of the PTWI, reduction of Al contamination in PN solutions, justification for routine addition of Al to vaccines, and harmonization of OELs for Al substances

Genomic Approaches to Enhance Stress Tolerance for Productivity Improvements in Pearl Millet

Pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.], the sixth most important cereal crop (after rice, wheat, maize, barley, and sorghum), is grown as a grain and stover crop by the small holder farmers in the harshest cropping environments of the arid and semiarid tropical regions of sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. Millet is grown on ~31 million hectares globally with India in South Asia; Nigeria, Niger, Burkina Faso, and Mali in western and central Africa; and Sudan, Uganda, and Tanzania in Eastern Africa as the major producers. Pearl millet provides food and nutritional security to more than 500 million of the world’s poorest and most nutritionally insecure people. Global pearl millet production has increased over the past 15 years, primarily due to availability of improved genetics and adoption of hybrids in India and expanding area under pearl millet production in West Africa. Pearl millet production is challenged by various biotic and abiotic stresses resulting in a significant reduction in yields. The genomics research in pearl millet lagged behind because of multiple reasons in the past. However, in the recent past, several efforts were initiated in genomic research resulting into a generation of large amounts of genomic resources and information including recently published sequence of the reference genome and re-sequencing of almost 1000 lines representing the global diversity. This chapter reviews the advances made in generating the genetic and genomics resources in pearl millet and their interventions in improving the stress tolerance to improve the productivity of this very important climate-smart nutri-cereal

Pregnancy and neonatal outcomes of COVID-19: The PAN-COVID study

Objective To assess perinatal outcomes for pregnancies affected by suspected or confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods Prospective, web-based registry. Pregnant women were invited to participate if they had suspected or confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection between 1st January 2020 and 31st March 2021 to assess the impact of infection on maternal and perinatal outcomes including miscarriage, stillbirth, fetal growth restriction, pre-term birth and transmission to the infant. Results Between April 2020 and March 2021, the study recruited 8239 participants who had suspected or confirmed SARs-CoV-2 infection episodes in pregnancy between January 2020 and March 2021. Maternal death affected 14/8197 (0.2%) participants, 176/8187 (2.2%) of participants required ventilatory support. Pre-eclampsia affected 389/8189 (4.8%) participants, eclampsia was reported in 40/ 8024 (0.5%) of all participants. Stillbirth affected 35/8187 (0.4 %) participants. In participants delivering within 2 weeks of delivery 21/2686 (0.8 %) were affected by stillbirth compared with 8/4596 (0.2 %) delivering ≥ 2 weeks after infection (95 % CI 0.3–1.0). SGA affected 744/7696 (9.3 %) of livebirths, FGR affected 360/8175 (4.4 %) of all pregnancies. Pre-term birth occurred in 922/8066 (11.5%), the majority of these were indicated pre-term births, 220/7987 (2.8%) participants experienced spontaneous pre-term births. Early neonatal deaths affected 11/8050 livebirths. Of all neonates, 80/7993 (1.0%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Conclusions Infection was associated with indicated pre-term birth, most commonly for fetal compromise. The overall proportions of women affected by SGA and FGR were not higher than expected, however there was the proportion affected by stillbirth in participants delivering within 2 weeks of infection was significantly higher than those delivering ≥ 2 weeks after infection. We suggest that clinicians’ threshold for delivery should be low if there are concerns with fetal movements or fetal heart rate monitoring in the time around infection