Respon Fisiologis Ikan Uceng (Nemacheilus fasciatus) Dengan Inkubasi Suhu Yang Berbeda

Nemacheilus merupakan salah satu genus ikan air tawar, yang seluruh spesiesnya endemik di Asia. Genus Nemacheilus terdiri dari 33 spesies, diperkirakan 18 spesies diantaranya ditemukan di Indonesia yaitu 8 spesies di pulau Sumatera, 2 spesies di pulau Jawa dan 8 spesies di Borneo. Ikan uceng ini biasa dijadikan sumber makanan bagi masyarakat dan sampai saat ini masih mengandalkan hasil tangkapan langsung dari alam sebagai satu-satunya cara untuk memperoleh ikan tersebut. Selain itu ikan uceng juga memiliki harga jual yang cukup tinggi. Namun, keberadaan ikan uceng (Nemacheilus fasciatus) di perairan umum sudah semakin jarang ditemukan. Padahal N. fasciatus ini sangat digemari di berbagai kalangan masyarakat. Salah satu cara pelestarian ikan uceng yakni dengan cara melakukan budidaya intensif yang nantinya tidak lagi hanya mengandalkan tangkapan dari alam. Untuk menentukan ketersediaan benih baik dari segi kualitas, kuantitas, dan kontinuitas dalam keberhasilan budidaya yaitu bisa dengan cara pengadaptasian terlebih dahulu dengan memanipulasi lingkungan budidaya agar nantinya ikan bisa berdaptasi sesuati dengan lingkungan aslinya. Penelitian yang berkaitan dengan hal tersebut penting dilakukan, sehingga diharapkan dapat membudidayakan ikan liar ini dalam wadah budidaya terkontrol dan dapat mengetahui suhu yang optimal untuk adaptasinya ikan Uceng. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan penelitian mengenai respon fisiologi ikan uceng yang diinkubasi dengan suhu yang berbeda. Rumusan masalah pada penelitian ini adalah (1) Bagaimana pengaruh suhu terhadap respon fisiologis Ikan Uceng (Nemacheilus fasciatus) yang diinkubasi dengan suhu yang berbeda (2) Berapakah suhu dan hari yang optimal untuk Ikan Uceng (Nemacheilus fasciatus) agar cepat beradaptasi dengan lingkungan barunya. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari hingga April 2018 di Laboratorium Budidaya Ikan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, dan Laboratorium FAAL, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Brawijaya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa respon fisiologis (kadar glukosa darah, hormon kortisol dan glikogen) Ikan Uceng (Nemacheilus fasciatus) yang dipelihara dengan suhu yang berbeda dan mengetahui awal waktu ikan Uceng adaptasi dengan melihat profil fisiologisnya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yaitu suhu dengan nilai 20ºC (A), 24ºC (B), 28ºC (C) dan 32ºC (D). Masing-masing perlakuan dengan ulangan sebanyak 3 kali. Analisis data menggunakan analisis keragaman, uji BNT dan uji regresi. Parameter utama yang diamati adalah kadar kortisol, glukosa darah dan glikogen. Parameter penunjang yang diukur adalah kualitas air (suhu, pH dan DO). Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis keragama

Analisis Pengaruh Roa, Bopo, Fdr, Car, Npf Terhadap Tingkat Bagi Hasil Mudharabah Pada Bank Umum Syariah Studi Kasus Bni Syariah Tahun 2016-2018

This research was conducted to analyze the effect of Return On Asset (ROA), Operational Costs Operating Income (BOPO), Financing Deposit Ratio (FDR), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), and Non Performing Financing (NPF) against the profit sharing rate of mudharabah deposits at 10 Islamic banking in Indonesia. The data used is using data existing ones plus an additional 2 years registered in the Authority Financial Services and financial reports published on 10 bank websites syariah was selected in 2014 to 2017. Data analysis methods to be used is the Panel Data Regression Test with the Commont Method- Constant, Fixed Effect Method, Random Effect and others. Where is the Profit Sharing Mudharabah deposits as the dependent variable while Return On Asset (ROA), Operational Costs Operating Income (BOPO), Financing Deposit Ratio (FDR), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), and Non Performing Financing (NPF) as an independent variable that influences. From the results Panel data regression and model testing, the best model is chosen Random Effect. The results of this study indicate that: 1) Variable Return On Assets (ROA) do not have a significant effect on profit sharing financing mudharabah deposits. 2) Operational Cost Variable Operating Incom (BOPO) has no significant effect on profit sharing financing mudharabah deposits. 3) Variable Financing Deposit Ratio (FDR) has significant influence on financing profit sharing from mudharabah deposits. 4) Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) does not have a significant effect towards financing profit sharing from mudharabah deposits. 5) Non Variable Performing Financing (NPF) has no significant effect on profit sharing financing for mudharabah deposits

Dampak Surat Berharga Negara, Inflasi, dan Sukuk Negara Terhadap Defisit Anggaran Pendapatan Belanja Negara (APBN) Periode 2016-2018

The budget deficit impacts the government's need to prepare funds to finance the difference in revenue and expenditure of the country. The study aims to analyse the impact of state securities, inflation, and state sukuk against the state's expenditure income budget deficit (APBN) to determine the short term and long term relationship between variables. The method of analysis used is Two Stage ECM Eagle Granger. Simultaneously the country's securities, inflation, and sukuk affect the deficit of the APBN. While partial securities of the country are influential positive and significant in the long term and short term. Sukuk affect positive, significant in the short term, and not significant in the long term against the APBN deficit. Inflation affects the negative and insignificant in the long and short term against the APBN deficit. The data used is secondary data in the time series. The result shows the negative ECT coefficient and ECT variable is significant which means that the Two Stage ECM Eagle Granger model is valid

Pengaruh Pendapatan Asli Daerah, Pajak Daerah, dan Dana Alokasi Umum terhadap Anggaran Belanja Modal di Karesidenan Surakarta Tahun 2013-2017

This study is entitled "The Effect of Local Revenue, Regional Taxes, and General Allocation Funds on the Capital Expenditure Budget in Surakarta Residency in 2013-2017". The dependent variable is in the form of Capital Expenditure, while the independent variable is Regional Original Income, Regional Tax, and General Allocation Fund. The type of data used in this study is secondary from 7 regencies / cities in Surakarta Residency in 2013-2017. The data obtained from the official website of the Central Statistics Agency, and the APBD Budget Realization Report Data for all cities / regencies in the Surakarta residency are secondary data. The analytical method used is panel data. To determine the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable simultaneously using the F test and to determine the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable partially using the t test

Analisis Pengaruh Earning Per Share (EPS), Price to Book Value (PBV) dan Price Earning Ratio (PER) Terhadap Return Saham Pada Industri Makanan dan Minuman di Bursa Efek Indonesia 2010-2013.

This study aims to determine the effect of variable Earning Per Share, Price to Book Value and Price Earning Ratio of Equity Return on food and beverage industry in Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2010-2013. The effect of variable Earning Per Share, Price to Book Value and Price Earning Ratio of Stock Return food and beverage companies will be analyzed using multiple linear analisis regresi. The purpose of this study was to determine the positive effects EOS, PBV and PER on Stock Return the food and beverage industry either simultaneously or partial. The data used are secondary data, Return Shares of food and drinks, Earning Per Share, Price to Book Value, Price Earning Ratio. Data obtained from the Indonesian Capital Market Directory (ICMD). The method used is multiple linear regression analysis, the classic assumption test, and hypothesis testing. From the calculation (EPS, PBV, PER) has the ability to influence the Stock Return of 0969, or 96.6%, while the rest influenced by other variables not included in this study. And after the test using test F known that EPS, PBV simultaneously affect the stock return, while the PER does not affect the stock return. And the t-test is known that EPS, PBV and PER partially have an influence on Stock Return

Are we failing to protect threatened mangroves in the Sundarbans world heritage ecosystem?

The Sundarbans, the largest mangrove ecosystem in the world, is under threat from historical and future human exploitation and sea level rise. Limited scientific knowledge on the spatial ecology of the mangroves in this world heritage ecosystem has been a major impediment to conservation efforts. Here, for the first time, we report on habitat suitability analyses and spatial density maps for the four most prominent mangrove species - Heritiera fomes, Excoecaria agallocha, Ceriops decandra and Xylocarpus mekongensis. Globally endangered H. fomes abundances declined as salinity increased. Responses to nutrients, elevation, and stem density varied between species. H. fomes and X. mekongensis preferred upstream habitats. E. agallocha and C. decandra preferred down-stream and mid-stream habitats. Historical harvesting had negative influences on H. fomes, C. decandra and X. mekongensis abundances. The established protected area network does not support the most suitable habitats of these threatened species. We therefore recommend a reconfiguration of the network to include these suitable habitats and ensure their immediate protection. These novel habitat insights and spatial predictions can form the basis for future forest studies and spatial conservation planning, and have implications for more effective conservation of the Sundarbans mangroves and the many other species that rely on them

Nurse managers' experience with ethical issues in six government hospitals in Malaysia: A cross-sectional study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Nurse managers have the burden of experiencing frequent ethical issues related to both their managerial and nursing care duties, according to previous international studies. However, no such study was published in Malaysia. The purpose of this study was to explore nurse managers' experience with ethical issues in six government hospitals in Malaysia including learning about the way they dealt with the issues.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A cross-sectional study was conducted in August-September, 2010 involving 417 (69.2%) of total 603 nurse managers in the six Malaysian government hospitals. Data were collected using three-part self-administered questionnaire. Part I was regarding participants' demographics. Part II was about the frequency and areas of management where ethical issues were experienced, and scoring of the importance of 11 pre-identified ethical issues. Part III asked how they dealt with ethical issues in general; ways to deal with the 11 pre-identified ethical issues, and perceived stress level. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, cross-tabulations and Pearson's Chi-square.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A total of 397 (95.2%) participants experienced ethical issues and 47.2% experienced them on weekly to daily basis. Experiencing ethical issues were not associated with areas of practice. Top area of management where ethical issues were encountered was "staff management", but "patient care" related ethical issues were rated as most important. Majority would "discuss with other nurses" in dealing generally with the issues. For pre-identified ethical issues regarding "patient care", "discuss with doctors" was preferred. Only 18.1% referred issues to "ethics committees" and 53.0% to the code of ethics.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Nurse managers, regardless of their areas of practice, frequently experienced ethical issues. For dealing with these, team-approach needs to be emphasized. Proper understanding of the code of ethics is needed to provide basis for reasoning.</p

Chemical and structural changes of pretreated empty fruit bunch (EFB) in ionic liquid-cellulase compatible system for fermentability to bioethanol

The pretreatment of empty fruit bunch (EFB) was conducted using an integrated system of IL and cellulases (IL-E), with simultaneous fermentation in one vessel. The cellulase mixture (PKC-Cel) was derived from Trichoderma reesei by solid-state fermentation. Choline acetate [Cho]OAc was utilized for the pretreatment due to its biocompatibility and biodegradability. The treated EFB and its hydrolysate were characterized by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and chemical analysis. The results showed that there were significant structural changes in EFB after the treatment in IL-E system. The sugar yield after enzymatic hydrolysis by the PKC-Cel was increased from 0.058 g/g of EFB in the crude sample (untreated) to 0.283 and 0.62 ± 06 g/g in IL-E system after 24 and 48 h of treatment, respectively. The EFB hydrolysate showed the eligibility for ethanol production without any supplements where ethanol yield was 0.275 g ethanol/g EFB in the presence of the IL, while lower yield obtained without IL-pretreatment. Moreover, it was demonstrated that furfural and phenolic compounds were not at the level of suppressing the fermentation process

Isolation and Characterization of Human Trophoblast Side-Population (SP) Cells in Primary Villous Cytotrophoblasts and HTR-8/SVneo Cell Line

Recently, numerous studies have identified that immature cell populations including stem cells and progenitor cells can be found among “side-population” (SP) cells. Although SP cells isolated from some adult tissues have been reported elsewhere, isolation and characterization of human trophoblast SP remained to be reported. In this study, HTR-8/SVneo cells and human primary villous cytotrophoblasts (vCTBs) were stained with Hoechst 33342 and SP and non-SP (NSP) fractions were isolated using a cell sorter. A small population of SP cells was identified in HTR-8/SVneo cells and in vCTBs. SP cells expressed several vCTB-specific markers and failed to express syncytiotrophoblast (STB) or extravillous cytotrophopblast (EVT)-specific differentiation markers. SP cells formed colonies and proliferated on mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) feeder cells or in MEF conditioned medium supplemented with heparin/FGF2, and they also showed long-term repopulating property. SP cells could differentiate into both STB and EVT cell lineages and expressed several differentiation markers. Microarray analysis revealed that IL7R and IL1R2 were exclusively expressed in SP cells and not in NSP cells. vCTB cells sorted as positive for both IL7R and IL1R2 failed to express trophoblast differentiation markers and spontaneously differentiated into both STB and EVT in basal medium. These features shown by the SP cells suggested that IL7R and IL1R2 are available as markers to detect the SP cells and that vCTB progenitor cells and trophoblast stem cells were involved in the SP cell population

Ultrasonic intensification as a tool for enhanced microbial biofuel yields

peer-reviewedUltrasonication has recently received attention as a novel bioprocessing tool for process intensification in many areas of downstream processing. Ultrasonic intensification (periodic ultrasonic treatment during the fermentation process) can result in a more effective homogenization of biomass and faster energy and mass transfer to biomass over short time periods which can result in enhanced microbial growth. Ultrasonic intensification can allow the rapid selective extraction of specific biomass components and can enhance product yields which can be of economic benefit. This review focuses on the role of ultrasonication in the extraction and yield enhancement of compounds from various microbial sources, specifically algal and cyanobacterial biomass with a focus on the production of biofuels. The operating principles associated with the process of ultrasonication and the influence of various operating conditions including ultrasonic frequency, power intensity, ultrasonic duration, reactor designs and kinetics applied for ultrasonic intensification are also described