A psychological reading of J. D. Salinger’s "For Esme with Love and Squalor"

The 20th century has witnessed a plethora of war stories, but among them Salinger's "For Esme with Love and Squalor", a minor masterpiece as Paul Alexander calls it, stands out. It also falls among those typical Salingerian child-adult relationships that highlight the non-phony members of society with many things in common distinguishing them from the other so-called normal members of the society. In the current study, characters are studied from a psychological point of view and classified into two major groups by the researchers. The first group and the main focus of the study is the minority of society and the second group relates to the majority or commonality. The minority group includes Salinger's heroes and protagonists who are later known as psychoneurotic. This first group feels affinity to the children who are far away from the hostility and harshness of adults' world as, to Salinger, the concept of innocence means being away from the false standards and hypocrisy of the majority of the insensitive society. The researchers try to distinguish between these two groups from different psychological and psychoanalytic aspects. Despite the contrast between these two groups, there are some similarities in their sexual conceptions and psychological adjustment that clarify similarities in traits and responses in the form of adopting different mechanisms to adjust and remove tensions and alleviate anxiety employing the mechanisms Freud calls palliative remedies

Turbulent flows over porous lattices: alteration of near-wall turbulence and pore-flow amplitude modulation

Turbulent flows over porous lattices consisting of rectangular cuboid pores are investigated using scale-resolving direct numerical simulations. Beyond a certain threshold which is primarily determined by the wall-normal Darcy permeability, ${K_y}^+$, near-wall turbulence transitions from its canonical regime, marked by the presence of streak-like structures, to another marked by the presence of spanwise coherent structures reminiscent of the Kelvin-Helmholtz (K-H) type of instability. This permeability threshold agrees well with that previously established in studies where permeable-wall boundary conditions had been used as surrogates for a porous substrate. None of the substrates investigated demonstrate any drag reduction relative to smooth-wall turbulent flow. At the permeable surface, a significant component of the flow is that which adheres to the pore geometry and undergoes amplitude modulation (AM). This pore-coherent flow remains notable within the substrates, highlighting the importance of the porous substrate's microstructure when the overlying flow is turbulent, an aspect which cannot be accounted for when using continuum-based approaches to model porous media flows or effective representations such as wall boundary conditions. The severity of the AM is enhanced in the K-H-like regime, which has implications when designing porous substrates for transport processes. This suggests that the surface of the substrate can have a geometry which is different than the rest of it and tailored to influence the overlying flow in a particular way

Structural and Dynamic Insight into Hirudin Epitopes-HLADRB1 0101 Complexes and their Modified Peptide Ligands: A Molecular Dynamic Simulation Study

Purpose: To develop a hirudin therapeutic protein that eliminates unwanted immune response.Methods: Molecular dynamic simulation was performed on immunodominant hirudin epitopes 1-15 and 13-27 and its analog, modified peptide ligands (MPLs), namely, [Lys4] Hir1-15 and [Gly9] Hir1-15, [Gly21] Hir13-27 and [Lys21] Hir13-27. The selected epitopes were modeled and 20 ns of molecular dynamics simulation was performed on peptide-HLA1 0101 and MPLs-HLA1 0101 complexes to gain a better understanding of molecular recognition mechanisms of MHC peptide binding. Characterization of the process was done by evaluation of root mean square deviation (RMSD) and total energy of binding.Result: All complexes of MPLs-HLA-DRB1 0101 showed thermodynamically unstable structure in comparison with native epitopes-HLA-DRB1 0101. The findings indicate that these analogs have different orientation in HLA grooves and are not available for suitable interaction with HLA-DRB1 0101.Conclusion: Altogether, the results show the potentials of predictive methods and molecular modeling in molecular mimicry of peptide-MHC interaction and provide insights into the binding characteristics of antigen presentation mechanism.Keywords: Modified peptide ligand, Epitopes, MHC peptide binding, Hirudin, Modified peptide ligands, Molecular dynamic simulation, Binding free energ

{N,N′-Bis[(E)-3-phenyl­prop-2-en-1-yl­idene]propane-1,3-diamine-κ2 N,N′]dichloridocobalt(II)

The CoII atom in the title monomeric Schiff base complex, [CoCl2(C21H22N2)], is bonded to two Cl atoms and to two N atoms of the Schiff base ligand N,N′-bis­[(E)-3-phenyl­prop-2-en-1-yl­idene]propane-1,3-diamine in a distorted tetra­hedral geometry. The mol­ecule has an idealised mirror symmetry, but is not located on a crystallographic mirror plane

Prediction of Optimum Gas Mixture for Highest SXR Intensity Emitted by A 4kj Plasma Focus Device Using Artificial Neural Network

In this study, artificial neural network (ANN) is investigated to predict the optimum gas mixture for highest soft X-ray (SXR) intensity emitted by a 4kJ plasma focus device. To do this multi-layer perceptron (MLP) neural network is used for developing the ANN model in MATLAB 7.0.4 software. In this model, the input parameters are voltage, Percentage of nitrogen in admixture and pressure and the output is SXR intensity. The obtained results show that the proposed ANN model has achieved good agreement with the experimental data and has a small error between the estimated and experimental values. Therefore, this model is a useful, reliable, fast and cheap tool to predict the optimum gas mixture for highest SXR intensity emitted by plasma focus devices

INVESTIGATING EFFECT OF NURSING INTERVENTIONS, BASED ON WELLS SCORE RESULTS, ON THE INCIDENCE OF DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS IN PATIENTS ADMITTED TO THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT

 Objective: Venous thromboembolism, including deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), is a common complaint in critically ill patients. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the effect of nursing interventions, based on the Wells results, on the incidence of DVT in intensive care unit (ICU) patients.Methods: The present clinical trial was conducted on 72 ICU patients without DVT and PE who met the inclusion criteria according to Wells score in Dr. Ganjavian Hospital, Dezful in 2012. The participants were investigated and randomly divided into intervention (n=36) and control groups (n=36). The intervention group received preventive nursing measures based on the risk level determined by the Wells score, and routine therapeutic interventions were performed for the control group. Then, patients were evaluated using Wells score, D-dimer testing, and Doppler sonography on the 1st, 5th, and 10th days. Data were finally coded and entered into SPSS version 23. Data analysis was performed using Chi-square, Fisher's exact, and Mann–Whitney U tests.Results: The incidence of DVT in both groups showed that 2 patients of the control group who were identified to be at risk using the Wells score were diagnosed with DVT while none of the patients of the intervention group experienced DVT. The present study showed that 22.2% of the patients of the control group suffered from non-pitting edema, which was significantly different from the intervention group (p=0.005).Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that using the Wells score for early identification of the at-risk patients and nursing interventions based on this score's results is helpful in the prevention of DVT. Appropriate nursing interventions were also effective in reducing the incidence of non-pitting edema in the lower extremities

Nebulized Budesonide vs. Placebo in Adults with Asthma Attack; a Double Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

Introduction: Asthma is one of acute respiratory diseases leading to emergency department (ED) referral. Management of acute attack plays an important role in its outcome. Objective: This trial was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of nebulized budesonide versus placebo in moderate to severe acute asthma attack in adults in the ED. Method: In this clinical trial, we enrolled patients with acute exacerbation of asthma and standard treatment of acute asthma attack was administered to all of them. 41 patients in our study were randomly entered into 2 groups. In one group, we prescribed nebulized budesonide and in the other group nebulized placebo (normal saline) was administered. Patients’ demographic data, vital signs, symptoms’ acuity and the time of symptom relief, patient and physician satisfaction were all recorded and compared between the 2 groups. All cases were followed and disease outcome, readmission, mortality and morbidity rates were documented. Results: In this study, 20 patients were entered the budesonide group and 19 patients were enrolled in the placebo group. The mean age ranges were 55.70±15.30 and 60.32±18.41 years old respectively. Heart rate, respiratory rate and O2 saturation in the first group were improved significantly after the treatment in comparison to the second group (p<0.05). The mean time of recovery and length of hospital stay were better in the first group than the second group but this difference was not significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: The addition of nebulized budesonide to standard asthma treatment might result in more improvement in O2 saturation and less patient’s distress

2,2′-[(E,E)-1,1′-(2,2-Dimethyl­propane-1,3-diyldinitrilo)diethyl­idyne]diphenol

The title Schiff base, C21H26N2O2, contains two intra­molecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds between the hydroxyl groups and the nearest imine N atoms, each leading to a six-membered ring. Weak C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds result in a ladder network running along the a axis. In addition, inter­molecular C—H⋯π inter­actions serve to stabilize the extended structure