"If he could speak, he would be able to point out who does those things to him": Experiences of violence and access to child protection among children with disabilities in Uganda and Malawi.

INTRODUCTION: There is growing evidence that children with disabilities face an increased risk of violence globally. While child protection mechanisms to prevent and respond to violence-including formal government systems and more informal programmes and activities run by local communities or NGOs-are slowly becoming operationalised in low- and- middle-income countries, little is known about whether existing mechanisms are disability-inclusive. The aim of this study is to provide a better understanding of children with disabilities' experiences of violence and their access to available child protection mechanisms in low resource settings. METHODS: This study was conducted in Kasungu and Mulanje districts in Malawi and Kamuli district in Uganda between October-December 2015. In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with approximately 20 purposively selected child/caregiver pairs in each country (43 pairs total). Interviews with key informants involved in the provision of child protection and disability support were also conducted. All interviews were recorded, transcribed and coded in NVivo. Thematic Analysis, complemented by constant comparison as described in Grounded Theory, was used to analyse the data. RESULTS: Almost all children with disabilities reported experiencing violence, with verbal abuse and bullying the most common forms. Very few of these children sought recourse through available child protection mechanisms. Some of the key factors impeding access to child protection for children with disabilities included: lack of local government disability-inclusive planning and budgeting; centralization of limited disability and social protection services; financial barriers to seeking and receiving care; and stigma and negative attitudes toward disabilities. CONCLUSION: Children with disabilities face both high levels of violence and high barriers to accessing available child protection mechanisms. There is an urgent need to ensure that all efforts to prevent and respond to violence against children are more disability-inclusive. In addition, it may be appropriate to target child protection mechanisms specifically toward children with disabilities because of the different and intersecting vulnerabilities that they face

Interaction between Apocynin dimer and Cyclodextrin

In this work, it was studied the process of interaction between the Apocynin Dimer (DiApocynin - DiApo) and α, β or γ Cyclodextrin (CD). All processes were described considering the translational and rotational movements. The translational movement was considered along the z-axis followed by simultaneous rotational (circular) movements (from 0 to 360° in intervals of 1.0°) of the Apocynin Dimer around its center of mass. It were generated molecular structures in these processes and the calculations concerning the conformational analysis of α, β and γ-CD···DiApo were carried out using the PM3 semiempirical methodology. To the most stable molecular structures to α, β, γ-CD, according to statistical thermodynamic analysis, were obtained the interaction energies of -5,251; -63,012 e -65,637 kJ.mol-1 at ONIOM2(B3LYP/6-31G(d):PM3) level of theory, respectively.Neste trabalho, foi estudado o processo de interação entre o dímero de Apocinina (DiApocinina - DiApo) e Ciclodextrina (CD) nas formas α, β e γ. Todos os processos foram descritos considerando-se os movimentos translacionais e rotacionais. O movimento tra82417424FAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOsem informaçãosem informaçãoIn this work, it was studied the process of interaction between the Apocynin Dimer (DiApocynin - DiApo) and α, β or γ Cyclodextrin (CD). All processes were described considering the translational and rotational movements. The translational movement was coAgradecemos as facilidades computacionais do Instituto de Química da UNICAMP e do Grid/UNESP, ao apoio financeiro da FAPESP (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa de São Paulo) e do CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológic

Theoretical calculations of the proton affinities of n-alkylamines using the ONIOM method

The ONIOM method was used to calculate the proton affinities (PA) of n-alkylamines (CnH2n+1NH2, n = 3 to 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16 and 18). The calculations were carried out at several levels (HF, MP2, B3LYP, QCISD(T), ...) using Pople basis sets and at the QCISD(T) level using basis sets developed by the generator coordinate method (GCM) and adapted to effective core potentials. PAs were also obtained through the GCM and high level methods, like ONIOM[QCISD(T)/6-31+G(2df,p):MP2/6-31G+G(d,p))//ONIOM[MP2/6-31+G(d,p):HF/6-31G]. The average error using the GCM, with respect to experimental data, was 3.4 kJ mol-1.187193Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

«Et rikholdig ordtilfang uten å ville øve press i noen retning» – om Tanums store rettskrivningsordbok

Boye Wangensteen (red.): Tanums store rettskrivningsordbok. 10. utgave. Oslo: Kunnskapsforlaget 2015. s. ix–xi og 1–1576. Pris: 598 NOK. Elektronisk utgåve på <https://www.ordnett.no/>

Descriptions of crystalline structures of zeolites

Crystalline structures of zeolites can be studied using different representations: the internal symmetry obtained by X-Ray or neutron diffraction crystallography techniques or a systematic analysis of the basic structural units which can be arranged to build the geometries of each kind of zeolite. In this work the basic concepts of three building units, SBU (Secondary Building Units), SSU (Structural SubUnits) and PBU (Periodic Building Units) are presented. The properties of the resulting crystalline structures are discussed (pores, cavities, channels), describing the influence of each one of these properties in processes of physical-chemical interest. Representative case studies of known zeolite crystalline structures are also discussed in terms of their space group classification.178188Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Theoretical study of the gas-phase reaction: SF6 + CO+ -> SF5+ + FCO

Theoretical calculations using effective core potential (ECP) based methods were performed for a large number of molecular systems related to SF6. Hartree-Fock (HF), MP2 and QCISD(T) methods were used. The quantities computed include equilibrium molecular geometries, bond dissociation energies, and adiabatic ionization energies. Where possible these quantities are compared with information available in the literature. The equilibrium geometries produced using the ECP-based methods are in very good agreement with structures reported in the literature. For the various energy differences, corresponding to the processes listed above, the ECP-based energies reproduce the trends. In addition to calculations on individual molecules, the reaction of SF6 with CO+ was studied. The first objective was to locate the reactant ion-molecule complex, the transition state, and the product ion-molecule complex for each of these systems. In this reaction neither a transition state nor a reactant ion-molecule complex could be located using HF-based forces and energies, reaction seemed to pass without a barrier to SF5+ + FCO. The use of a CASSCF(7,7)/B0 method was required to find the reactant ion-molecule complex. Finally more detailed studies were made of how the energy and charge distribution change as the reaction proceeds from reactants to products. It was observed that the reaction SF6 + CO+ -> SF5+ + FCO occurs via F- abstraction, with the electronic energy barrier of 103.86 kJ mol-1

STIMULATION AUDITIVE CONTROLATÉRALE ET OTO-EMISSIONS ACOUSTIQUES PROVOQUÉES : II - EFFET DE L'AGE ET DE LESIONS AUDIO-VESTIBULAIRES

Une stimulation auditive par bruit blanc de 30 dB SL diminue l'intensité des oto-émissions acoustiques provoquées enregistrées dans l'oreille controlatérale. Cette diminution est moins importante chez les sujets âgés et dans les surdités liées au bruit.White noise auditory stimulation (30 dB SL) decreases intensity of evoked otoacoustic emissions recorded in contralateral ear. This decrease is weaker in alder subjects and in Noise Induced Hearing Loss