Inertial-Hall effect: the influence of rotation on the Hall conductivity

Inertial effects play an important role in classical mechanics but have been largely overlooked in quantum mechanics. Nevertheless, the analogy between inertial forces on mass particles and electromagnetic forces on charged particles is not new. In this paper, we consider a rotating non-interacting planar two-dimensional electron gas with a perpendicular uniform magnetic field and investigate the effects of the rotation in the Hall conductiv

From conspicuous to considered fashion: a harm chain approach to the responsibilities of fashion businesses

Throughout the marketing literature, little attention has been paid to the responsibilities of luxury fashion businesses. Harnessing Polonsky et al.’s (2003) ‘harm chain’, the extended ‘harm chain’ (Previte & Fry, 2006) and the theoretical lens of institutional theory, this conceptual paper explores a systematic way to examine the potential for value co-creation, the harmful outcomes linked to luxury fashion marketing activities, and how those harms might be addressed. The supply chain literature has largely ignored the omnipresent influence of the institutional environment. Therefore, our theoretical extension of the ‘harm chain’ to incorporate the institutional forces that cause harm has enabled us to redress the knowledge gap regarding the analysis of negative and positive value creation, broaden the debate around CSR by reconfiguring research into fashion businesses and considering CSR in the context of luxury fashion brands. Our analysis identifies a number of harms occurring throughout the luxury fashion supply chain. The paper concludes by urging luxury fashion businesses to sustain their success through ‘deep’ CSR, adding voice to the developing conversation that seeks to change the scope of the critique of marketing practice beyond the economic and competitive advantages that CSR delivers

Evidence of Local Adaptation in Plant Virus Effects on Host-Vector Interactions

Recent research suggests that plant viruses, and other pathogens, frequently alter host-plant phenotypes in ways that facilitate transmission by arthropod vectors. However, many viruses infect multiple hosts, raising questions about whether these pathogens are capable of inducing transmission-facilitating phenotypes in phylogenetically divergent host plants and the extent to which evolutionary history with a given host or plant community influences such effects. To explore these issues, we worked with two newly acquired field isolates of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV)—a widespread multi-host plant pathogen transmitted in a non-persistent manner by aphids—and explored effects on the phenotypes of different host plants and on their subsequent interactions with aphid vectors. An isolate collected from cultivated squash fields (KVPG2-CMV) induced in the native squash host (Cucurbita pepo) a suite of effects on host-vector interactions suggested by previous work to be conducive to transmission (including reduced host-plant quality for aphids, rapid aphid dispersal from infected to healthy plants, and enhanced aphid attraction to the elevated emission of a volatile blend similar to that of healthy plants). A second isolate (P1-CMV) collected from cultivated pepper (Capsicum annuum) induced more neutral effects in its native host (largely exhibiting non-significant trends in the direction of effects seen for KVPG2-CMV in squash). When we attempted cross-host inoculations of these two CMV isolates (KVPG2-CMV in pepper and P1-CMV in squash), P1-CMV was only sporadically able to infect the novel host; KVPG2-CMV infected the novel pepper host with somewhat reduced success compared with its native host and reached virus titers significantly lower than those observed for either strain in its native host. Furthermore, KVPG2-CMV induced changes in the phenotype of the novel host, and consequently in host-vector interactions, dramatically different than those observed in the native host and apparently maladaptive with respect to virus transmission (e.g., host plant quality for aphids was significantly improved in this instance, and aphid dispersal was reduced). Taken together, these findings provide evidence of adaption by CMV to local hosts (including reduced infectivity and replication in novel versus native hosts) and further suggest that such adaptation may extend to effects on host-plant traits mediating interactions with aphid vectors. Thus, these results are consistent with the hypothesis that virus effects on host-vector interactions can be adaptive, and they suggest that multi-host pathogens may exhibit adaptation with respect to these and other effects on host phenotypes, perhaps especially in homogeneous monoculture

Cevadilha vacariana (Bromus auleticusTrinius): histórico, utilização e perspectivas.

Histórico e importância; Resultados de pesquisa e considerações gerais; Considerações finais e perspectivas.bitstream/item/64232/1/DT88.pdfTambém publicado na versão impressa

Role of plant sensory perception in plant-animal interactions

Plants actively gather information about their environments via a range of sensory modalities and respond in ways that profoundly influence their interactions with other organism

Electronic properties of curved graphene sheets

A model is proposed to study the electronic structure of slightly curved graphene sheets with an arbitrary number of pentagon-heptagon pairs and Stone-Wales defects based on a cosmological analogy. The disorder induced by curvature produces characteristic patterns in the local density of states that can be observed in scanning tunnel and transmission electron microscopy.Comment: Corrected versio