1,150 research outputs found
An exploration of ebook selection behavior in academic library collections
Academic libraries have offered ebooks for some time, however little is known about how readers interact with them while making relevance decisions. In this paper we seek to address that gap by analyzing ebook transaction logs for books in a university library
Leak Rate Quantification Method for Gas Pressure Seals with Controlled Pressure Differential
An enhancement to the pressure decay leak rate method with mass point analysis solved deficiencies in the standard method. By adding a control system, a constant gas pressure differential across the test article was maintained. As a result, the desired pressure condition was met at the onset of the test, and the mass leak rate and measurement uncertainty were computed in real-time. The data acquisition and control system were programmed to automatically stop when specified criteria were met. Typically, the test was stopped when a specified level of measurement uncertainty was attained. Using silicone O-ring test articles, the new method was compared with the standard method that permitted the downstream pressure to be non-constant atmospheric pressure. The two methods recorded comparable leak rates, but the new method recorded leak rates with significantly lower measurement uncertainty, statistical variance, and test duration. Utilizing this new method in leak rate quantification, projects will reduce cost and schedule, improve test results, and ease interpretation between data sets
Structure, classifcation, and conformal symmetry, of elementary particles over non-archimedean space-time
It is known that no length or time measurements are possible in sub-Planckian
regions of spacetime. The Volovich hypothesis postulates that the
micro-geometry of spacetime may therefore be assumed to be non-archimedean. In
this letter, the consequences of this hypothesis for the structure,
classification, and conformal symmetry of elementary particles, when spacetime
is a flat space over a non-archimedean field such as the -adic numbers, is
explored. Both the Poincar\'e and Galilean groups are treated. The results are
based on a new variant of the Mackey machine for projective unitary
representations of semidirect product groups which are locally compact and
second countable. Conformal spacetime is constructed over -adic fields and
the impossibility of conformal symmetry of massive and eventually massive
particles is proved
Can invasions occur without change? A comparison of G-matrices and selection in the peach-potato aphid, Myzus persicae
Most evolutionary research on biological invasions has focused on changes seen between the native and invaded range for a particular species. However, it is likely that species that live in human-modified habitats in their native range might have evolved specific adaptations to those environments, which increase the likelihood of establishment and spread in similar human-altered environments. From a quantitative genetic perspective, this hypothesis suggests that both native and introduced populations should reside at or near the same adaptive peak. Therefore, we should observe no overall changes in the G (genetic variance–covariance) matrices between native and introduced ranges, and stabilizing selection on fitness-related traits in all populations. We tested these predictions comparing three populations of the worldwide pest Myzus persicae from the Middle East (native range) and the UK and Chile (separately introduced ranges). In general, our results provide mixed support for this idea, but further comparisons of other species are needed. In particular, we found that there has been some limited evolution in the studied traits, with the Middle East population differing from the UK and Chilean populations. This was reflected in the structure of the G-matrices, in which Chile differed from both UK and Middle East populations. Furthermore, the amount of genetic variation was massively reduced in Chile in comparison with UK and Middle East populations. Finally, we found no detectable selection on any trait in the three populations, but clones from the introduced ranges started to reproduce later, were smaller, had smaller offspring, and had lower reproductive fitness than clones from the native range
Higher-order mutual coherence of optical and matter waves
We use an operational approach to discuss ways to measure the higher-order
cross-correlations between optical and matter-wave fields. We pay particular
attention to the fact that atomic fields actually consist of composite
particles that can easily be separated into their basic constituents by a
detection process such as photoionization. In the case of bosonic fields, that
we specifically consider here, this leads to the appearance in the detection
signal of exchange contributions due to both the composite bosonic field and
its individual fermionic constituents. We also show how time-gated counting
schemes allow to isolate specific contributions to the signal, in particular
involving different orderings of the Schr\"odinger and Maxwell fields.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figure
Octupole Deformation in the Odd-Odd Nucleus 224-Ac
This research was sponsored by the National Science Foundation Grant NSF PHY-931478
Exciting, Cooling And Vortex Trapping In A Bose-Condensed Gas
A straight forward numerical technique, based on the Gross-Pitaevskii
equation, is used to generate a self-consistent description of
thermally-excited states of a dilute boson gas. The process of evaporative
cooling is then modelled by following the time evolution of the system using
the same equation. It is shown that the subsequent rethermalisation of the
thermally-excited state produces a cooler coherent condensate. Other results
presented show that trapping vortex states with the ground state may be
possible in a two-dimensional experimental environment.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figures. It's worth the wait! To be published in Physical
Review A, 1st February 199
Cohort profile: A population-based record linkage platform to address critical epidemiological evidence gaps in respiratory syncytial virus and other respiratory infections
Introduction The Western Australia (WA) Respiratory Infections Linked Data Platform is a population-based cohort established to investigate the epidemiology of RSV and other respiratory infections in children aged 0-10 years, incorporating microbiological testing patterns, hospital admissions, emergency department presentations, and socio-demographic data. Methods The cohort was formed through individual linkages between datasets from the WA Department of Health including the Birth and Death Registry, Midwives Notification System (MNS), Hospital Morbidity Data Collection, Emergency Department Data Collection, WA Notifiable Diseases Database, WA Register of Developmental Anomalies, WA Cerebral Palsy Register, WA Antenatal Vaccination Database, WA Family Connections, and PathWest Respiratory Virus Surveillance Data. Hospitalisations and emergency department presentations were temporally linked to routine respiratory viral surveillance data. Results The cohort consists of 368,830 WA births between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2020 with accompanying perinatal and demographic data, and with secondary care follow-up to 30 June 2022. Of these births, 24,660 (6.7%) identify as Aboriginal. A total of 4,077 (1.1%) children died from all causes during the study period (2010-2020), and 9.2% (33,818) of children were born preterm (<37 weeks). Conclusion The Respiratory Infections Linked Data Platform enables epidemiological investigations, identifying virus-specific risk groups, risk factors, clinical presentation, viral testing patterns, long-term impacts and accurate measures of viral incidence rates in risk and population sub-groups This will not only aid in the calculation of cost-effectiveness estimates of interventions such as immunisations, but also provide guidance for design and implementation of such programs to priority groups. The Respiratory Infections Linked Data Platform will also enable evaluation of the direct and indirect effects of maternal and infant vaccines and new therapeutics. Analyses using this platform will also generate epidemiological data needed for other respiratory viruses on the vaccine pipeline such as parainfluenza virus and human metapneumovirus
Input-output theory for fermions in an atom cavity
We generalize the quantum optical input-output theory developed for optical
cavities to ultracold fermionic atoms confined in a trapping potential, which
forms an "atom cavity". In order to account for the Pauli exclusion principle,
quantum Langevin equations for all cavity modes are derived. The dissipative
part of these multi-mode Langevin equations includes a coupling between cavity
modes. We also derive a set of boundary conditions for the Fermi field that
relate the output fields to the input fields and the field radiated by the
cavity. Starting from a constant uniform current of fermions incident on one
side of the cavity, we use the boundary conditions to calculate the occupation
numbers and current density for the fermions that are reflected and transmitted
by the cavity
Geometric effects on T-breaking in p+ip and d+id superconductors
Superconducting order parameters that change phase around the Fermi surface
modify Josephson tunneling behavior, as in the phase-sensitive measurements
that confirmed order in the cuprates. This paper studies Josephson coupling
when the individual grains break time-reversal symmetry; the specific cases
considered are and , which may appear in SrRuO and
NaCoO(HO) respectively. -breaking order parameters
lead to frustrating phases when not all grains have the same sign of
time-reversal symmetry breaking, and the effects of these frustrating phases
depend sensitively on geometry for 2D arrays of coupled grains. These systems
can show perfect superconducting order with or without macroscopic
-breaking. The honeycomb lattice of superconducting grains has a
superconducting phase with no spontaneous breaking of but instead power-law
correlations. The superconducting transition in this case is driven by binding
of fractional vortices, and the zero-temperature criticality realizes a
generalization of Baxter's three-color model.Comment: 8 page
- …