A prospective study on prevalence and characteristics of hematologic effects associated with subclinical hypothyroidism

Background: Distinctive types of iron deficiency have been accounted for patients with obvious hypothyroidism with a predominance of up to 47%. Regardless of the fact that vitamin B12, folic corrosive and iron fixations are ordinary, weakness that standardizes in light of thyroxine substitution is found in up to 25% of hypothyroid patients.Methods: Briefly, 50 women with SCH were enrolled in the study. Patients between 18 and 65 years old, with TSH levels more than 5.0 mIU/L, the patients selected has a history of hypothyroidism for more than a year and were on oral levothyroxine. A total of 50 participants were enrolled in the study. Blood samples were collected from 50 selected hypothyroid patients on the basis of a history of a hypothyroidism, persistent Anemia, of these patients all were females.Results: In present study 25 cases of age group 41-65 years  there were almost 10 patients having high thyroid stimulating factor (Tsh) that is more than (0.3-5.0U/Ml), Constitute to be 40% cases in this age category. Hence patients with high age may slower the response towards a levothyroxine hormone and hence have the high risk of developing anemia.Conclusions: Thyroid dysfunctions have an immediate impact on hemoglobin levels and these progressions should be considered in therapeutic consideration by medical practitioner

3-Cylinder gasoline direct injection as opposed to 4-cylinder multi-port fuel injection for lower fuel consumption and NOX emission

The need for an engine that offers a low fuel consumption and good low-end torque grown for the past few years. The European environment protection agencies have drawn d<J the emission limits annually with emerging countries has started to adopt the European legislation. OEMs world wide have strived to meet the stringent regulation that made them develop smaller engine capacity with high low-end torque. Furthermore, continuously increas price of the fuel requires improving the engine efficiency. Electronic controlled Multi-Port Fuel Injection (MPFI) systems instead of fuel system with carburettor have been used since 1980 Development of small vehicle segments has started to look for alternatives to meet the consumption challenge. Therefore, adoption of gasoline direct injection (GOi) fuel systems new small engines hopefully can reduce hydrocarbon emissions by having fuelling and controls separated. Both 3-cylinder and 4-cylinder base engine configurations will be ex}: for the same engine capacity of 1.2 L. Improvements in hydrocarbon emissions, heat losses scavenging will be compared bet\veen the engmes. Plus, factors of packaging and considerations will also be look upon

EFFECT OF LEAD (PB) ON PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ARTEMISIA ANNUA L

Abstract Artemisia annua L., often known as sweet wormwood, sweet Annie, sweet sagewort, and annual wormwood, is a widespread species of wormwood that originated in temperate Asia but has since spread naturally around the world. It is a member of the Asteraceae family. Chinese medicinal plant Artemisia annua L.is renowned for its antiplasmodial, antirheumatic, and anticancer effects. Currently, Artemisia annua L.is the source of artemisinin and semi-synthetic artemisinin derivatives, such as dihydroartemisinin, artesunate, artemether, and arteether, which are used to make combination therapies (ACTs, or artemisinin-based combination therapies) for the treatment of malaria. This study focuses on how lead (Pb) affects Artemisia annua L. physiochemical and bioactive characteristics. Effects of lead the variables that were examined—carotenoids, stomatal conductance, chlorophyll content, and photosynthesis—were all impacted by lead concentrations in various ways. For plants, animals, and humans alike, lead is an extremely dangerous environmental pollutant. The presence of Pb as an impurity in fertilizers over a long period of time is another factor in its occurrence in fields. Pb is actually present in many different environments, such as the soil, water, air, fertilizers, and so on. The results also showed that at various lead concentrations, germination percentage, shoot length, root length, leaf yield, and fresh weight decreased. In the plant treated with various doses of lead, the accumulation of CA activity, proline content, and CAT activity, among other things, was reduced

Design and Development of a Fuel Cell Car Prototype

A hydrogen vehicle is a vehicle that uses hydrogen as its on-board fuel for motive power. One of the ways to achieve it is by converting the chemical energy from the reaction between hydrogen and fuel cell to electrical energy. The purpose of this work is to design and develop a fuel cell car model by implementing polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) types of fuel cell as the source of power to propel the prototype car. This fuel cell has capability to propel the electric motor by performing chemical reaction and converting chemical energy stored in hydrogen gas into useful electrical energy. In the developed fuel cell car prototype, PEM fuel cell alone is used as the power source for the electric motor without the aid of any other power source such as battery associated with it. Experimental investigations were carried out to investigate the characteristics of fuel cell used and the performance of the fuel cell car prototype. The power it develops, voltage, current and speed it produces under different load conditions are among the parameters that were investigated

Design and investigation of a fuel cell car prototype

A hydrogen vehicle is a vehicle that uses hydrogen as its on-board fuel for motive power. One of the ways to achieve it is by converting the chemical energy from the reaction between hydrogen and fuel cell to electrical energy. The purpose of this work is to design and develop a fuel cell car model by implementing polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) types of fuel cell as the source of power to propel the prototype car. This fuel cell has capability to propel the electric motor by performing chemical reaction and converting chemical energy stored in hydrogen gas into useful electrical energy. In the developed fuel cell car prototype, PEM fuel cell alone is used as the power source for the electric motor without the aid of any other power source such as battery associated with it. Experimental investigations were carried out to investigate the characteristics of fuel cell used and the performance of the fuel cell car prototype. The power it develops, voltage, current and speed it produces under different load conditions are among the parameters that were investigated

Strength Estimation of Concrete in Different Environments Using UPV

Deterioration of concrete in a structure is a result of several internal and external degradation mechanisms which decrease the strength or the integrity of the structure. This paper presents results of use of non-destructive ultrasonic pulse velocity tests (UPV) to determine the strength of concrete in three different environments, namely oven-dry, air-dry and saturated conditions, as the full potential of UPV in different environments is still not fully explored. Moisture is known to have a significant effect on ultrasonic pulse velocity. In order to improve the efficiency of UPV in estimating the concrete strength, the degree of moisture present in the concrete i.e. the physical condition of the concrete is to be considered. Pulse velocity path in the different physical conditions of concrete also has to be examined. In the present investigations, four different grades of concrete in three different environments were considered. Extensive series of tests were carried out in the laboratory to obtain a correlation of the UPV test results with the actual compressive strength of concrete. A total of 108 cubes were cast. The cement used was the ordinary Portland cement and the coarse aggregate consisted of granite with the maximum aggregate size of 19mm as is generally used in conventional RC structures. The DOE-method of mix-design was used to design four different grades of concrete in order to simulate concrete strengths found in practice. Test results indicated that the presence of moisture in concrete changes the UPV values significantly. The UPV tests through the direct transmission measurements display better estimates compared to the indirect measurements. Exponential expressions have been proposed for the strength estimation of concrete under oven dry and air dry conditions

Performance analysis of a highly available home agent in mobile networks

Network Mobility as a service is provided by the NEMO protocol in IPv6 environments. NEMO is an extension to MIPv6, and thus inherits the same reliability problems of MIPv6. MIPv6 is not reliable because the Home Agent (HA) is a single point of failure. In order to provide real-time services for MIPv6 networks, reliability should be considered as part of any high availability solution used to deploy Mobile IPv6 networks. Approach: Many approaches have been taken to solve the problem of HA as a single point of failure. In our proposed solution, failure detection and recovery is handled by the home agent. Therefore, recovery is transparent to the mobile network. Results: In this work we opted for using HA redundancy to provide a highly available home agent solution which achieves recovery times suitable for real-time applications

An Enhanced Estimator to Multi-objective OSPF WeightSetting Problem

Abstract—Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is a routing protocol which is widely used in the Industry. Its functionality mainly depends on the weights assigned to the links. Given the traffic demands on a network, setting weights such that congestion can be avoided is an NP-hard problem. Optimizing these link weights leads to efficient network utilization which is the main goal of traffic engineering. In this paper, Simulated Annealing iterative heuristic is applied to this problem. This will provide close-to-optimal solutions that can be used for network provisioning. For this problem, the cost function that has been used in the literature depends solely on the links utilization and therefore optimizes only the network utilization. In this paper, our goal is to optimize the number of congested links in the network in addition to the utilization. Therefore, we propose a new cost function that depends on the utilization and the extra load caused by congested links in the network. This provides the network designer with more flexibility to optimize desired parameters. Our results show less number of congested links and comparable extra load in the network when compared to results of using the existing cost function