1,339 research outputs found
Inflaton versus Curvaton in Higher Dimensional Gauge Theories
We construct a model of cosmological inflation and perturbation based on the
higher-dimensional gauge theory. The inflaton and curvaton are the scalar
fields arising from the extra space components of the gauge field living in
more than four dimensions. We take the six-dimensional (6D) Yang-Mills theory
compactified on as a toy model, and apply the one-loop effective
potential of the inflaton and the curvaton to the curvaton scenario. We have
found that the curvaton is subdominant for the linear curvature perturbation,
but that a significant non-Gaussianity and a sizable tensor to scalar ratio are
generated.Comment: 17 pages, 14 eps figures, The discussions of the role of the non-zero
KK modes, the reheating temperature, the tensor-scalar ratio and the role of
gravity added, References added, Minor changes in each section
Higgs-Inflaton Potential in Higher-Dimensional SUSY Gauge Theories
We study the possibility that the Higgs and the inflaton are the same single
field or cousins arising from the extra space components of some
higher-dimensional gauge field. We take 5D supersymmetric gauge theory with a
matter compactified on S^1 as a toy model and evaluate the one-loop
contribution to the Higgs-inflaton potential. Our gauge-Higgs-inflaton
unification picture applied to the gauge field of intermediate energy scale
(\sim 10^{13} GeV) can explain the observed inflation parameters without
fine-tuning.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures, Title and abstract are slightly changed. Our
results are also modifie
Predictability of Volcano Eruption: lessons from a basaltic effusive volcano
Volcano eruption forecast remains a challenging and controversial problem
despite the fact that data from volcano monitoring significantly increased in
quantity and quality during the last decades.This study uses pattern
recognition techniques to quantify the predictability of the 15 Piton de la
Fournaise (PdlF) eruptions in the 1988-2001 period using increase of the daily
seismicity rate as a precursor. Lead time of this prediction is a few days to
weeks. Using the daily seismicity rate, we formulate a simple prediction rule,
use it for retrospective prediction of the 15 eruptions,and test the prediction
quality with error diagrams. The best prediction performance corresponds to
averaging the daily seismicity rate over 5 days and issuing a prediction alarm
for 5 days. 65% of the eruptions are predicted for an alarm duration less than
20% of the time considered. Even though this result is concomitant of a large
number of false alarms, it is obtained with a crude counting of daily events
that are available from most volcano observatoriesComment: 4 pages, 4 figure
<Abstract of Published Report>Nucleotide Sequence of 55-rDNA Intergenic Spacer Region in Angelica acutiloba.
Lipid peroxidation and the reduction of ADP-Fe3+ chelate by NADH-ubiquinone reductase preparation from bovine heart mitochondria
Isolated gestational proteinuria preceding the diagnosis of preeclampsia : an observational study
Introduction. Some pregnant women develop significant proteinuria in the absence of hypertension. However, clinical significance of isolated gestational proteinuria (IGP) is not well understood. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of IGP in singleton pregnancies and the proportion of women with IGP who subsequently developed preeclampsia (IGP-PE) among all PE cases. Material and methods. This was an observational study of 6819 women with singleton pregnancies at 12 centers, including 938 women with at least once determination of protein-to-creatinine ratio (P/Cr). Significant proteinuria in pregnancy (SPIP) was defined as P/Cr (mg/mg) level >0.27. IGP was defined as SPIP in the absence of hypertension. Gestational hypertension (GH) preceding preeclampsia (GH-PE) was defined as preeclampsia (PE) in which GH preceded SPIP. Simultaneous PE (S-PE) was defined as PE in which both SPIP and hypertension occurred simultaneously. Results. IGP and PE were diagnosed in 130 (1.9%) and 158 (2.3%) of 6819 women, respectively. Of 130 women with IGP, 32 (25%) progressed to PE and accounted for 20% of all women with PE. Hence, women with IGP had a relative risk of 13.1 (95% CI; 9.2-18.5) for developing PE compared with those without IGP [25% (32/130) vs. 1.9% (126/6689)]. At diagnosis of SPIP, P/Cr levels already exceeded 1.0 more often in women with S-PE than in those with IGP-PE [67% (33/49) vs. 44% (14/32), respectively, p = 0.031]. Conclusions. IGP is a risk factor for PE, and IGP-PE accounts for a considerable proportion (20%) of all PE
NADPH oxidase of guinea-pig macrophages catalyses the reduction of ubiquinone-1 under anaerobic conditions
Alteration of inner-membrane components and damage to electron-transfer activities of bovine heart submitochondrial particles induced by NADPH-dependent lipid peroxidation
Muon radiography and deformation analysis of the lava dome formed by the 1944 eruption of Usu, Hokkaido âContact between high-energy physics and volcano physicsâ
Lava domes are one of the conspicuous topographic features on volcanoes. The subsurface structure of the lava dome is important to discuss its formation mechanism. In the 1944 eruption of Volcano Usu, Hokkaido, a new lava dome was formed at its eastern foot. After the completion of the lava dome, various geophysical methods were applied to the dome to study its subsurface structure, but resulted in a rather ambiguous conclusion. Recently, from the results of the levelings, which were repeated during the eruption, âpseudo growth curvesâ of the lava dome were obtained. The curves suggest that the lava dome has a bulbous shape. In the present work, muon radiography, which previously proved effective in imaging the internal structure of Volcano Asama, has been applied to the Usu lava dome. The muon radiography measures the distribution of the âdensity lengthâ of volcanic bodies when detectors are arranged properly. The result obtained is consistent with the model deduced from the pseudo growth curves. The measurement appears to afford useful method to clarify the subsurface structure of volcanoes and its temporal changes, and in its turn to discuss volcanic processes. This is a point of contact between high-energy physics and volcano physics
- âŠ