SMAPVEX12: the latest dirt on soil moisture monitoring with remote sensing

Non-Peer Reviewe

Efeitos da suplementação de alto nível de cobre e de biotina na dieta de suínos de 8 a 20 kg

Two trials were carried out to investigate the need for supplemental biotin in the diet of weanling pigs when high dietary copper is used as growth promoter. Wheat - soybean meal based feeds, containing marginal levels of biotin (.10 ppm) were supplemented or not with .4 ppm biotin (BIO) and 250 ppm copper (COP). The diets were fed to 168 piglets weaned at 4 weeks of age with an average weight of 7.8 kg. The trials were conducted for 5 weeks. In trial 1 there was a BIO x COP interaction (P ; .05). The combination of supplemental BIO and COP did not result in further improvement in performance compared to the individual supplementation.Dois experimentos foram conduzidos para investigar a necessidade de suplementação de biotina na dieta de leitões recém desmamados quando o cobre é utilizado como promotor de crescimento. Rações com níveis marginais de biotina (0,10 ppm), formuladas à base de trigo e farelo de soja, foram suplementadas ou não com 0,4 ppm de biotina (BIO) e 250 ppm de cobre (COB) e fornecidas a 168 leitões desmamados com 4 semanas de idade e peso médio de 7,8 kg. Os experimentos tiveram duração de 5 semanas. No experimento 1 houve uma interação BIO x COB (P < 0,05) no ganho de peso dos leitões, com BIO promovendo uma melhora de 10% na ausência de COB, mas não na presença de COB; COB resultou em um aumento de 16% no ganho de peso na ausência de BIO, mas não em sua presença . Também houve uma melhora de 7% na conversão alimentar dos leitões que receberam COB (P; 0,05). A suplementação conjunta de COB e BIO não melhorou o desempenho dos animais, em relação a sua suplementação individual

Efeitos da suplementação independente de sódio e cloro na dieta de suínos na fase inicial

This study was conducted to assess the effects of different dietary levels of sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) on performance and blood electrolyte concentration of starter pigs. The treatments consisted of diets based on corn and soybean meal containing 0.12 or 0.18% Na and 0.04; 0.12 or 0.20% Cl in a factorial arrangement. Six weaning pigs were housed in each of 12 pens in a complete randomized block design with 2 replicates per treatment. The average initial weight was 7.5 kg and the trial was conducted for 4 weeks. Sodium bicarbonate and ammonium chloride were the sources of Na and Cl, respectively. Plasma determinations of Na, Cl, Ca and P were performed at the end of the trial. Sodium did not affect performance of the piglets (P >;.10). The lower Cl level (.04% Cl) resulted in less weight gain and feed efficiency (P ; 0,10) dos animais. As dietas não suplementadas com Cl (0,04% Cl) resultaram em ganho de peso e conversão alimentar inferiores (P ; 0,10). O nível mais baixo de Cl resultou em menor concentração plasmática de Cl e P (P < 0,01), não afetando Ca e Na no plasma. As diferentes combinações de 0,12 ou 0,18% Na com 0,12 ou 0,20% Cl na dieta resultaram em desempenho adequado dos leitões

Using optical spectroscopy to map the geometry and structure of the irradiated accretion discs in low-mass X-ray binaries:the pilot study of MAXI J0637-430

The recurring transient outbursts in low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) provide us with strong test-beds for constraining the poorly understood accretion process. While impossible to image directly, phase-resolved spectroscopy can provide a powerful diagnostic to study their highly complex, time-dependent accretion discs. We present an 8-month long multi-wavelength (UV, optical, X-ray) monitoring campaign of the new candidate black hole LMXB MAXI J0637$-$430 throughout its 2019/2020 outburst, using the {\em Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory}, as well as three quasi-simultaneous epochs of Gemini/GMOS optical spectroscopy. We find evidence for the existence of a correlation between the X-ray irradiation heating the accretion disc and the evolution of the He {\sc ii} 4686 \AA emission line profiles detected in the optical spectra. Our results demonstrate a connection between the line emitting regions and physical properties of the X-ray irradiation heating the discs during outburst cycles of LMXBs. Further, we are able to show that changes in the physical properties of the irradiation heating the disc in outburst can be imprinted within the H/He emission line profiles themselves in these systems.Comment: 23 pages (including 3 appendices), 10 figures, supplementary figures included in the appendices, accepted for publication in MNRA

Has the evolution of complexity in the amphibian papilla influenced anuran speciation rates?

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/72375/1/j.1420-9101.2006.01079.x.pd

Fourier Analysis of Gapped Time Series: Improved Estimates of Solar and Stellar Oscillation Parameters

Quantitative helio- and asteroseismology require very precise measurements of the frequencies, amplitudes, and lifetimes of the global modes of stellar oscillation. It is common knowledge that the precision of these measurements depends on the total length (T), quality, and completeness of the observations. Except in a few simple cases, the effect of gaps in the data on measurement precision is poorly understood, in particular in Fourier space where the convolution of the observable with the observation window introduces correlations between different frequencies. Here we describe and implement a rather general method to retrieve maximum likelihood estimates of the oscillation parameters, taking into account the proper statistics of the observations. Our fitting method applies in complex Fourier space and exploits the phase information. We consider both solar-like stochastic oscillations and long-lived harmonic oscillations, plus random noise. Using numerical simulations, we demonstrate the existence of cases for which our improved fitting method is less biased and has a greater precision than when the frequency correlations are ignored. This is especially true of low signal-to-noise solar-like oscillations. For example, we discuss a case where the precision on the mode frequency estimate is increased by a factor of five, for a duty cycle of 15%. In the case of long-lived sinusoidal oscillations, a proper treatment of the frequency correlations does not provide any significant improvement; nevertheless we confirm that the mode frequency can be measured from gapped data at a much better precision than the 1/T Rayleigh resolution.Comment: Accepted for publication in Solar Physics Topical Issue "Helioseismology, Asteroseismology, and MHD Connections

Evidence for a three-nucleon-force effect in proton-deuteron elastic scattering

Developments in spin-polarized internal targets for storage rings have permitted measurements of 197 MeV polarized protons scattering from vector polarized deuterons. This work presents measurements of the polarization observables A_y, iT_11, and C_y,y in proton-deuteron elastic scattering. When compared to calculations with and without three-nucleon forces, the measurements indicate that three-nucleon forces make a significant contribution to the observables. This work indicates that three-body forces derived from static nuclear properties appear to be crucial to the description of dynamical properties.Comment: 8 pages 2 figures Latex, submitted to Phys. Rev. Letter

Effect of antenatal depression on adverse birth outcomes in Gondar town, Ethiopia: A community-based cohort study

Published: June 17, 2020BACKGROUND:The impact of antenatal depression on pregnancy outcomes has been well investigated in developed countries, but few studies have been conducted in low-income countries. As depression is significantly affected by socio-economic and cultural factors, it would be difficult to generalize evidence from high-income countries to low-income countries. We conducted a community-based cohort study to estimate the incidence of adverse birth outcomes and the direct and indirect pathways via which depression and other psychosocial risk factors may impact such birth outcomes within Gondar town, Ethiopia. METHODS:The study followed 916 pregnant women who were screened for antenatal depression using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). We also assessed the incidence of preterm births, Low Birth Weight (LBW) and stillbirths. Modified Poisson regression was used to estimate the relative risk of predictors on adverse birth outcomes and a Generalized Structural Equation Model (GSEM) was used to estimate the direct and indirect effect of antenatal depression and other psychological risk factors on adverse birth outcomes. RESULTS:The cumulative incidence of stillbirth, LBW and preterm was 1.90%, 5.25%, and 16.42%, respectively. The risk of preterm birth was 1.61, 1.46, 1.49, and 1.77 times higher among participants who identified as Muslim, reported being fearful of delivery, were government employee's, and who had no antenatal care services, respectively. Partner support moderated the association between depression, preterm birth, and LBW. Depression had no direct effect on birth outcomes but indirectly affected preterm birth via partner support. Religion had both direct and indirect effects on preterm birth, while occupation and fear of delivery had direct effects. The risk of LBW was 9.44 and 2.19 times higher among preterm births and those who had exposure to tobacco, respectively. Stress coping was indirectly associated, and preterm birth and tobacco exposure were directly associated with LBW. The risk of stillbirth was 3.22 times higher in women with antenatal depression and 73% lower in women with higher coping abilities. CONCLUSIONS:There was a high incidence of all adverse birth outcomes in Gondar Town. Depression and psychosocial risk factors had important indirect negative effects on risk, while partner support provided a positive indirect effect on the incidence of adverse birth outcomes. Interventions that focus on increasing partner engagement and participation in antenatal support may help reduce adverse birth outcomes by enhancing maternal resilience.Abel Fekadu Dadi, Emma R. Miller, Richard J. Woodman, Telake Azale, Lillian Mwanr