66 research outputs found

    An Application of Using Support Vector Machine Based on Classification Technique for Predicting Medical Data Sets

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    © 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG. This paper illustrates the utilise of various kind of machine learning approaches based on support vector machines for classifying Sickle Cell Disease data set. It has demonstrated that support vector machines generate an essential enhancement when applied for the pre-processing of clinical time-series data set. In this aspect, the objective of this study is to present discoveries for a number of classes of approaches for therapeutically associated problems in the purpose of acquiring high accuracy and performance. The primary case in this study includes classifying the dosage necessary for each patient individually. We applied a number of support vector machines to examine sickle cell data set based on the performance evaluation metrics. The result collected from a number of models have indicated that, support vector Classifier demonstrated inferior outcomes in comparison to Radial Basis Support Vector Classifier. For our Sickle cell data sets, it was found that the Parzen Kernel Support Vector Classifier produced the highest levels of performance and accuracy during training procedure accuracy 0.89733, AUC 0.94267. Where the testing set process, accuracy 0.81778, the area under the curve with 0.86556

    Detecting human Activities Based on a multimodal sensor data set using a bidirectional long short-term memory model: a case study

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    Human falls are one of the leading causes of fatal unintentional injuries worldwide. Falls result in a direct financial cost to health systems, and indirectly, to society’s productivity. Unsurprisingly, human fall detection and prevention is a major focus of health research. In this chapter, we present and evaluate several bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) models using a data set provided by the Challenge UP competition. The main goal of this study is to detect 12 human daily activities (six daily human activities, five falls, and one post-fall activity) derived from multi-modal data sources - wearable sensors, ambient sensors, and vision devices. Our proposed Bi-LSTM model leverages data from accelerometer and gyroscope sensors located at the ankle, right pocket, belt, and neck of the subject. We utilize a grid search technique to evaluate variations of the Bi-LSTM model and identify a configuration that presents the best results. The best Bi-LSTM model achieved good results for precision and f1-score, 43.30% and 38.50%, respectivel

    Systematic Review of Potential Health Risks Posed by Pharmaceutical, Occupational and Consumer Exposures to Metallic and Nanoscale Aluminum, Aluminum Oxides, Aluminum Hydroxide and Its Soluble Salts

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    Aluminum (Al) is a ubiquitous substance encountered both naturally (as the third most abundant element) and intentionally (used in water, foods, pharmaceuticals, and vaccines); it is also present in ambient and occupational airborne particulates. Existing data underscore the importance of Al physical and chemical forms in relation to its uptake, accumulation, and systemic bioavailability. The present review represents a systematic examination of the peer-reviewed literature on the adverse health effects of Al materials published since a previous critical evaluation compiled by Krewski et al. (2007). Challenges encountered in carrying out the present review reflected the experimental use of different physical and chemical Al forms, different routes of administration, and different target organs in relation to the magnitude, frequency, and duration of exposure. Wide variations in diet can result in Al intakes that are often higher than the World Health Organization provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI), which is based on studies with Al citrate. Comparing daily dietary Al exposures on the basis of “total Al”assumes that gastrointestinal bioavailability for all dietary Al forms is equivalent to that for Al citrate, an approach that requires validation. Current occupational exposure limits (OELs) for identical Al substances vary as much as 15-fold. The toxicity of different Al forms depends in large measure on their physical behavior and relative solubility in water. The toxicity of soluble Al forms depends upon the delivered dose of Al+ 3 to target tissues. Trivalent Al reacts with water to produce bidentate superoxide coordination spheres [Al(O2)(H2O4)+ 2 and Al(H2O)6 + 3] that after complexation with O2‱−, generate Al superoxides [Al(O2‱)](H2O5)]+ 2. Semireduced AlO2‱ radicals deplete mitochondrial Fe and promote generation of H2O2, O2 ‱ − and OH‱. Thus, it is the Al+ 3-induced formation of oxygen radicals that accounts for the oxidative damage that leads to intrinsic apoptosis. In contrast, the toxicity of the insoluble Al oxides depends primarily on their behavior as particulates. Aluminum has been held responsible for human morbidity and mortality, but there is no consistent and convincing evidence to associate the Al found in food and drinking water at the doses and chemical forms presently consumed by people living in North America and Western Europe with increased risk for Alzheimer\u27s disease (AD). Neither is there clear evidence to show use of Al-containing underarm antiperspirants or cosmetics increases the risk of AD or breast cancer. Metallic Al, its oxides, and common Al salts have not been shown to be either genotoxic or carcinogenic. Aluminum exposures during neonatal and pediatric parenteral nutrition (PN) can impair bone mineralization and delay neurological development. Adverse effects to vaccines with Al adjuvants have occurred; however, recent controlled trials found that the immunologic response to certain vaccines with Al adjuvants was no greater, and in some cases less than, that after identical vaccination without Al adjuvants. The scientific literature on the adverse health effects of Al is extensive. Health risk assessments for Al must take into account individual co-factors (e.g., age, renal function, diet, gastric pH). Conclusions from the current review point to the need for refinement of the PTWI, reduction of Al contamination in PN solutions, justification for routine addition of Al to vaccines, and harmonization of OELs for Al substances

    Data from an International Multi-Centre Study of Statistics and Mathematics Anxieties and Related Variables in University Students (the SMARVUS Dataset)

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    This large, international dataset contains survey responses from N = 12,570 students from 100 universities in 35 countries, collected in 21 languages. We measured anxieties (statistics, mathematics, test, trait, social interaction, performance, creativity, intolerance of uncertainty, and fear of negative evaluation), self-efficacy, persistence, and the cognitive reflection test, and collected demographics, previous mathematics grades, self-reported and official statistics grades, and statistics module details. Data reuse potential is broad, including testing links between anxieties and statistics/mathematics education factors, and examining instruments’ psychometric properties across different languages and contexts

    Measurement and monitoring of microwave reflection and transmission properties of cement-based specimens

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    The results of measurement and monitoring of reflection and transmission properties of cement-based specimens (blocks of mortar, concrete) during long time of their service lives, including hydration process, and different curing conditions at microwave frequencies (X-band) are presented A simple and inexpensive measurement system that utilizes the non-destructive and contactless free space method is used Dependencies of the reflection and transmission coefficients on water-to-cement ratio, prepaying and curing conditions of the specimens are demonstrated It is shown that the reflection coefficient is approximately stable after hydration process while the transmission coefficient changes during long time of the specimen Is service live. The complex dielectric permittivity of the cement-based materials is calculated by a new method using only the amplitudes of the reflection and transmission coefficients. The expected applications of the results are discussed
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