764 research outputs found

    Dynamic cyber-incident response

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    Permission to make digital or hard copies of this publication for internal use within NATO and for personal or educational use when for non-profi t or non-commercial purposes is granted providing that copies bear this notice and a full citation on the first page. Any other reproduction or transmission requires prior written permission by NATO CCD COE.Traditional cyber-incident response models have not changed significantly since the early days of the Computer Incident Response with even the most recent incident response life cycle model advocated by the US National Institute of Standards and Technology (Cichonski, Millar, Grance, & Scarfone, 2012) bearing a striking resemblance to the models proposed by early leaders in the field e.g. Carnegie-Mellon University (West-Brown, et al., 2003) and the SANS Institute (Northcutt, 2003). Whilst serving the purpose of producing coherent and effective response plans, these models appear to be created from the perspectives of Computer Security professionals with no referenced academic grounding. They attempt to defend against, halt and recover from a cyber-attack as quickly as possible. However, other actors inside an organisation may have priorities which conflict with these traditional approaches and may ultimately better serve the longer-term goals and objectives of an organisation

    INVESTIGATING THE TIME COURSE OF PROPIONIC ACID- INDUCED COGNITIVE DEFICITS USING THE MORRIS WATER MAZE

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    Dietary and gastrointestinal factors may be associated with the development/worsening of autistic symptoms in a subset of patients. Propionic acid (PPA) is a metabolic byproduct of gut bacterial fermentation. Intracerebroventricular (ICV) infusions of PPA in rodents produce transient behavioural and biochemical changes similar to those seen in autism. The permanence of the cognitive deficits associated with the PPA rodent model of autism was assessed using adult male rats in the Morris water maze (MWM). Following an ICV regimen of PPA or vehicle (2x/day, 7 days), rats were tested in the MWM (acquisition) and then one week later for reversal. On reversal day,perseveratory behaviours were assessed following 2 additional infusions. PPA-S treated rats displayed longer search latencies to find the platform during MWM acquisition, but showed normal reversal one week later. A second experiment used nonspatial pretraining prior to treatment in order to differentiate between spatial versus strategy deficits, and effects of stress in the MWM. Similar to the first study, rats treated with PPA on reversal day showed impairments in the maze, regardless ofinitial drug treatment. In summary, PPAtreatment caused impairments in cognition as measured in the MWM, but these behavioural impairments appear to return to baseline after the drug treatment is stopped, suggesting that some effects of PPA may be reversible

    Scottish enlightenment and the development of accounting

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    This article outlines the lives and background of the main writers who were active in the 18th century period of \u27scottish Ascendancy\u27 in accounting texts. The impressive publications produced by this group are detailed and the question of why this phenomenon should have occurred in Scotland is considered. It is suggested that the Scottish Ascendancy in accounting texts can be considered as part of the achievements of the Scottish Enlightenment and as complementary to the more renowned works in economics, law and philosophy, which are generally recognized as an important component of that movement

    Making their mark: Canadian snipers and the Great War, 1914-1918.

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    Accounting control: An historical note

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    Over the centuries, control has expanded from its origins as a specialized accounting technique to cover many forms of regulatory activity in any area and its emphasis has expanded from that of ex post accountability to include ex ante planning and budgeting. Although financial control continues as a vital feature of accounting systems, accountants now frequently go outside their own discipline when they describe the major features of control systems. The accounting origins of control lay buried in the pages of The Oxford English Dictionary

    NASA/RAE collaboration on nonlinear control using the F-8C digital fly-by-wire aircraft

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    Design procedures are reviewed for variable integral control to optimize response (VICTOR) algorithms and results of preliminary flight tests are presented. The F-8C aircraft is operated in the remotely augmented vehicle (RAV) mode, with the control laws implemented as FORTRAN programs on a ground-based computer. Pilot commands and sensor information are telemetered to the ground, where the data are processed to form surface commands which are then telemetered back to the aircraft. The RAV mode represents a singlestring (simplex) system and is therefore vulnerable to a hardover since comparison monitoring is not possible. Hence, extensive error checking is conducted on both the ground and airborne computers to prevent the development of potentially hazardous situations. Experience with the RAV monitoring and validation procedures is described

    Recent trends of stabilisation methods: a case study for rural roads by councils in the New England region of NSW

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    Local gravel materials are used by councils in the New England Region of NSW for pavment construction as they are readily available and keep the construction cost down. The issue of using these materials are they may not meet the specification requirements. This can have impacts on the performance and safety of the road. Therefore these materials need to be improved through the process of stabilisation to make the material more suitable for use. This report compares a selection of stabilisation agents that can be used to improve the properties of a not suitable material. This is done by conducting a questionnaire for councils in the New England Region to obtain some knowledge of what stabilisation agents they use and their local materials. It also contains some questions on maintenance. The responses from the questionnaire reveal that there is different stabilisation agents used in the area. Therefore this project aims to investigate these agents through laboratory testing and compare these with a more innovative agent such as bitumen emulsion. Laboratory tests include the Particle Size Distribution, California Bearing Ratio and Capillary Rise and Water Absorption tests. Results from the Particle Size Distribution indicate that the sample material is quite a coarse material and is outside the limits when compared with the RMS DGB20 specifications. The California Bearing Ratio test results were as expected. The cement and tri-blend of slag/lime/fly-ash both increased the CBR greatly whereas the bitumen emulsion did not increase nor decrease the CBR. The bitumen emulsion did however stand up very well in the capillary rise test and it was shown that the bitumen emulsion can reduce the rate of water absorption greatly. The natural material sample fell apart and the cement and tri-blend samples became fully saturated in a very short time. Theoretical pavement designs were trialled using the empirical design method but the mechanistic method would have been a more appropriate method. This was outside the scope. A sensitivity analysis was also part of this project, but the cost analysis which was outside this scope was required to conduct this properly. Finally it can be said that natural materials that are not suitable for road pavement construction can be improved through the process of stabilisation and it was found that different stabilisation agents have different effects on the material. Therefore the correct stabilisation agent or a combination of can be determined for the pavement and its environment
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