Organização estratégica de plataforma para caracterização espacial de riscos no setor agropecuário e agroflorestal.

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Paraquat Intoxication – experience of an Internal Medicine ward for 18 years

Introduction: Paraquat is a contact herbicide commercially available since 1962. Paraquat intoxication (PI) is usually voluntary and highly lethal, since there is no effective antidote. Toxicity occurs through cyclic redox reactions, damaging mainly the kidneys and lungs. Aim, material and methods: featuring the clinical presentation, management and outcome of patients with PI over an 18 years period (from the 01st January 1993 to the 31st December 2010) through the retrospective analysis of clinical files and comparing the survivors and the deceased. Results: Thirty-one cases of Paraquat intoxication were included, with a male: female ratio 1:1. Age range from 13 to 80 years, mean age 42.4years (±18.7).All intoxications were voluntary and by oral route. There was statistical difference in the amount ingested (22.1 mL vs. 72.7 mL, p<0.0005). A non-significant trend to a longer delay until getting medical attention in the deceased group (1.6 h vs. 3.2 h, p=0.091). Statistical significance was found between mortality and leukocytosis, hypocapnea, hypoxemia, LDH, alkaline phosphatase and AST. There was no difference between groups according to treatment options, although hemocarboperfusion was used more often in the deceased group (53.9% vs. 66.7%, p=0.471) and corticosteroids in the survivor group (61.5% vs. 44.4%, p=0.350). Mortality rate was 58.1% (66.7% in the first 72 hours), due to respiratory insufficiency and multiple organ failure. Variable levels of pulmonary fibrosis occurred in 38.5% of the survivors. Discussion & Conclusion: Paraquat intoxication has a poor prognosis with limited efficiency of treatment approaches. The relation between Paraquat in the urine and the time elapsed after ingestion is the main determinant factor in the prognosis. In this study the presence of dyspnea, hypocapnea and hypoxemia was linked to a bad prognosis. There was no statistical difference between the available treatment options

Plataforma de logística.

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Cortes histológicos em duas variedades de bananeira (Musa spp.) submetidas ao déficit hídrico.

A banana é produzida em mais de 130 países, com uma produtividade de aproximadamente 100 milhões de toneladas. O Nordeste brasileiro representa 40% da produção nacional. No entanto, possui como fator limitante para expansão da bananicultura, a falta de disponibilidade de água na maioria das suas áreas para plantio

Nonparametric estimation of conditional transition probabilities in a non-Markov illness-death model

One important goal in multi-state modeling is the estimation of transition probabilities. In longitudinal medical studies these quantities are particularly of interest since they allow for long-term predictions of the process. In recent years signi ficant contributions have been made regarding this topic. However, most of the approaches assume independent censoring and do not account for the influence of covariates. The goal of the paper is to introduce feasible estimation methods for the transition probabilities in an illness-death model conditionally on current or past covariate measures. All approaches are evaluated through a simulation study, leading to a comparison of two di erent estimators. The proposed methods are illustrated using real a colon cancer data set.This research was nanced by FEDER Funds through Programa Operacional Factores de Competitividade COMPETE and by Portuguese Funds through FCT - Funda ção para a Cência e a Tecnologia, within Projects Est-C/MAT/UI0013/2011 and PTDC/MAT/104879/2008. We also acknowledge nancial support from the project Grants MTM2008-03129 and MTM2011-23204 (FEDER support included) of the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci on and 10PXIB300068PR of the Xunta de Galicia. Partial support from a grant from the US National Security Agency (H98230-11-1-0168) is greatly appreciated

Characterization of soils in an area of prescribed fire

The prescribed fire is a technique that is often used, it has several advantages. Pedological and hydropedological techniques were tested to assess the prescribed fire changes may cause in soils. This work was performed in Tresminas area (Vila Pouca de Aguiar, Northern Portugal), during February and March 2011. In the present study we applied several techniques. For the field sampling was followed the ISO 10381-1[1], ISO 10381-2[2], and FAO rules [3], as well as were used a grid with 17 points for measuring the soil parameters. During the fire, we have tried to check, with the assistance of the Portuguese Forestry Authority, some important parameters such as, the propagation speed, the size of the flame front and the intensity of energy emitted per unit area. Before the fire, was collected carefully soil disturbed and undisturbed samples for laboratory analysis, and measured soil water content; we also have placed four sets of thermocouples for measuring soil temperature. After the fire, were collected the thermocouples and new soil samples; the water content were measured in the soil and collected ashes. In the laboratory, after preparing and sieving the samples, were determined the soil particle size. The soil pH and electrical conductivity in water was also determined. The total carbon (TC) and inorganic carbon (IC)[4] was measured by a Shimadzu TOC-Vcsn. The water content in soil has not varied significantly before and after the fire, as well as soil pH and soil electrical conductivity. The TC and IC did not change, which was expected, since the fire not overcome the 200° C. Through the various parameters, we determined that the prescribed fire didn’t affect the soil. The low temperature of the fire and its rapid implementation that lead to the possible adverse effects caused by the wild fire didn’t occurred

Beta Cell Function as a Baseline Predictor of Weight Loss After Bariatric Surgery

Background: Obesity is a multifactorial disease, which is strongly associated to other metabolic disorders. Bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment of morbid obesity. The role of beta cell function in weight loss after bariatric surgery is uncertain. Aim: To evaluate the association between beta cell function and percentage of total body weight loss (TBWL%) 1, 2, 3, and 4 years after bariatric surgery in patients with morbid obesity. Methods: Retrospective longitudinal study in patients with morbid obesity followed in our center between January 2010 and July 2018. Patients were excluded if they had diabetes at baseline or missing data on the needed parameters. We evaluated baseline Homeostatic Model Assessment of IR, Homeostatic Model Assessment of ß-cell function (HOMA-beta), Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index, and Matsuda and DeFronzo index, and TBWL% at years 1 to 4. Linear regression models were used to evaluate the association of indexes of insulin resistance with TBWL% (unadjusted and adjusted for age, sex, BMI, and type of surgery). Results: There were 1,561 patients included in this analysis. HOMA-beta was negatively associated with TBWL% at second, third, and fourth years post-surgery (ß = -1.04 [-1.82 to -0.26], p<0.01; ß = -1.16 [-2.13 to -0.19], p=0.02; ß = -1.29 [-2.64 to 0.06], p=0.061, respectively). This was not observed in the first year post-surgery nor for the other indexes. Glycemia at baseline was positively associated to EWL% at second and third years post-surgery. Conclusion: ß-cell function at baseline seems to be associated to long-term weight loss, explicitly after the first year post bariatric surgery. This might be a helpful predictor of weight loss in clinical practice.The authors would like to thank all the CRIO group members for following these patients: John Rodrigues Preto; Eduardo Jorge Lima da Costa; Hugo Miguel Santos Sousa; André Manuel Costa Pinho; Carla Cristina Oliveira Rodrigues Teixeira Galego; Maria Flora Ferreira Sampaio Carvalho Correia; Cidália Fátima Castro Carção Gil; Diva Bizarro Figueiredo Melim; Eduardo Gil Ferreira Rodrigues Pinto; Marco António Costa Silva; Cristina Sarmento Pontes Martins; Luis Miguel Gonçalves Pereira; Inês Vasconcelos Sousa Magalhães; Isabel Maria Boavista Vieira Marques Brandão; Sertório Manuel Freitas Andrade, and Patrícia Maria Lopes Nunes. The authors would also like to thank the patients and the hospital for their support. The authors would like to thank to Associação dos Amigos do Serviço de Endocrinologia do Hospital de S. João