Comparison of protein extraction methods suitable for proteomics analysis in seedling roots of Jerusalem artichoke under salt (NaCl) stress

An efficient protein extraction method is a prerequisite for successful implementation of proteomics. In this study, seedling roots of Jerusalem artichoke were treated with the concentration of 250 mM NaCl for 36 h. Subsequently, six different protocols of protein extraction were applied to seedling roots of Jerusalem artichoke for comparing extraction efficiency by conducting two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE). The first-dimensional electrophoresis was differently performed by using tube gel and immobilized pH gradient (IPG) strips, respectively. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) in the second dimension was equally carried out. The results indicated that precipitation of ammonium acetate in methanol after phenol extraction (Method 6) provided the best effect. Less impurity was contained in extracted proteins and the 2-DE gel images showed less horizontal and vertical stripes, the most proteineous spots were extracted on the basis of the protocol, up to 903. Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) method (Method 1) exhibited relative less quality gel images. 248 protein spots were only obtained according to the protocol and were the least among six protocols. Although, Mg/Nonidet P-40 (NP-40) methods (Methods 3 and 4) could extract a large number of proteins, it exhibited the worst quality gel images among all protocols and the horizontal and vertical stripes on the gel images were the most severe. It might be caused by a high salt content in extracted proteins.Key words: Proteomics, Jerusalem artichoke, roots, two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE), protocol, salt

Dissociation Between the Growing Opioid Demands and Drug Policy Directions Among the U.S. Older Adults with Degenerative Joint Diseases

We aim to examine temporal trends of orthopedic operations and opioid-related hospital stays among seniors in the nation and states of Oregon and Washington where marijuana legalization was accepted earlier than any others. As aging society advances in the United States (U.S.), orthopedic operations and opioid-related hospital stays among seniors increase in the nation. A serial cross-sectional cohort study using the healthcare cost and utilization project fast stats from 2006 through 2015 measured annual rate per 100,000 populations of orthopedic operations by age groups (45–64 vs 65 and older) as well as annual rate per 100,000 populations of opioid-related hospital stays among 65 and older in the nation, Oregon and Washington states from 2008 through 2017. Orthopedic operations (knee arthroplasty, total or partial hip replacement, spinal fusion or laminectomy) and opioid-related hospital stays were measured. The compound annual growth rate (CAGR) was used to quantify temporal trends of orthopedic operations by age groups as well as opioid-related hospital stays and was tested by Rao–Scott correction of χ2 for categorical variables. The CAGR (4.06%) of orthopedic operations among age 65 and older increased (P...) (See full abstract in article

Colonoscopic Perforation in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

C olonoscopy is the main diagnostic and therapeutic modality for the management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Colonoscopy with ileoscopy, together with other modalities, is an effective tool in the diagnosis and differentiation of ulcerative colitis (UC) from Crohn's disease (CD) in 85% to 89% of patients. 1-3 Diagnostic colonoscopy is an invaluable tool in the assessment of disease extent and activity, the identification of superimposed infection (such as cytomegalovirus), the monitoring of effectiveness of medical and surgical therapies, and the surveillance of colitis-associated neoplasia. In addition, therapeutic colonoscopy allows for the resection of discrete, isolated dysplastic polyps or adenomalike masses (ALMs) in patients with UC or CD and the dilation of IBD-related primary or secondary anastomotic strictures

Wnt5a induces ROR1 to recruit cortactin to promote breast-cancer migration and metastasis.

ROR1 is a conserved oncoembryonic surface protein expressed in breast cancer. Here we report that ROR1 associates with cortactin in primary breast-cancer cells or in MCF7 transfected to express ROR1. Wnt5a also induced ROR1-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of cortactin (Y421), which recruited ARHGEF1 to activate RhoA and promote breast-cancer-cell migration; such effects could be inhibited by cirmtuzumab, a humanized mAb specific for ROR1. Furthermore, treatment of mice bearing breast-cancer xenograft with cirmtuzumab inhibited cortactin phosphorylation in vivo and impaired metastatic development. We established that the proline at 841 of ROR1 was required for it to recruit cortactin and ARHGEF1, activate RhoA, and enhance breast-cancer-cell migration in vitro or development of metastases in vivo. Collectively, these studies demonstrate that the interaction of ROR1 with cortactin plays an important role in breast-cancer-cell migration and metastasis

Liquid-phase Hydrogenation of Phenol to Cyclohexanone over Supported Palladium Catalysts

The ZSM-5, g-Al2O3, SiO2 and MgO supported Pd-catalysts were prepared for the phenol hydrogenation to cyclohexanone in liquid-phase. The natures of these catalysts were characterized by XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption analysis, H2-TPR, CO2-TPD and NH3-TPD. The catalytic performance of the supported Pd-catalyst for phenol hydrogenation to cyclohexanone is closely related to nature of the support and the size of Pd nanoparticles. The Pd/MgO catalyst which possesses higher basicity shows higher cyclohexanone selectivity, but lower phenol conversion owing to the lower specific surface area. The Pd/SiO2 catalyst prepared by precipitation gives higher cyclohexanone selectivity and phenol conversion, due to the moderate amount of Lewis acidic sites, and the smaller size and higher dispersion of Pd nanoparticles on the surface. Under the reaction temperature of 135 oC and H2 pressure of 1 MPa, after reacting for 3.5 h, the phenol conversion of 71.62% and the cyclohexanone selectivity of 90.77% can be obtained over 0.5 wt% Pd/SiO2 catalyst. Copyright © 2016 BCREC GROUP. All rights reservedReceived: 7th March 2016; Revised: 13rd May 2016; Accepted: 7th June 2016How to Cite: Fan, L., Zhang, L., Shen, Y., Liu, D., Wahab, N., Hasan, M.M. (2016). Liquid-phase Hydrogenation of Phenol to Cyclohexanone over Supported Palladium Catalysts. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 11 (3): 354-362 (doi: 10.9767/bcrec.11.3.575.354-362)Permalink/DOI: http://doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.11.3.575.354-36