A fresh look on the flux tube in Abelian-projected SU(2) gluodynamics

We reconsider the properties of the $Q\bar{Q}$ flux tube within Abelian-projected SU(2) lattice gauge theory in terms of electric field and monopole current. In the maximal Abelian gauge we assess the influence of the Gribov copies on the apparent flux-tube profile. For the optimal gauge fixing we study the independence of the profile on the lattice spacing for $\beta=$ 2.3, 2.4, and 2.5115 on a $32^4$ lattice. We decompose the Abelian Wilson loop into monopole and photon parts and compare the electric and monopole profile emerging from different sources with the field strength and monopole current within the dual Ginzburg-Landau theory.Comment: 3 pages, 6 figures, Lattice2002(topology

Spin-Glass and Chiral-Glass Transitions in a ±J\pm J Heisenberg Spin-Glass Model in Three Dimensions

The three-dimensional $\pm J$ Heisenberg spin-glass model is investigated by the non-equilibrium relaxation method from the paramagnetic state. Finite-size effects in the non-equilibrium relaxation are analyzed, and the relaxation functions of the spin-glass susceptibility and the chiral-glass susceptibility in the infinite-size system are obtained. The finite-time scaling analysis gives the spin-glass transition at $T_{\rm sg}/J=0.21_{-0.02}^{+0.01}$ and the chiral-glass transition at $T_{\rm cg}/J=0.22_{-0.03}^{+0.01}$. The results suggest that both transitions occur simultaneously. The critical exponent of the spin-glass susceptibility is estimated as $\gamma_{\rm sg}= 1.7 \pm 0.3$, which makes an agreement with the experiments of the insulating and the canonical spin-glass materials.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure

Redshift-space Distortions of the Power Spectrum of Cosmological Objects on a Light Cone : Explicit Formulations and Theoretical Implications

We examine the effects of the linear and the cosmological redshift-space distortions on the power spectrum of cosmological objects on a light cone. We develop theoretical formulae for the power spectrum in linear theory of density perturbations in a rigorous manner starting from first principle corresponding to Fourier analysis. Approximate formulae, which are useful properly to incorporate the redshift-space distortion effects into the power spectrum are derived, and the validity is examined. Applying our formulae to galaxy and quasar samples which roughly match the SDSS survey, we will show how the redshift-space distortions distort the power spectrum on the light cone quantitatively.Comment: 30 pages, Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Supplement Serie

Magnetic Excitations in the Quasi-1D Ising-like Antiferromagnet TlCoCl3_3

Neutron inelastic scattering measurements have been performed in order to investigate the magnetic excitations in the quasi-1D Ising-like antiferromagnet TlCoCl$_3$. We observed the magnetic excitation, which corresponds to the spin-wave excitation continuum corresponding to the domain-wall pair excitation in the 1D Ising-like antiferromagnet. According to the Ishimura-Shiba theory, we analyzed the observed spin-wave excitation, and the exchange constant $2J$ and the anistropy $\epsilon$ were estimated as 14.7 meV and 0.14 in TlCoCl$_3$, respectively.Comment: 2 pages, 3 figures, jpsj2.cls, to be published in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. Vol.75 (2006) No.

Forty-Four Pass Fibre Optic Loop for Improving the Sensitivity of Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors

A forty-four pass fibre optic surface plasmon resonance sensor that enhances detection sensitivity according to the number of passes is demonstrated for the first time. The technique employs a fibre optic recirculation loop that passes the detection spot forty- four times, thus enhancing sensitivity by a factor of forty-four. Presently, the total number of passes is limited by the onset of lasing action of the recirculation loop. This technique offers a significant sensitivity improvement for various types of plasmon resonance sensors that may be used in chemical and biomolecule detections.Comment: Submitted for publication; patent disclosure submitte

Towards Identifying and closing Gaps in Assurance of autonomous Road vehicleS - a collection of Technical Notes Part 1

This report provides an introduction and overview of the Technical Topic Notes (TTNs) produced in the Towards Identifying and closing Gaps in Assurance of autonomous Road vehicleS (Tigars) project. These notes aim to support the development and evaluation of autonomous vehicles. Part 1 addresses: Assurance-overview and issues, Resilience and Safety Requirements, Open Systems Perspective and Formal Verification and Static Analysis of ML Systems. Part 2: Simulation and Dynamic Testing, Defence in Depth and Diversity, Security-Informed Safety Analysis, Standards and Guidelines

Confined Phase In The Real Time Formalism And The Fate Of The World Behind The Horizon

In the real time formulation of finite temperature field theories, one introduces an additional set of fields (type-2 fields) associated to each field in the original theory (type-1 field). In hep-th/0106112, in the context of the AdS-CFT correspondence, Maldacena interpreted type-2 fields as living on a boundary behind the black hole horizon. However, below the Hawking-Page transition temperature, the thermodynamically preferred configuration is the thermal AdS without a black hole, and hence there are no horizon and boundary behind it. This means that when the dual gauge theory is in confined phase, the type-2 fields cannot be associated with the degrees of freedom behind the black hole horizon. I argue that in this case the role of the type-2 fields is to make up bulk type-2 fields of classical closed string field theory on AdS at finite temperature in the real time formalism.Comment: v2: cases divided into sections with more detailed explanations. considerably enlarged with examples and a lot of figures. sec 4.1.2 for general closed cut-out circuits and appendix A for a sample calculation newly added. many minor corrections and clarifying comments. refs added. v3: refs and related discussion added. 1+46 pages, 26 figures. published versio

Polarized Neutron Inelastic Scattering Study of the Anisotropic Magnetic Fluctuations in the Quasi-1D Ising-like Antiferromagnet TlCoCl3_3

Polarized neutron inelastic scattering experiments have been carried out in the quasi-1D Ising-like antiferromagnet TlCoCl$_3$. We observed the longitudinal magnetic fluctuation $S_{zz} (Q, \omega)$ for the spin-wave excitation continuum, which has not been observed in the unpolarized neutron inelastic scattering experiments of the quasi-1D Ising-like antiferromagnets CsCoCl$_3$ and TlCoCl$_3$ so far, together with the transverse magnetic fluctuation $S_{xx} (Q, \omega)$. We compared both obtained intensities of $S_{xx} (Q, \omega)$ and $S_{zz} (Q, \omega)$ with the perturbation theory from the pure Ising limit by Ishimura and Shiba, and a semi-quantitative agreement was found.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, jpsj2.cls, to be published in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. Vol. 75 (2006) No.

The thermal operator representation for Matsubara sums

We prove in full generality the thermal operator representation for Matsubara sums in a relativistic field theory of scalar and fermionic particles. It states that the full result of performing the Matsubara sum associated to any given Feynman graph, in the imaginary-time formalism of finite-temperature field theory, can be directly obtained from its corresponding zero-temperature energy integral, by means of a simple linear operator, which is independent of the external Euclidean energies and whose form depends solely on the topology of the graph.Comment: 9 pages, 1 figure, RevTe