Analise empirica do padrão do progresso técnico em uma perspectiva clássica-marxiana

The growth-distributive schedule for an economy, a line having for its vertical intercept labor productivity and for horizontal intercept capital productivity, is a method of visualizing patterns of economic growth and technical change over time. We analyze if technical change follows the labor-saving, capital-using Marxbiased pattern. This form oftechnical change underlies Marx's explanation ofthe falling rate ofprofit. Longterm data for the USA, the UK, Japan, the Netherlands, Germany, and France reveal a pattern oflabor-saving, capital-using technical change punctuated by a phase in which both inputs present an increase in productivity. Regional data reveals that most ofthe regions followed the Marx-biased technical change over the period 1964-1990. The non Marx-biased pattern appears in some world regions in the 1980s. However, there is a predominance ofthe Marx-biased technical change in the historical and regional data. Moreover, the profit rate for a panel data sample in the period 1963-1990 showed a declining tendency as labor productivity increased

Cidadania mediada : processos de democratização da política municipal no Brasil

This article discusses the notion that the persistence of &ldquo;traditional&rdquo; political practices weakens Brazil&rsquo;s democracy.Drawing on the cases of three Brazilian municipalities administered by the Workers&rsquo; Party (PT), the author examines the space between &ldquo;traditional&rdquo; and &ldquo;modern&rdquo; and argues that successful democratization does not eradicate practices such as clientelism and patronage, but it tends to incorporate and build on these traditional political elements. Moreover, the article maintains that the democratization of municipal politics is inextricably bound up with the eradication of poverty and the construction of a responsive, state-based social safety net.<br /

Malaria vector research and control in Haiti: a systematic review

BACKGROUND: Haiti has a set a target of eliminating malaria by 2020. However, information on malaria vector research in Haiti is not well known. This paper presents results from a systematic review of the literature on malaria vector research, bionomics and control in Haiti. METHODS: A systematic search of literature published in French, Spanish and English languages was conducted in 2015 using Pubmed (MEDLINE), Google Scholar, EMBASE, JSTOR WHOLIS and Web of Science databases as well other grey literature sources such as USAID, and PAHO. The following search terms were used: malaria, Haiti, Anopheles, and vector control. RESULTS: A total of 132 references were identified with 40 high quality references deemed relevant and included in this review. Six references dealt with mosquito distribution, seven with larval mosquito ecology, 16 with adult mosquito ecology, three with entomological indicators of malaria transmission, eight with insecticide resistance, one with sero-epidemiology and 16 with vector control. In the last 15 years (2000–2015), there have only been four published papers and three-scientific meeting abstracts on entomology for malaria in Haiti. Overall, the general literature on malaria vector research in Haiti is limited and dated. DISCUSSION: Entomological information generated from past studies in Haiti will contribute to the development of strategies to achieve malaria elimination on Hispaniola. However it is of paramount importance that malaria vector research in Haiti is updated to inform decision-making for vector control strategies in support of malaria elimination