Climate change and future scenarios for palisade grass production in the state of São Paulo, Brazil

The objective of this work was to analyze future scenarios for palisade grass yield subjected to climate change for the state of São Paulo, Brazil. An empirical crop model was used to estimate yields, according to growing degree-days adjusted by one drought attenuation factor. Climate data from 1963 to 2009 of 23 meteorological stations were used for current climate conditions. Downscaled outputs of two general circulation models were used to project future climate for the 2013-2040 and 2043-2070 periods, considering two contrasting scenarios of temperature and atmospheric CO2 concentration increase (high and low). Annual dry matter yield should be from 14 to 42% higher than the current one, depending on the evaluated scenario. Yield variation between seasons (seasonality) and years is expected to increase. The increase of dry matter accumulation will be higher in the rainy season than in the dry season, and this result is more evident for soils with low-water storage capacity. The results varied significantly between regions (60%). Despite their higher climate potential, warmer regions will probably have a lower increase in future forage production

A global research priority agenda to advance public health responses to fatty liver disease

Background & aims An estimated 38% of adults worldwide have non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). From individual impacts to widespread public health and economic consequences, the implications of this disease are profound. This study aimed to develop an aligned, prioritised fatty liver disease research agenda for the global health community. Methods Nine co-chairs drafted initial research priorities, subsequently reviewed by 40 core authors and debated during a three-day in-person meeting. Following a Delphi methodology, over two rounds, a large panel (R1 n = 344, R2 n = 288) reviewed the priorities, via Qualtrics XM, indicating agreement using a four-point Likert-scale and providing written feedback. The core group revised the draft priorities between rounds. In R2, panellists also ranked the priorities within six domains: epidemiology, models of care, treatment and care, education and awareness, patient and community perspectives, and leadership and public health policy. Results The consensus-built fatty liver disease research agenda encompasses 28 priorities. The mean percentage of ‘agree’ responses increased from 78.3 in R1 to 81.1 in R2. Five priorities received unanimous combined agreement (‘agree’ + ‘somewhat agree’); the remaining 23 priorities had >90% combined agreement. While all but one of the priorities exhibited at least a super-majority of agreement (>66.7% ‘agree’), 13 priorities had 90% combined agreement. Conclusions Adopting this multidisciplinary consensus-built research priorities agenda can deliver a step-change in addressing fatty liver disease, mitigating against its individual and societal harms and proactively altering its natural history through prevention, identification, treatment, and care. This agenda should catalyse the global health community’s efforts to advance and accelerate responses to this widespread and fast-growing public health threat. Impact and implications An estimated 38% of adults and 13% of children and adolescents worldwide have fatty liver disease, making it the most prevalent liver disease in history. Despite substantial scientific progress in the past three decades, the burden continues to grow, with an urgent need to advance understanding of how to prevent, manage, and treat the disease. Through a global consensus process, a multidisciplinary group agreed on 28 research priorities covering a broad range of themes, from disease burden, treatment, and health system responses to awareness and policy. The findings have relevance for clinical and non-clinical researchers as well as funders working on fatty liver disease and non-communicable diseases more broadly, setting out a prioritised, ranked research agenda for turning the tide on this fast-growing public health threat

Biomarkers Of Oxidative Stress In Patients With Chronic Respiratory Insuficiency (cresi) During Long Term Oxigen Therapy (ltot) [biomarcadores De Estresse Oxidativo Em Fumantes Crônicos E Em Portadores De Insuficiência Respiratória Crônica (iresc) Durante Oxigenoterapia Domiciliar Prolongada (odp)]

Sumary Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate several biomarkers of oxidative stress in patients with Chronic Respiratory Insuficiency (CResI) at three moments: before, after 7 and 270 days of Long Term Oxigen Therapy (LTOT).Methods: The blood catalase (CAT), and glutathione reductase (GR), the Hemoglobin (Hb), lactate and Uric Acid concentration (AU) in total blood were measured. The total sulphydrils (TSH) and Protein carbonyls concentration were measured in plasma in these patients, using spectrophotometric techniques. The blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) was evaluated using a pulse oxymeter.Results: When compared Chronic Smokers (CS) with CResI group and both with Nonsmokers group (NS) observed that CResI group presented an increase in oxidative stress level, represented for decrease of three biomarkers: CAT, GR and TSH. After 7 days of LTOT the SpO2, CAT and GR activity and AU concentration were increased (P<0,05). On the other hand, the decrease on GST concentration was manteined in this period (P<0,05). 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