Air Pollution Mapping with Bio‐Indicators in Urban Areas

Our study consists of the assessment and the mapping of the atmospheric pollution, which concerns the region of Tiaret city, by using the lichens as bioindicators. In our zone, we did a survey on 25 domains by using Kirschbaum and Wirth 1997 method. This method has enabled to define five classes according to the calculated air quality index (AQI). The dominant class was the one that contained a high pollution degree, which is reflected through the spatial distribution of the lichen species. The achieved map allows us to better visualize the pollution state

Biosurveillance De La Qualite De L’air D’un Milieu Urbain Par Des Mousses Et Des Lichens. Cas De La Ville De Tlemcen (Algerie)

The evaluation of the pollution intensity, the accumulation of pollutants in the atmosphere, by living organisms is a very effective environmental technique used for decades. The measure of the accumulation in these organisms allows meeting the direct difficulties in physical and chemical measures, often very complex and costly. By physiological and morphological characteristics, mosses and lichens are very effective to address this issue, including their capacity to accumulate contaminants in this case the trace metals such as lead. The objective of this work is to measure lead concentrations from road origin in different urban sites in Tlemcen city (Algeria) using two species of moss and lichen. The results show high concentrations of lead in the thalles for the three species, indicating high pollution by lead in this city. In order to appreciate the spatial distribution leaving this pollution and its environmental impact in urban areas, it was developed pollution maps based on the results of each species

BIOACCUMULATION DE LA POLLUTION PLOMBIQUE D’ORIGINE ROUTIERE AU MOYEN D’UNE MOUSSE (BRYUM ARGENTEUM) DANS LA VILLE DE TIARET (ALGERIE) : CLASSES DE POLLUTION ET CARTOGRAPHIE.

The mosses are widely used as sentinels of the lead pollution from road traffic, for their morphological and physiological properties (the absence of root system and tissue developed conductors). Indeed, the mosses are used to estimate concentrations of lead emitted by vehicles in the atmosphere of the city of Tiaret (west Algeria); such was the object of this research. Mosse Bryum argenteum is used in this study, as a bio-monitor passive of trace element which is emitted by road traffic. The results show that the city of Tiaret is polluted, because the lead levels (Pb) in Bryum argenteum are considerably high (584 µg/g)

Etude Eco-Dendrométrique Du Dépérissement Du Cèdre De l’Atlas Dans Le Parc National De Theniet El Had “Algérie”

This study aims to search the relationship between the decline of the Atlas cedar and the eco-dendrometrique factors in the National Park of Theniet El Had located in the north-west of Algeria. This study takes place throughout 30 circular plots of 1.000m2 area in which, a dendrometric measures and ecological data are taken in addition to descriptive data for Atlas cedar trees. The descriptive data shows that 34% of inventoried Atlas cedar have damaged leaves and 30% have more then 25% of their crowns damaged. The analysis of variance shows that there is no relationship between the rate of the Atlas cedar decline ant the ecological factors, components of the soil and dendrometric parameters except for the average circumference witch is influenced by the competition between trees. Therefor, a particular management plan for the regulation of competition is a necessity for this park

Quantification de la pollution des sols par le plomb et le zinc émis par le trafic routier (Cas de la ville de Sidi Bel Abbes, Algérie occidentale)

Within the framework of an impact study of the road traffic on the degrees of pollution of the grounds by Lead and Zinc, samples of substrate were collected and analyzed along the periphery which buckles the town of Sidi Bel Abbes, in the west of ALGERIA. The contents revealed by proportioning by atomic spectrometry of absorption with flame, along the transect clearly show a considerable accumulation with variable concentrations out of lead and zinc in relation to the road traffic. The estimate of the mobility of the two elements studied compared to the distance from the roadway highlighted a decreasing dynamics of the pollutants proportionally related to the distance of the source of pollution. The Hydrogen potential, cation capacity of exchange, and the fraction clay are physicochemical parameters to take into account to interpret the contents revealed of pollutants.Dans le cadre d’une étude d’impact du trafic routier sur le degré de pollution des sols par le Plomb et le Zinc, des échantillons de substrat ont été prélevés et analysés le long de la périphérie qui boucle la ville de Sidi Bel Abbes, dans l’ouest d’ALGERIE. Les teneurs révélées par le dosage par spectrometrie d’absorption atomique à flamme,le long du transect montrent clairement une accumulation non négligeable et à des concentrations variables en plomb et en zinc en relation avec le trafic routier. L’estimation de la mobilité des deux éléments étudiés par rapport à la distance de la chaussée a mis en évidence une dynamique décroissante des polluants proportionnellement liée à l’éloignement de la source de pollution. Le potentiel Hydrogène, la capacité d’échange cationique, et le pourcentage d’argile sont des paramètres physicochimiques à prendre en considération pour interpréter les teneurs révélées en polluants

Quantification de la pollution atmospherique dans le milieu urbain de Sidi Bel’Abbes (Algerie Occidentale)

The air pollution is now a very complex environmental problem locally and globally. Quantification of this pollution is possible by plant species tree.The use of plant species tree is used to quantify airborne contamination of heavy metals due to traffic. Analyses of the leaves of oriental plane tree (Platanus orientalis) and carob (Ceratonia siliqua) have made possible the mapping of sites polluted by the three heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cu) from the city of Sidi Bel Abbe (West Algeria). High concentrations of lead and zinc recorded in sixteen sampling sites are in close relationship with a very dense traffic and fleet age. Lead, zinc and copper, the main metal pollutants are coming from the exhaust gas, the wear of brake linings, tires and corrosion of crash barriers.La pollution atmosphérique constitue aujourd’hui un problème environnemental très complexe à l’échelle locale et planétaire. La quantification de cette pollution est possible par des espèces végétales arborescentes. L’utilisation des espèces végétales arborescentes a permis de quantifier la contamination aérienne en métaux lourds due au trafic routier. Les analyses des feuilles du platane d’orient (Platanus orientalis) et du caroubier (Ceratonia siliqua) ont rendu possible la cartographie des sites pollués par les trois métaux lourds (Pb, Zn, Cu) de la ville de Sidi Bel’ Abbes (Ouest Algérien). Les concentrations élevées en plomb et en zinc enregistrées dans seize sites de prélèvement sont en étroite relation avec un trafic routier très dense et un parc automobile vieillissant. Le plomb, le zinc et le cuivre, principaux polluants métalliques, sont issus des gaz d'échappement, de l'usure des garnitures de freins, des pneumatiques et de la corrosion des glissières de sécurité