Prevalencia del Síndrome de Burnout en el personal de Enfermería de dos Hospitales del Estado de México

Objetivos: Determinar la prevalencia del Síndrome de Burnout en el personal de enfermería de dos Hospitales del Estado de México. Hacer una comparación de la prevalencia del Síndrome de Burnout en ambos hospitales; así como describir los factores que lo ocasionan. Material y método: Se realizó una investigación de tipo descriptiva; con un estudio transversal, prospectivo y comparativo. El estudio se llevó a cabo en el personal de enfermería, con una población de 407 enfermeros, mediante un muestreo no probabilístico e intencional se obtuvo una muestra de 122 enfermeras, se utilizó el instrumento de Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) que mide los 3 aspectos del síndrome: cansancio emocional, despersonalización y falta de realización personal. El análisis estadístico es de tipo descriptivo, con el programa SPSS versión 13. Resultados: La prevalencia de Síndrome de Burnout en el Hospital Ecatepec es de 27% y en el Hospital de Cuautitlán de 24%. El Síndrome de Burnout de nivel alto en la muestra del estudio se obtuvo el 88% en Ecatepec en comparación el 82% el hospital de Cuautitlán. Entre los principales factores de este síndrome, es el turno, el servicio, el enlace de turno, ausentismo, la gravedad del paciente, y supervisión por jefes de servicio

MIRA: Mental Imagery for Robotic Affordances

Humans form mental images of 3D scenes to support counterfactual imagination, planning, and motor control. Our abilities to predict the appearance and affordance of the scene from previously unobserved viewpoints aid us in performing manipulation tasks (e.g., 6-DoF kitting) with a level of ease that is currently out of reach for existing robot learning frameworks. In this work, we aim to build artificial systems that can analogously plan actions on top of imagined images. To this end, we introduce Mental Imagery for Robotic Affordances (MIRA), an action reasoning framework that optimizes actions with novel-view synthesis and affordance prediction in the loop. Given a set of 2D RGB images, MIRA builds a consistent 3D scene representation, through which we synthesize novel orthographic views amenable to pixel-wise affordances prediction for action optimization. We illustrate how this optimization process enables us to generalize to unseen out-of-plane rotations for 6-DoF robotic manipulation tasks given a limited number of demonstrations, paving the way toward machines that autonomously learn to understand the world around them for planning actions.Comment: CoRL 2022, webpage: https://yenchenlin.me/mir

Quality improvement of mixed and ceramic recycled aggregates by biodeposition of calcium carbonate

This research focuses on improving the quality of mixed and ceramic recycled aggregates by microbially induced carbonate precipitation (Bacillus sphaericus). The precipitation contributed to a weight increase and unleashed a waterproofing response. The roughness of the ceramic particles created a more uniform layer compared to natural or concrete particles. For the concrete fraction, which had a higher macroporosity, the consolidation effect was more pronounced. High ceramic content aggregates profited from a greater biodeposition, leading to a remaining amount of precipitates after sonication which was still greater than in cementitious materials. Pore-filling effect was detected by SEM, supporting the waterproofing result. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

PLANEACION DIDACTICA GENERAL DE LA ASIGNATURA:ADMINISTRACION

GUIA DIDACTICA / PLANEACION DIDACTICA (NMS

Diet Supplementation with Polyphenol-Rich Salicornia ramosissima Extracts Protects against Tissue Damage in Experimental Models of Cerebral Ischemia

Salicornia; Ischemia; NeuroprotectionSalicornia; Isquemia; NeuroprotecciónSalicornia; Isquèmia; NeuroproteccióStrokes are the second most common cause of death worldwide and a leading cause of disability. Regular consumption of polyphenols has been shown to reduce the risk of suffering a cardiovascular event. For this reason, we have investigated the protective effect of Salicornia ramosissima, a seasonal halophyte that synthetizes high amounts of bioactive compounds, including polyphenols, in response to environmental stress. Aqueous, hydroalcoholic, and ethanolic extracts were prepared to investigate if dietary supplementation prior to ischemic challenge can prevent subsequent damage using two animal models. First, we screened the protective effect against hypoxia–reoxygenation in Drosophila melanogaster and observed that both ethanolic and hydroalcoholic extracts protected flies from the deleterious effects of hypoxia. Second, we confirmed the protective effect of S. ramosissima ethanolic extract against brain ischemia using the transient middle cerebral artery occlusion mice model. Four weeks of oral supplementation with the ethanolic extract before artery occlusion reduced infarct volume and lowered the plasma levels of the DNA peroxidant product 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine. Phytochemical profiling of S. ramosissima ethanolic extract revealed 50 compounds. Thus, it represents a valuable source of bioactive compounds that show promising disease-modifying activities and could be further developed as an effective food supplement for the prevention or treatment of neurovascular disorders.The authors received financial support from “CSF-Proyectos estratégicos de I+D+i. Proyectos cofinanciados en un 80% por fondos del Programa Operativo FEDER de Andalucía 2014–2020”, grant number PE-0527-2019. This research was partially funded by “Consejería de Transformación Económica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades (CTEICU) y 80% cofinanciados por la UE, PO FEDER Andalucía 2014-2020”, grant number [PY20_01351]. C.d.R. received financial support from the Sara Borrell program funded by ISCIII, grant number [CD21/00148]

MEK inhibition leads to BRCA2 downregulation and sensitization to DNA damaging agents in pancreas and ovarian cancer models

Targeting the DNA damage response (DDR) in tumors with defective DNA repair is a clinically successful strategy. The RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signalling pathway is frequently deregulated in human cancers. In this study, we explored the effects of MEK inhibition on the homologous recombination pathway and explored the potential for combination therapy of MEK inhibitors with DDR inhibitors and a hypoxia-activated prodrug. We studied effects of combining pimasertib, a selective allosteric inhibitor of MEK1/2, with olaparib, a small molecule inhibitor of poly (adenosine diphosphate [ADP]-ribose) polymerases (PARP), and with the hypoxia-activated prodrug evofosfamide in ovarian and pancreatic cancer cell lines. Apoptosis was assessed by Caspase 3/7 assay and protein expression was detected by immunoblotting. DNA damage response was monitored with γH2AX and RAD51 immunofluorescence staining. In vivo antitumor activity of pimasertib with evofosfamide were assessed in pancreatic cancer xenografts. We found that BRCA2 protein expression was downregulated following pimasertib treatment under hypoxic conditions. This translated into reduced homologous recombination repair demonstrated by levels of RAD51 foci. MEK inhibition was sufficient to induce formation of γH2AX foci, suggesting that inhibition of this pathway would impair DNA repair. When combined with olaparib or evofosfamide, pimasertib treatment enhanced DNA damage and increased apoptosis. The combination of pimasertib with evofosfamide demonstrated increased anti-tumor activity in BRCA wild-type Mia-PaCa-2 xenograft model, but not in the BRCA mutated BxPC3 model. Our data suggest that targeted MEK inhibition leads to impaired homologous recombination DNA damage repair and increased PARP inhibition sensitivity in BRCA- 2 proficient cancers

Cuidados del control prenatal en el primer nivel de atención en relación a la NOM-007-SSA2-1993

La Salud Perinatal se ha convertido en una prioridad a nivel internacional, para mejorar la salud materna está escrita en las agendas de Desarrollo Social, Equidad de Género y Salud Pública, y constituye uno de los Objetivos del Milenio (ODM) de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas, cuya meta es reducir la mortalidad materna en tres cuartas partes entre 1990 y 2015 y lograr el acceso universal a la atención materna por personal calificado, reflexionar sobre el compromiso planteado se debe contrastar con el escenario real para ser consciente que realmente se implemente, dicho planteamiento involucra la intervención del profesional de Enfermería dirigida a la atención del embarazo. 3 Objetivo: Identificar los cuidados que brinda el personal de Enfermería en el Control Prenatal a usuarias que acuden a instituciones del Primer Nivel de Atención en relación a la NOM-007-SSA2-1993. Material y métodos: Se estudio a 91 recursos de Enfermería mismas que atendieron a gestantes asistentes a instituciones del Primer Nivel de Atención para Consulta Prenatal; el cuestionario diseñado evalúa los cuidados proporcionados por el personal a la gestante como lo establece la NOM-007-SSA2-1993.El análisis descriptivo utilizó las Medidas de frecuencia y porcentaje. Resultados: Los cuidados brindados destacan por su cumplimiento (20.9- 86.8 %) proporcionar Ácido Fólico y aplicación de Toxoide Tetánico, promoción y orientación sobre planificación familiar; en cambio los cuidados menos practicados son la exploración de la vagina (20.9 %), exploración física de las glándulas mamarias (35.2 %), visita domiciliaria (40.7%) y maniobras de Leopold (44.0 %). Conclusiones: El personal de Enfermería debe empeñarse en desarrollar y aplicar las competencias obstétricas esenciales que se requiere para la valoración clínica con la finalidad de detectar oportunamente situaciones de riesgo del embarazo en el Primer Nivel de Atención y ampliar el quehacer profesional de Enfermería en la NOM-007-SSA2-1993

Association of VAV2 and VAV3 polymorphisms with cardiovascular risk factors

Hypertension, diabetes and obesity are cardiovascular risk factors closely associated to the development of renal and cardiovascular target organ damage. VAV2 and VAV3, members of the VAV family proto-oncogenes, are guanosine nucleotide exchange factors for the Rho and Rac GTPase family, which is related with cardiovascular homeostasis. We have analyzed the relationship between the presence of VAV2 rs602990 and VAV3 rs7528153 polymorphisms with cardiovascular risk factors and target organ damage (heart, vessels and kidney) in 411 subjects. Our results show that being carrier of the T allele in VAV2 rs602990 polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of obesity, reduced levels of ankle-brachial index and diastolic blood pressure and reduced retinal artery caliber. In addition, being carrier of T allele is associated with increased risk of target organ damage in males. On the other hand, being carrier of the T allele in VAV3 rs7528153 polymorphism is associated with a decreased susceptibility of developing a pathologic state composed by the presence of hypertension, diabetes, obesity or cardiovascular damage, and with an increased risk of developing altered basal glycaemia. This is the first report showing an association between VAV2 and VAV3 polymorphisms with cardiovascular risk factors and target organ damage

Influence of sex, age and diabetes on brain transcriptome and proteome modifications following cerebral ischemia

Diabetes; Proteome; SexDiabetis; Proteoma; SexeDiabetes; Proteoma; SexoIschemic stroke is a major cause of death and disability worldwide. Translation into the clinical setting of neuroprotective agents showing promising results in pre-clinical studies has systematically failed. One possible explanation is that the animal models used to test neuroprotectants do not properly represent the population affected by stroke, as most of the pre-clinical studies are performed in healthy young male mice. Therefore, we aimed to determine if the response to cerebral ischemia differed depending on age, sex and the presence of comorbidities. Thus, we explored proteomic and transcriptomic changes triggered during the hyperacute phase of cerebral ischemia (by transient intraluminal middle cerebral artery occlusion) in the brain of: (1) young male mice, (2) young female mice, (3) aged male mice and (4) diabetic young male mice. Moreover, we compared each group's proteomic and transcriptomic changes using an integrative enrichment pathways analysis to disclose key common and exclusive altered proteins, genes and pathways in the first stages of the disease. We found 61 differentially expressed genes (DEG) in male mice, 77 in females, 699 in diabetics and 24 in aged mice. Of these, only 14 were commonly dysregulated in all groups. The enrichment pathways analysis revealed that the inflammatory response was the biological process with more DEG in all groups, followed by hemopoiesis. Our findings indicate that the response to cerebral ischemia regarding proteomic and transcriptomic changes differs depending on sex, age and comorbidities, highlighting the importance of incorporating animals with different phenotypes in future stroke research studies.This work has been funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI18/00804) and by the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER). Neurovascular Research Laboratory takes part in the Spanish stroke research network RICORS-ICTUS. L.R is supported by a pre-doctoral fellowship from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (IFI17/00012)