Tinjauan Hukum Islam Terhadap ‘Akad Sewa Menyewa Alat-Alat Pesta Pada Persewaan JK Sound Sistem Di Kecamatan Donorojo-Pacitan

Ijarah merupakan praktik pemindahan manfaat atas suatu barang yang bertolak pada pemanfaatan jasa. Secara mendasar, pemahaman ijarah adalah upah sewa yang diberikan kepada seseorang yang telah mengerjakan satu pekerjaan sebagai balasan atas pekerjaannya. Di dalam praktik sewa menyewa yang dilakukan di JK Sound System Kecamatan Donorojo Pacitan, alat-alat yang disewakan adalah berupa perlengkapan pesta. Berpijak pada fenomena penyewaan alat pesta tersebut selanjutnya menjadi fokus kajian dalam penelitian ini, yakni pertanyaan yang diajukan adalah bagaimanakah cara pengelolaan yang dilakukan oleh persewaan JK Sound System Kecamatan Donorojo Pacitan? Apakah sudah sesuai dengan tinjauan hukum Islam atau belum? Hal inilah yang hendak diungkap oleh peneliti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui praktik akad sewa menyewa yang dilakukan JK sound system di Kecamatan Donorojo Pacitan, serta bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi bagi JK Sound System di Kecamatan Donorojo Pacitan dalam menerapkan akad sewa menyewa dalam konsep hukum Islam. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Adapun untuk mendapatkan data penelitian ini melakukan langkah-langkah, di antaranya wawancara, observasi, dan pengumpulan dokumen yang dimiliki JK Sound System. Analisis data dilakukan secara deduktif, yakni pemaparan dilakukan dari hal umum menuju ke persoalan yang lebih khusus. Melalui cara ini diharapkan penelitian dapat tetap fokus pada persoalan yang hendak diungkap. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa: (1) akad sewa menyewa di dalam JK Sound System dilakukan dengan dasar kepercayaan, proses transaksi yang dilakukan tidak mendasarkan pada perjanjian tertulis yang dibuat oleh kedua belah pihak, yakni antara pemilik barang sewaan atau yang menyewakan (mu’jir) dengan orang yang menyewa (musta’jir); (2) Proses sewa menyewa terjadi secara lisan, penyewa mendatangi langsung ke rumah atau melalui telepon. Pada tahap ini pemilik persewaan tidak memberikan ketentuan dan syarat-syarat yang harus dipenuhi oleh penyewa; (3) Pada sisi tinjauan hukum Islam dapat disimpulkan bahwa akad sewa menyewa di JK Sound System Kecamatan Donorojo Pacitan apabila Sound System yang disewakan untuk orkes atau ndangdutan maka hukumnya haram

Failure analysis of a steel motorcycle kickstand

Copyright @ 2009 Springer US.A fractured steel motorcycle kickstand was metallurgically investigated using a range of failure analysis tools [visual examination, energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, electron microprobe analysis (EPMA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fractography, optical microscopy, hardness testing and non-destructive testing (NDT)]. The steel kickstand’s composition, its microstructure, electron fractographs, and mechanical test results have been critically interpreted. Some evidence of wear damage, in the failed kickstand, was observed. The microstructural and fractographic analyses showed pre-existing micro-cracks which were believed to have grown to result in ductile failure followed by acceleration of corrosion. Recommendations have been made to avoid the failure of the motorcycle kickstand

Perceived change in tobacco use and its associated factors among older adults residing in rohingya refugee camps during the covid-19 pandemic in bangladesh

This study explored the perceived change in tobacco use during the COVID-19 pandemic and its associated factors among older adults residing in Rohingya refugee camps, also referred to as Forcibly Displaced Myanmar Nationals in Bangladesh. The study followed a cross-sectional design and was conducted in October 2020 among 416 older adults aged 60 years and above. A purposive sampling technique was applied to identify eligible participants, and face-to-face interviews were conducted using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire to collect the data. Participants were asked if they noted any change in their tobacco use patterns (smoking or smokeless tobacco) during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to pre-pandemic. Binary logistic regression models determined the factors associated with the perceived change in tobacco use. More than one in five participants (22.4%) were current tobacco users, of whom 40.8% reported a perceived increase in tobacco use during the COVID-19 pandemic. Adjusted analysis revealed that participants who were concerned about COVID-19 had significantly (p < 0.05) lower odds of perceived increase in tobacco use (aOR = 0.22, 95% CI: 0.06–0.73), while older adults who were overwhelmed by COVID-19 (aOR = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.06–1.18) and communicated less frequently with others during the pandemic than before (aOR = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.03–1.20) had marginally significantly (p < 0.1) lower odds of perceived increase in tobacco use during this pandemic. Relevant stakeholders, policymakers, and practitioners need to focus on strengthening awareness-raising initiatives as part of an emergency preparedness plan to control tobacco use during such a crisis period

THE IN VITRO AND EX VIVO EFFECT OF PHYLLANTHUS NIRURI METHANOL EXTRACT ON HEPATIC GLUTATHIONE S-TRANSFERASE ACTIVITY IN STZ-INDUCED DIABETIC SPRAGUE DAWLEY RATS

ABSTRACTObjective: The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro and ex vivo (acute and sub-chronic doses) effect of Phyllanthus niruri methanol extract (PNME) on the activity of cytosolic glutathione S-transferase (GST) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic young female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats.Methods: Young female SD rats were induced type I diabetes mellitus using STZ (60 mg/kg i.v.). The in vitro study was performed on cytosolic fraction of diabetic rat livers using PNME in concentrations of 0.01, 1 and 10 µg/ml. Meanwhile, ex vivo studies were performed on diabetic rats using PNME in doses of 500, 1000, 2000 and 5000 mg/kg p.o. for acute study (1 day) and 100, 500 and 2000 mg/kg/day p.o. for sub-chronic study (14 days). The GST activity in the cytosolic liver fraction was measured using spectrophotometric analysis.Results: The in vitro study showed that, there is no significant effect of the three concentrations of PNME versus control on GST activity in cytosolic fraction of diabetic young female SD rat livers, while for ex vivo study, there is a significant dose independent induction effect on GST enzyme activity at all doses used in acute study. Meanwhile, sub-chronic study showed significant dose-independent induction effect at doses 500 and 2000 mg/kg.Conclusion: This study suggests that Phyllanthus niruri may increase the clearance of drugs that are metabolized by GST enzyme in phase II metabolism when given concomitantly with this plant extract.Key words: Phyllanthus niruri, GST, diabetic rats, cytosolic liver fraction, phase II metabolismÂ

Preliminary nitrite, nitrate and colour analysis of Malaysian edible bird’s nest

AbstractThe high nitrite content in edible bird’s nests is a major concern to the local swiftlet industry. It lowers the price of the edible bird’s nests and it brings severe health hazards to consumers and farmers. This research investigated the nitrite and nitrate contents of eight types of local edible bird’s nests by using ion chromatography system and evaluating its colour using the CIE system in L∗a∗b∗ parameters. The nitrite content obtained ranged from 5.7μg/g for the house nests to 843.8μg/g for the cave nests. The nitrate content for the house and cave nests was 98.2μg/g and 36,999.4μg/g, respectively. The cave nests with darker and redder colour had higher nitrite and nitrate contents than the brighter and more yellow house nests. This likely suggests that the nitrite and nitrate contents have correlations with edible bird’s nests colour. Correlations studies suggested that the nitrite content had high correlations with colour parameters, L∗a∗b∗ of edible bird’s nests at significant level of P<0.10. These findings suggest that edible bird’s nests’ colour may be a useful indicator for measuring nitrite and nitrate contaminations

Understanding experiences of Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander patients at the emergency departments in Australia

Objectives: The present study describes the experiences of Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander patients and the factors that shaped their experiences of ED visits in regional settings. Methods: This is a qualitative descriptive study. We conducted semi-structured in-depth interviews with Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander patients who used the ED services at three hospitals in New South Wales, Northern Territory and South Australia. We coded the collected data and analysed them using a thematic analysis technique. Results: A total of 33 Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander patients participated. Analyses of their experiences revealed four themes, which included: (i) patients' waiting times in ED; (ii) cultural determinants of health; (iii) treatment services; and (iv) safety, security and privacy. Conclusions: A holistic approach and a robust hospital commitment to address cultural needs while considering overall health, social and emotional wellbeing, will enhance Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander patients' satisfaction for ED visits

Distribusi Dana Sosial Pada Baitul MAL WA TAMWIL (BMT) Alfadinar Kerjo Karanganyar

ABSTRACT One role of Islamic financial institutions is to distribute social funds to the people who come from non-asset funds (fines / garāmah) and other sources such as the donation, sadaqah, zakat and waqf. Thus, the obligation to institute sharia is distributing non-asset funds as a form of social funds. Cases where the application of social mobilization and distribution of funds committed by (BMT) Alfa Dinar Kerjo Karanganyar impose fines (garāmah) to customer. In addition to the collection of fines (garāmah), there are several other sources of social funds collected by BMT Alfa Dinar. The case can be defined in this research is how the application of the distribution of social funds in the Baitul Mal wa Tamwil (BMT) Alfa Dinar Kerjo Karanganyar and whether the implementation of the social fund distribution is in accordance with the National Sharia Board Fatwa (DSN) No. 17 / DSN-MUI / IX / 2000 regarding sanctions for capable customer who Procrastination Payment. The Advantage of this study is to determine and analyze the implementation of the distribution of social funds (garāmah) at Baitul Mal wa Tamwil (BMT) Alfa Dinar Kerjo Karanganyar. Advantage which can be obtained from the study are expected to be stimulated (stimulant) for further research and can be used as reference material in managing Islamic financial institutions particularly at Baitul Mal wa Tamwil (BMT) Alfa Dinar. This type of research is a field research (field research), this research is descriptive qualitative where in analyzing existing data, researchers used the analytical instrument metaphor (descriptive) by knowing the collected data and then analyze it. The final results showed social funds BMT Alfa Dinar Kerjo Karanganyar sourced from clients were unaware of responsibilities on murābahah and others. These funds are called fund of funds garāmah because the customer is expected to be more disciplined in carrying out its obligations, in addition to the social fund is also derived voluntary funds from the public in the form of mandatory dues and voluntary donations member. Implementation of the distribution of social funds by BMT Alfa Dinar Kerjo Karanganyar accordance with DSN MUI fatwa No. 17 2000 regarding sanctions on capable customer of procrastinating payment. Fine can be imposed on rogue clients, which could dama able to pay on time but deliberately delay. Fund fines (garāmah) is not taken and used by BMT Alfa Dinar Kerjo Karanganyar but something accommodated in the post or account that social funds each month will be transferred or donated to the amil zakat institutions to be used to help the poor, orphans and widows and decrepit

Peranan Pengabdian pada Masyarakat UNRI sebagai wujud pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Desa Berancah di Tengah Pandemi Covid-19

Community service Balek Kampung during the covid-19 pandemic are different from community service in general. Community service balek kampung during the covid-19 pandemic can be done in groups boldly and semi-daing (directly in the field on a limited basis). With the existence of Community service in the midst of the covid-19 pandemic, it is hoped that students will still have the urgency of service so that they can develop student competencies and social interactions in the community. This study aims to determine the role of Real Work Lectures as a form of community service. Methods of data collection using the method of observation and documentation. Observation is an observation in the form of a series of activities to focus on an object with the senses. The documentation method used in this study is to support data such as data on Community service participants, community service locations, and community service activities. The results of this study indicate that community service activities as a form of community service during the pandemic can still be enjoyed by the community and the role of students can still be carried out with a series of innovative activities and continue to carry out health protocol

Quantitative assessment of fecal contamination in multiple environmental sample types in urban communities in Dhaka, Bangladesh using SaniPath microbial approach.

Rapid urbanization has led to a growing sanitation crisis in urban areas of Bangladesh and potential exposure to fecal contamination in the urban environment due to inadequate sanitation and poor fecal sludge management. Limited data are available on environmental fecal contamination associated with different exposure pathways in urban Dhaka. We conducted a cross-sectional study to explore the magnitude of fecal contamination in the environment in low-income, high-income, and transient/floating neighborhoods in urban Dhaka. Ten samples were collected from each of 10 environmental compartments in 10 different neighborhoods (4 low-income, 4 high-income and 2 transient/floating neighborhoods). These 1,000 samples were analyzed with the IDEXX-Quanti-Tray technique to determine most-probable-number (MPN) of E. coli. Samples of open drains (6.91 log10 MPN/100 mL), surface water (5.28 log10 MPN/100 mL), floodwater (4.60 log10 MPN/100 mL), produce (3.19 log10 MPN/serving), soil (2.29 log10 MPN/gram), and street food (1.79 log10 MPN/gram) had the highest mean log10 E. coli contamination compared to other samples. The contamination concentrations did not differ between low-income and high-income neighborhoods for shared latrine swabs, open drains, municipal water, produce, and street foodsamples. E. coli contamination levels were significantly higher (p <0.05) in low-income neighborhoods compared to high-income for soil (0.91 log10 MPN/gram, 95% CI, 0.39, 1.43), bathing water (0.98 log10 MPN/100 mL, 95% CI, 0.41, 1.54), non-municipal water (0.64 log10 MPN/100 mL, 95% CI, 0.24, 1.04), surface water (1.92 log10 MPN/100 mL, 95% CI, 1.44, 2.40), and floodwater (0.48 log10 MPN/100 mL, 95% CI, 0.03, 0.92) samples. E. coli contamination were significantly higher (p<0.05) in low-income neighborhoods compared to transient/floating neighborhoods for drain water, bathing water, non-municipal water and surface water. Future studies should examine behavior that brings people into contact with the environment and assess the extent of exposure to fecal contamination in the environment through multiple pathways and associated risks