Efectividad del aceite esencial de orégano mexicano de República Dominicana (Lippia graveolens) contra plagas del maíz (Sitophilus zeamais y Fusarium verticillioides)

The insecticidal and antifungal properties of Mexican oregano (Lippia graveolens) essential oil from the Dominican Republic were investigated under laboratory conditions against two main pests of stored grains: Sitophilus zeamais and Fusarium verticillioides. Although oregano essential oil at 600 ?l/l air did not result in a significant mortality of S. zeamais after 24 hours of exposure by fumigation, this essential oil was a powerful acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor in vitro. One of the main components of oregano essential oil, p-cymene, presented fumigant toxicity and AChE inhibition activity against the maize weevil. The L. graveolens essential oil antifungal activity against F. verticillioides was evaluated at 50, 100 and 200 ?l/l, and it was found that growth parameters were affected by the presence of oregano essential oil in the media, whereas FB1 production was not inhibited. The results demonstrate that oregano essential oil and p-cymene can be used as alternatives to synthetic pesticides against F. verticillioides and S. zeamais, respectively.Se estudiaron en condiciones de laboratorio las propiedades insecticidas y fungicidas del aceite esencial de orégano mexicano (Lippia graveolens) de República Dominicana contra dos plagas principales de granos almacenados: Sitophilus zeamais y Fusarium verticillioides. Aunque el aceite esencial de orégano a 600 ?l/l de aire no resultó en una mortalidad significativa de S. zeamais después de 24 horas de exposición a la fumigación, fue un potente inhibidor de la acetilcolinesterasa (AChE) in vitro. El p-cimeno, uno de los principales componentes del aceite esencial, presentó actividad fumigante y de inhibición de la AChE contra el gorgojo del maíz. Además se evaluó la actividad antifúngica frente a F. verticillioides a 50, 100 y 200 ?l/l y se encontró que los parámetros de crecimiento del hongo fueron afectados por la presencia del aceite esencial de orégano en el medio, mientras que la producción de fumonisina B1 (FB1) no se inhibió. Los resultados demuestran que el aceite esencial de orégano y el p-cimeno se pueden usar como alternativas a los pesticidas sintéticos contra F. verticillioides y S. zeamais, respectivamente

Köln's unstable hemoglobin: case report and literature review Hemoglobina instável de Köln: relato de caso e revisão de literatura

Unstable hemoglobins are a group of genetic variants of hemoglobins caused by the mutation of amino acids into alpha and beta globins and, depending on the points and types of mutation, the result can vary from no clinical symptomatology to severe hemolytic anemia. On the present report, we study the case of a female patient who showed a very exuberant hematological picture for the red series, which suggests hemoglobinic changes; this was confirmed following the conduction of the protocol established by Laboratório Médico Santa Luzia for the study of hemoglobinopathies and which was then sent for a reference laboratory: C.D.A. Naoun Laboratórios de Análises Clínicas<br>As hemoglobinas instáveis constituem um grupo de variantes genéticas de hemoglobinas causadas pela mutação de aminoácidos nas globinas alfa e beta e, dependendo dos pontos e dos tipos de mutações ocorridos, o resultado pode ser de nenhuma sintomatologia clínica até anemias hemolíticas graves. No presente relato, estudamos o caso de uma paciente que apresentava um quadro hematológico de série vermelha bastante exuberante, sugestivo de alteração hemoglobínica, o que foi confirmado após realização do protocolo estabelecido pelo Laboratório Médico Santa Luzia para estudo de hemoglobinopatias e posteriormente enviado para o laboratório de referência C.D.A. Naoun Laboratórios de Análises Clínicas

Semisynthesis of new D-seco-C-nor-taxane derivatives containing a polyfunctionalized furanosyl or cyclopentenyl or cyclopentil C-ring

The synthesis of new D-seco-C-nor-taxane derivatives in which the D-ring has been deleted and the C-ring has been transformed into a new pentatomic ring, i.e., the polyfunctionalized tetrahydrofuranosyl and cyclopentenyl or cyclopentyl ring, was performed starting from baccatin III derivatives. The synthetic strategy adopted took advantage of the oxetane ring opening and disconnection of the C-4-C-5 bond, followed by an intramolecular condensation. The formation of furanosyl or cyclopentyl rings is strictly dependent on the presence of unprotected or protected oxygen at C-7 in the starting material. The reactions proceeded with good diastereoselectivity with control of the stereochemistry of one or two stereocenters

Virulence genes of Escherichia coli in diarrheic and healthy calves. [Genes de virulencia de Escherichia coli en terneros con diarrea neonatal y asintomáticos].

Abstract:Escherichia coli ETEC, EPEC, NTEC and STEC/EHEC pathotypes are often isolatedfrom bovine feces. The objective of this study was to detect 21 E. coli virulence genes in fecesfrom 252 dairy calves in Uruguay (149 with neonatal diarrhea --- NCD --- and 103 asymptomatic).Genes iucD, f17A, afa8E, papC, clpG and f17G(II) were the most prevalent (81.3%; 48.4%; 37.3%;35.7%; 34.1%; 31.3%, respectively). Genes eae, stx1and stx2 were poorly represented; 13/252animals harbored one or a combination of these genes. The prevalence of the cnf gene was4.4%, while that of cdt-IV and cdt-III genes was 24.2% and 12.7% respectively. This study reportsupdated data about the virulence profiles of E. coli in dairy calves in Uruguay. A large number ofadhesins and toxin genes were detected. Our results demonstrate that E. coli from bovine feceshas diarrheagenic and extraintestinal profiles although other NCD risks factors may contributeto the disease outcome.Resumen:Los patotipos de Escherichia coli ETEC, EPEC, NTEC y STEC/EHEC son frecuentemente aislados de heces bovinas. El objetivo del presente estudio fue detectar 21 genes de virulencia de E. coli en las heces de 252 terneros de leche en Uruguay, 149 de ellos con síntomas de diarrea neonatal (DNT) y 103 asintomáticos. Los genes iucD, f17A, afa8E, papC, clpG y f17G(II) fueron los más prevalentes (81,3; 48,4; 37,3; 35,7; 34,1 y 31,3%, respectivamente). Los genes eae, stx1 y stx2 estuvieron poco representados: 13/252 animales presentaron uno o una combinación de dichos genes. La prevalencia del gen cnf fue del 4,4%, mientras que la de los genes cdt-IV y cdt-III fue del 24,2 y 12,7%, respectivamente. Este trabajo aporta datos actualizados sobre el perfil de virulencia de E. coli en terneros en Uruguay. Fueron detectados un alto número de genes de adherencia y de toxinas. Se demuestra que los aislamientos de E. coli recuperados de heces de terneros presentan perfiles diarreogénicos y extraintestinales, aunque otros factores de riesgo de DNT podrán contribuir al desarrollo de la enfermedad

Antiproliferative effects on human tumor cells and rat aortic smooth muscular cells of 2,3-heteroarylmaleimides and heterofused imides

A series of 2,3-heteroarylmaleimides 9 and polyheterocondensed imides 12 were prepared in good yields and short reaction time using a very efficient procedure consisting in the condensation of the corresponding anhydrides and N,N-diethylethylenediamine and microwave heating. The antiproliferative activity of the novel molecules was tested against human tumor cells (NCI-H460 lung carcinoma) and rat aortic smooth muscle cells (SMCs). The IC50 values for the novel molecules ranged from 0.08 to 13.9 lM in SMCs, and from 0.84 to 9 lM in the tumor cell line. The activity profile for compounds 9 and 12 is comparable to that obtained for amonafide in NCI-H460, except for fused imides 12b,i which proved to be about 10-fold more potent. Whereas, in rat SMCs, only the compound 12b was shown to be 10-fold more potent than amonafide. Instead 12c is equipotent to amonafide. These results suggest that the extended p-system and the kind of heteroatom are essential in the binding with the molecular targe

Synthesis, Structural and Biological Evaluation of Bis-Heteroarylmaleimides and Bis-Heterofused Imides

Bis-2,3-heteroarylmaleimides and polyheterocondensed imides joined through nitrogen atoms of the N,N\u2032-bis(ethyl)-1,3-propanediamine linker were prepared from substituted maleic anhydrides and symmetrical diamines in good to satisfactory yields and short reaction times using microwave heating. The novel molecules were shown to inhibit proliferation of human tumor cells (NCI-H460 lung carcinoma) and rat aortic smooth muscle cells (SMCs) with variable potencies. Compound 11a, the most potent one of the series, showed IC 50 values comparable to those observed for the leading molecule elinafide in both cell lines, but with a higher selectivity toward human tumor cells. Compound 11a affected G1/S phase transition of the cell cycle, showed in vitro DNA intercalating activity and in vivo antitumor activity. A thorough structural analysis of the 11a-DNA complex was also made by mean of NMR and computational techniques

Totally implantable central venous access ports in patients with cystic fibrosis : a multicenter prospective cohort study

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of late onset complications of totally implantable venous access devices (TIVAD) in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and to investigate possible associations between the rate of complications and different policies of TIVAD management. Methods: A multicenter prospective cohort study was performed in 11 Italian CF Centers. Patients with CF and a TIVAD were recruited and followed-up. Results: The study commenced on May 2008 and ended on September 2010. Eighty subjects were studied (77.5% women - mean age 27.2 years). Eighteen late complications of ports were observed (22.5%; incidence 0.96 per 1000 days of observation): three lumen occlusions, seven catheter-related infections , three port-related venous thrombosis, in addition to five other complications. A statistically significant association was found between the onset of catheter-related infection and the presence of CF-related diabetes (CFRD) (P=.0064) Conclusions: Our data suggest that TIVADs represent a safe and effective device for the intermittent IV administration of drugs in people with CF. However, people with CFRD have a higher risk of developing TIVAD-related infection

Isoxazolo(aza)naphthoquinones : a new class of cytotoxic Hsp90 inhibitors

A series of 3-aryl-naphtho[2,3-d]isoxazole-4,9-diones and some of their 6-aza analogues were synthesized and found to inhibit the heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90). The compounds were tested for their binding to Hsp90 and for their effects on Hsp90 client proteins expression in a series of human tumour cell lines. Representative compounds (7f, 10c) downregulated the Hsp90 client proteins EGFR, Akt, Cdk4, Raf-1, and survivin, and upregulated Hsp70. Most of the compounds, in particular the alkylated 3-pyridyl derivatives, exhibited potent antiproliferative activity, down to two-digit nanomolar range. Preliminary results indicated in vivo activity of 7f against human epithelial carcinoma A431 model growing as tumor xenograft in nude mice, thus supporting the therapeutic potential of this novel series of Hsp90 inhibitors