Blood coagulation and beyond:Position paper from the Fourth Maastricht Consensus Conference on Thrombosis

The 4th Maastricht Consensus Conference on Thrombosis (MCCT), included the following themes: Theme 1: The coagulome as a critical driver of cardiovascular disease Blood coagulation proteins also play divergent roles in biology and pathophysiology, related to specific organs, including brain, heart, bone marrow and kidney. Four investigators shared their views on these organ-specific topics. Theme 2: Novel mechanisms of thrombosis Mechanisms linking factor XII to fibrin, including their structural and physical properties, contribute to thrombosis, which is also affected by variation in microbiome status. Virus infections associated-coagulopathies perturb the hemostatic balance resulting in thrombosis and/or bleeding. Theme 3: How to limit bleeding risks: insights from translational studies This theme included state of the art methodology for exploring the contribution of genetic determinants of a bleeding diathesis; determination of polymorphisms in genes that control the rate of metabolism by the liver of P2Y12 inhibitors, to improve safety of antithrombotic therapy. Novel reversal agents for direct oral anticoagulants are discussed. Theme 4: Hemostasis in extracorporeal systems: how to utilize ex vivo models? Perfusion flow chamber and nanotechnology developments are developed for studying bleeding and thrombosis tendencies. Vascularised organoids are utilized for disease modeling and drug development studies. Strategies for tackling extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) associated coagulopathy are discussed. Theme 5: Clinical dilemmas in thrombosis and antithrombotic management Plenary presentations addressed controversial areas, ie thrombophilia testing, thrombosis risk assessment in hemophilia, novel antiplatelet strategies and clinically tested factor XI(a) inhibitors,both possibly with reduced bleeding risk. Finally, Covid-19 associated coagulopathy is revisited.</p

Hak-Hak Penyandang Disabilitas Dalam Bidang Sarana Pendidikan Berdasarkan Pasal 9 Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2011 Tentang Pengesahan Convention On The Rights Of Persons With Disabilities (Studi Pel

Pada skripsi ini, penulis mengangkat permasalahan terkait keadilan di dunia pendidikan khususnya aksesibilitas yang ramah bagi penyandang disabilitas di Universitas Brawijaya. Selama ini sarana penunjang proses belajar mengajar atau aksesibilitas dilingkungan kampus belum sepenuhnya menyentuh semua pihak, misalnya penyandang disabilitas yang tidak bisa mencapai ruang kelas, perpustakaan, gazebo, toilet dan sebagainya akibat dari kurangnya aksesibilitas yang ramah terhadap penyandang disabilitas. Berdasarkan hal tersebut diatas, penelitian pada skripsi ini mengangkat rumusan masalah: (1). Bagaimana pelaksanaan hak-hak dasar bagi penyandang disabilitas menurut Pasal 9 Undang-undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 19 Tahun 2011 tentang Pengesahan Convention On The Rights Of Persons With Disabilities (Konvensi Mengenai Hak-Hak Penyandang Disabilitas) di Universitas Brawijaya Malang? (2). Apa kendala yang dihadapi oleh Universitas Brawijaya dalam pemenuhan hak-hak dasar penyandang disabilitas bidang sarana pendidikan agar sesuai dengan Pasal 9 Undang-undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 19 Tahun 2011 tentang Pengesahan Convention On The Rights Of Persons With Disabilities (Konvensi Mengenai Hak-Hak Penyandang Disabilitas) dan bagaimana solusinya? Penulisan skripsi ini menggunakan metode yuridis-empiris dengan metode pendekatan yuridis sosiologis. Kemudian menggunakan bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier yang diperoleh penulis dan akan dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik interpretasi teleologis atau sosiologis dengan interpretasi yang berpandangan makna dari sebuah peraturan harus diimplementasikan dimasyarakat khususnya dalam hal ini mahasiswa penyandang disabilitas di Universitas Brawijaya. Dari hasil penelitian dengan metode diatas, penulis memperoleh jawaban atas permasalahan yang ada bahwa pelaksanaan hak-hak dasar bagi penyandang disabilitas menurut Pasal 9 Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 19 Tahun 2011 tentang Pengesahan Convention On The Rights Of Persons With Disabilities (Konvensi Mengenai Hak-Hak Penyandang Disabilitas) di Universitas Brawijaya Malang meliputi membangun aksesibilitas dilingkungan Universitas Brawijaya yang ramah terhadap penyandang disabilitas, menyediakan akomodasi bagi penyandang disabilitas, melakukan penelitian tentang isu-isu disabilitas dan meningkatkan sensitivitas civitas akademika Universitas Brawijaya terhadap isuisu disabilitas dan penyandang disabilitas

Liquid supercoiling

Supercoiling is the large-scale secondary coiling or buckling of a structure that is already coiled at a smaller scale. Here, we show experimentally that a fluidmechanical analog of supercoiling can occur when a thin "rope" of viscous fluid falls vertically from a great height onto a surface. For appropriate values of the viscosity ν, the flow rate Q, and the fall height H, a primary coiling instability of the rope forms a hollow coiled cylinder that then experiences a secondary buckling instability in the form of periodic folding accompanied by slow rotation of the folding plane. To delineate the conditions under which this supercoiling state appears, we carry out systematic laboratory experiments over wide ranges of Q and H using several fluids with different viscosities. We find that five different states of the rope are possible: supercoiling (SC), periodic collapse of the fluid cylinder formed by a primary coiling instability (PC), periodic folding (F), and steady coiling (C) of the rope itself, and axisymmetric stagnation flow(S). Up to three of these states can be realized for a given set of experimental conditions, and we determine detailed state diagrams showing which combinations are observed as a function of ν, Q, and H. The selection of the states is controlled by the dimensionless parameter gHQ2/ν4 (g is the gravitational acceleration), which is directly related to the ratio of the rope radius a to the coil radius R in steady primary coiling with the parameters ν, Q, and H.</p

Bubble generation in liquid rope coiling

We present an experimental study of liquid rope coiling in order to explore different possibilities of air bubble generation in a viscous fluid. A column of viscous fluid falling on a smooth solid surface exhibits different behaviours, e.g., axisymmetric stagnation flow, coiling, rotatory folding, supercoiling, etc. These states provide ample opportunity for air to get trapped inside the body of a fluid. We investigate bubble generation mechanisms by studying the instability of a falling fluid rope and the characteristics of the observed bubbles. Our experiments show that a viscous rope undergoing supercoiling on the impact surface can, at times, produce a four-branched spiral pattern of bubbles. Finally, we provide a phase diagram illustrating the bubble properties relevant to the flow rate and fall height of the viscous jet. Our study provides a very simple method for the generation of mono/bi-dispersed bubbles in viscous fluids at high rates with an ability to tune the bubble size

Dilemma in Parkinson's Treatment; Levodopa Monotherapy May be the Best Choice

Introduction: Several treatment strategies have been claimed for Parkinson's disease (PD) so far. However, there remains controversies over the best possible treatment. The aim of this study is to compare Levodopa monotherapy versus Pramipexole in combination with Levodopa L in patients with PD with regards to the efficacy and side effects. Methods: Patients being treated with levodopa alone and Pramipexole add-on therapy to Levodopa were enrolled in the study. Factors regarding efficacy and side effects were assessed and analyzed between both groups by appropriate tests. Results: 176 Patients were enrolled in the study. Results showed significant higher total MDS-UPDRS (worse total disease severity score) among patients being treated with Pramipexole add-on therapy which was particularly higher in parts 1 (Mentation, behavior and mood), 2 (Activity of daily living) and 3 (Motor examination) (P-values < 0.05). Psychosis global score with significantly higher frequency of hallucination and depression, statistically higher in combination therapy group compared to Levodopa monotherapy group (P-value < 0.05). Patients in the Pramipexole add-on group reported lower scores of Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) (P-value < 0.05). Significant correlation was between disease duration and psychosis score among Levodopa monotherapy group (P-value < 0.05). Conclusions: Compared to Levodopa monotherapy, Add-on therapy with Pramipexole shows less efficiency yet more side effects. This indicates that single administration of Levodopa still remains the best available treatment for Parkinson's disease. © 2020 Elsevier Lt

Another Fallen Hash-Based RFID Authentication Protocol

Abstract. In this paper, we scrutinize the security of an RFID protocol [9], which has been recently proposed, and show important vulnerabilities. Our first attack is a passive one that can disclose all secret information stored on the tags ’ memory. We only need to eavesdrop one session of the protocol between a tag and a legitimate reader (connected to the back-end database) and perform O(2 17)off-line evaluations of the PRNG-function – while the authors wrongly claimed the complexity of any such attack would be around 2 48 operations. Although the extracted information is enough to launch other relevant attacks and thus to completely rule out any of the protocol’s security claims, we additionally present several attacks using alternative strategies that show the protocol is flawed in more than one way and has many exploitable weaknesses. More precisely, we present a tag impersonation attack that requires the execution of only two runs of the protocol, and has a success probability of 1. It must be noted that this attack is, however, not applicable to the original protocol that the authors attempted to improve so, in a way, their improvement is not such. Finally, we show two approaches to trace a tag, as long as it has not updated its secret values. For all the above, we conclude that the improved protocol is even less secure than the original proposal, which is also quite insecure, and cannot be recommended