Neglected foreign body aspiration mimicking bronchial carcinoma

Foreign body aspiration can occur in any age group, but it is more commonly seen in children. In adults, there is usually a predisposing condition that poses a risk of aspiration. If aspiration occurs, prompt diagnosis and extraction of the foreign body is needed to prevent early and late complications. We report a rare case of neglected foreign body aspiration in a 45-year-old schizophrenic opium addicted patient, which resulted in an occlusive lesion in the bronchus, mimicking bronchial carcinoma. © The Author(s) 2015

ISTRAŽIVANJE OPERACIJA MINIRANJA KORISTEĆI METODU ODLUČIVANJA

Blasting is one of the most important operations in the mining projects. Inappropriate blasting pattern may lead to unwanted events such as poor fragmentation, back break, fly rock etc. and affect the whole operation physically and economically. In fact selecting of the most suitable pattern among previously performed patterns can be considered as a Multi Attribute Decision MakingMiniranje je jedna od najvažnijih operacija pri projektiranju u rudarstvu. Nedovoljno dobar uzorak može pridonijeti nastanku neželjenih događaja kao što su fragmentizacija, pucanje, \u27fly rock\u27 itd. te utjecati na razvoj cijele operacije fizički i ekonomski. U principu, odabir najboljeg uzorka može se smatrati važnom odlukom

Comparison Between Conventional Design and Cathode Gas Recirculation Design of a Direct-Syngas Solid Oxide Fuel Cell–Gas Turbine Hybrid Systems Part I: Design Performance

In this paper, a conventional SOFC–GT hybrid system and a SOFC–GT hybrid system with cathode gas recirculation system fueled with syngas as the main source of energy were analyzed and their performances were compared. In the conventional SOFC–GT hybrid system, the incoming air to the cathode was heated at air recuperator and air preheater to meet the required cathode inlet temperature. In the SOFC–GT hybrid system with cathode gas recirculation, besides air recuperator and air preheater, the recirculation of the cathode exhaust gas was also used to meet the required cathode inlet temperature. The system performances have been analyzed by means of models developed with the computer program Cycle–Tempo. A complete model of the SOFC–GT hybrid system with these two configurations evaluated in terms of energy and exergy efficiencies and their performance characteristics were compared. Simulation results show that the electrical energy and exergy efficiencies achieved in the cathode gas recirculation plant (64.76% and 66.28%, respectively) are significantly higher than those obtained in the conventional plant (54.53% and 55.8%). Article History: Received Feb 23rd 2017; Received in revised form May 26th 2017; Accepted June 1st 2017; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Azami, V, and Yari, M. (2017) Comparison between conventional design and cathode gas recirculation design of a direct-syngas solid oxide fuel cell–gas turbine hybrid systems part I: Design performance. International Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 6(2), 127-136.https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.6.2.127-13

Massive malignant pleural effusion due to lung adenocarcinoma in 13-year-old boy

A 13-year-old boy with no risk factors for lung cancer presented with a massive left-sided pleural effusion and a mediastinal shift on chest radiography and computed tomography. A chest tube drained bloody pleural fluid with an exudative pattern. A pleural biopsy and wedge biopsy of the left lower lobe revealed mucinous adenocarcinoma in the left lower lobe wedge biopsy and metastatic adenocarcinoma in the pleural biopsy. The patient is currently undergoing chemotherapy. Radiotherapy is planned after shrinkage of the tumor. Adenocarcinoma of the lung is very rarely seen in teenagers or children, especially in the absence of risk factors. © SAGE Publications

Effect of replacing barley grain by wheat-based dried distillers’ grains with solubles in the diet on nutritional profiles, energy values, rumen degradation kinetics, and protein supply

Non-Peer ReviewedThe objectives of this study were to determine the effect of replacing barley grain portion of the diet by wheat-based dried distillers’ grains with solubles (wDDGS) on feeding value for ruminants. This study revealed that increasing wDDGS inclusion level increased most of nutritional composition linearly, except for starch which linearly decreased. With increasing wDDGS inclusion, the rumen degradation rate of all measured parameters decreased linearly, extent of degradability of organic matter (OM) was not affected. Extent of CP degradability, degraded protein balance in rumen and calculated metabolizable protein supply in small intestine increased linearly with increasing levels of wDDGS. The inclusion of wDDGS in barley based diets up to 50% did not alter energy values of the diet. Furthermore, the optimum N to energy balance of the feed mixture for microbial growth in the rumen was reached by replacing 25% of barley by wDDGS. Thus, the nutritive value of the barley-based diets can be manipulated by including wDDGS in the diet to overcome shortcomings of barley dominated diets for cattle

The effects of prolonged vegetative reproduction of the two Iranian olive cv. tree cultivars (Dezful Baghmalek and Dezful Safiabad) on morphological traits

Somaclonal variation of the two Iranian olive cultivars named Dezful Baghmalek (DB) and Dezful Safiabad (DS) during the long-term propagation among 7 subcultures were evaluated. Morphological traits such as leaf length, leaf width, number of leaves on shoot, the length of shoots, internode distance and rooting percentage were measured. The study results showed that DB affected somaclonal variations more than the DS cultivar, especially rooting percentage, but the DS cultivar had a steady behavior, especially rooting percentage, during several subcultures. Although in all the traits that were fluctuating, irregular and unpredictable changes such as the length of shoots were observed, the most significant trait that was studied with almost a similar vibration in the two cultivars were leaf length and width changes measures. Totally, we could not select any specific subculture period for the creation of the maximum satisfied morphological changes, because it was suitable for increasing the internode distance (DB) and leaf length which were in the second and seventh subcultures that were optimized. Consequently, it was suitable for DS in the seventh subculture. For the purpose of accomplishing the proper morphological changes in the length of shoots, number of leaves and enhancement of rooting percentage in DB cultivar and also, internode distance and leaf width increase in DS cultivar, somaclonal variation during several subcultures will be appropriate.Key words: Olea europaea L., somaclonal variation, Dezful cultivars

Effect of replacing corn grain by wheat-based dried distillers’ grains with solubles dietary energy and protein value in cattle

Non-Peer ReviewedThe objectives of this study were to determine the effect of replacing corn grain portion of the diet by wheat-based dried distillers’ grains with solubles (wDDGS) on feeding value for ruminants by chemical fractionation, nylon bag rumen degradation and nutrient modeling approaches. This study revealed that increasing wDDGS inclusion level increased most of nutritional composition linearly, except for starch which linearly decreased. Metabolizable protein supply in small intestine increased linearly with increasing levels of wDDGS. The inclusion of wDDGS in corn based diets decreased energy values of the diet slightly. Optimum ruminal N to energy balance for microbial growth was reached by replacing 25-50% of corn by wDDGS. In summary, this study suggests that corn and wheat DDGS combinations are a viable alternative for replace feed barley grain for the beef industry in western Canada

Oil-in-water microemulsion encapsulation of antagonist drugs prevents renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats

Developing new therapeutic drugs to prevent ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced renal injuries is highly pursued. Liposomal encapsulation of spironolactone (SP) as a mineralocorticoid antagonist increases dissolution rate, bioavailability and prevents the drug from degradation. In this context, this work develops a new formulation of oil-in-water type microemulsions to enhance the bioavailability of SP. The size of the SP-loaded microemulsion was about 6.0 nm by dynamic light scattering analysis. Briefly, we investigated the effects of nano-encapsulated SP (NESP) on renal oxidative stress, biochemical markers and histopathological changes in a rat model of renal I/R injury. Forty eight male Wistar rats were divided into six groups. Two groups served as control and injury model (I/R). Two groups received “conventional” SP administration (20 mg/kg) and NESP (20 mg/kg), respectively, for two days. The remaining two groups received SP (20 mg/kg) and NESP (20 mg/kg) two days before induction of I/R. At the end of the experiments, serum and kidneys of rats underwent biochemical, molecular and histological examinations. Our results showed that I/R induces renal oxidative stress, abnormal histological features and altered levels of renal biomarkers. Administration of SP in healthy animals did not cause any significant changes in the measured biochemical and histological parameters compared to the control group. However, SP administration in the I/R group caused some corrections in renal injury, although it could not completely restore I/R-induced renal oxidative stress and kidney damage. On the contrary, NESP administration restored kidney oxidative injury via decreasing renal lipid peroxidation and enhancing glutathione, superoxide dismutase and catalase in kidneys of the I/R group. The deviated serum levels of urea, creatinine, total proteins and uric acid were also normalized by NESP administration. Furthermore, NESP protected against renal abnormal histology features induced by I/R. Therefore, NESP has beneficial effects in preventing kidney damage and renal oxidative stress in a rat model of I/R, which deserves further evaluations in the future

An evaluation of the effectiveness of a reproductive health education program for nonmedical students in Iran: A quasi-experimental pre-test, post-test research

Background: Young people age 10 - 25 are an important population to evaluate the female youth educational program essential to the prevention of issues related to reproductive health. Objectives: This study evaluated the effectiveness of the education program for improving university student�s reproductive health. Patients and Methods: This quantitative study was conducted in Iran from July 2014 to March 2015. The questionnaire addressed socio-demographic features, knowledge of reproductive problems, and attitudes. Program effectiveness was examined using a quasi-experimental research design with pre-intervention and post-intervention. Data from questionnaires was collected preintervention and post-intervention from 150 female students. Results: In this study, results showed that an intervention and education program had a significant effect on several issues related to reproductive health. Most participants stressed the need to provide reproductive health services for young girls. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that the reproductive health education program improved the students� knowledge and attitudes about sexuality and decision-making after the program and that these educational programs are important for youths. © 2016, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences