Surgical treatment of postoperative sternal mediastinitis using titanium nickelide implant

Postoperative sternal dehiscence is a severe complication of cardiac surgery. The aim of the study was to evaluate the outcomes of different surgical treatment tactics in patients with postoperative sternal mediastinitis. A total of 41 patients with postoperative sternal mediastinitis were studied from 2010 to 2014. Patients comprised 29 men (70,7%) and 12 women (29,3%) aged 61,12 ± 8,62 years. The first stage of surgical intervention included: secondary surgical debridement; surgical debridement with metal osteosynthesis (MOS) by metal suture (configurations: 1-1-1-1-1-1; 1-Х-1-1-1-1; 1-8-8-8) and longitudinal MOS of the left middle third of the sternum + transverse MOS (configurations: Z-Z-Z and 1-1-88-1-1 among others); sternal resynthesis with mesh titanium nickelide implant according to originally designed method (patent of the Russian Federation N 2489097). The study demonstrated that routine sternoraphy is not recommended in patients who underwent operations involving median sternotomy or if the re-thoracotomy is required due to infection complication in the sternum and anterior mediastinum. Indeed, this method did not result in recovery in 72,22% of cases and even worsened sternal fragmentation. In case of the absence of severe sternal fragmentation and when elimination of acute inflammation was achieved (surgical debridement, correct antibiotic therapy, and bandaging), sternal resynthesis with mesh titanium nickelide implant was preferable. Combination of this method with surgical debridement of the sternum and anterior mediastinum was acceptable in patients with chronic sternal osteomyelitis and mediastinitis. The method of sternal resynthesis with mesh titanium nickelide implant achieved good immediate results and secure fixation of the sternal fragments with recovery of sternal continuity. This method should be indicatedfor treatment of patients without severe sternal fragmentation

Promising directions of laboratory diagnostics in spores and fitness

The article describes the main biomarkers for determining human adaptation to physical activity. Analyzed modern scientific publications on the criteria of individual tolerance of food products, studied promising directions of personalized correction of the diet. The authors have formed a group of valid (sports-specific) laboratory indicators, it is proposed to pay close attention to the reference values of laboratory equipment that have “their own” norms. A promising direction of laboratory diagnostic work is the formation of reliable and accessible complementary criteria that are at the “junction” of functional and instrumental diagnostic methods. Metabolomics is viewed as a young but highly effective science for detecting highly specific metabolic characteristics of human health. The authors proposed the main directions of scientific research in laboratory diagnostics in sports

МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ АЛГОРИТМОВ ФУНКЦИОНИРОВАНИЯ СИСТЕМЫ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ С КОМПЕНСАЦИЕЙ СИЛ ИНЕРЦИИ

The analysis results of inertial forces effect on the behavior of cargo and trolley, development and research methods of compensation this forces in anti-sway control systems are presented. As shown by simulation, inertial forces should be taken into account when develop anti-sway control methods. We have proposed ways to compensate this forces in control system with input shaping control system.Приведены результаты моделирования влияния сил инерции на поведение тележки и груза грузоподъемного механизма поворотного типа, разработки и исследования способов компенсации данных сил в разомкнутых системах управления. Проведено моделирование эффективности алгоритмов управления с формирующими фильтрами в системах с компенсацией сил инерции

Нефробластома подковообразной почки у ребенка 3 лет

The authors present the data available in the literature on the incidence of nephroblastoma of the horseshoe kidney in children. They note the rarity of this pathology in the pattern of renal malignancies, diagnostic difficulties, and no consensus as to its treatment policy. The authors describe their observation of a 3-year-old child with nephroblastoma with bilateral involvement of the horseshoe kidney.

АНАЛИЗ КОЛЕБАНИЙ ТРОСА И СПОСОБОВ ИХ ПОДАВЛЕНИЯ ДЛЯ ГРУЗОПОДЪЕМНЫХ МЕХАНИЗМОВ

An analysis of rope oscillation that occur during the movement of a suspended load is presented. Standard shaping filters reduce the oscillation amplitude but are not able completely prevent this oscillation is shown by simulation. We propose a new method based on the use of state observer. This method allows improving the efficiency and makes it possible to move the load without overshoot.Приведены результаты исследования поведения троса грузоподъемных механизмов с нагруженным подвесом, когда масса груза соизмерима с массой троса и с ненагруженным подвесом. Произведен анализ эффективности подавления колебаний троса системами управления с применением шейпинг-фильтра и наблюдателя

МКЭ-анализ эффективности бионической исторической консоли в качестве колонны крупногабаритного станка

Concept of machine tool’s column in the appearance of vertical bionic console is proposed. Console was 3D-transformed from the shape of legacy oak-like structure – Eddystone lighthouse. It is proposed to create the variable-section column with “layer-by-layer” technics from the polymer concrete.FEA shows high stiffness of the column. It increases from 1500 to 11000 N/μm from top to bottom along vertical guideways. Such stiffness needs only 19.3 ton of concrete for the instance of 4.5 m height’s column. FEMmodelling pointed out rather high eigenmode’s frequencies (˃49 Hz). FRF is appropriate for pre-resonance heavy cutting as for post-resonance finishing. Proposed bionic-shape column is perspective as for stand-alone variant so for portal composition created by two opposite columns.Предложена концепция станочной колонны в виде вертикальной бионической консоли. Консоль получена виртуальной 3D-трансформацией древоподобной башни исторического маяка Эдистон. Колонну предложено создавать из полимербетона с послойным формированием переменного сечения.МКЭ-анализ показал высокую жесткость колонны (от ~1500 до ~11000 Н/мкм сверху вниз). Такая жесткость достигнута для высоты колонны в 4,5 м при массе бетона только 19,3 т. МКЭ-моделирование указывает, что резонансы колонны располагаются высоко (˃49 Гц). АЧХ благоприятна для силового резания на дорезонансых частотах и для чистовой зарезонансной обработки. Возможно использование как уединенной бионической колонны, так и создание из двух оппозитно размещенных колонн портала с динамической траверсой

МКЭ-анализ напряжений Пизанской башни как путь освоения студентами сферы виртуальных исптыний

FEA of stress state for Pisa Tower is accomplished. Imaginary vertical orientation of the tower is simulated as well as its actual leaning position too. Moderate deformational incompatibility between “column drum” and “stem” load-bearing systems is revealed. Twofold overstressing of lower colonnade is found comparatively to the stem surface. Tower’s compressive stress concentrators are described. The inner helical passage into stem causes a periodical stress concentration about 1.5 – 2 times in the passage vicinity. Arch compression concentrator tied to stem – basis transition is revealed. Places for priority monitoring of marble masonry are pointed out.Some methodic experience is gained due to lively and successful student participation in all phases of the Pisa Tower FEM simulation.Выполнена МКЭ-оценка напряженного состояния Пизанской башни. Виртуальные испытания проведены для проектного вертикального и реального наклонного состояний. Выявлено несовместность деформирования барабана колонн и ствола башни. Обнаружено двукратное перенапряжение колонн нижнего яруса. Выявлены концентраторы сжатия в башне. Концентрация напряжений сопровождает винтовой ход внутри ствола. Описан дуговой концентратор сжатия, возникающий на переходе от ствола к базису. Даны рекомендации по мониторингу системы.Собран методический опыт, позволяющий студентам полноценно участвовать в командной работе в серьезных виртуальных испытаниях в сфере CAE

Phosphatidylserine Targets Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes to Professional Phagocytes In Vitro and In Vivo

Broad applications of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) dictate the necessity to better understand their health effects. Poor recognition of non-functionalized SWCNT by phagocytes is prohibitive towards controlling their biological action. We report that SWCNT coating with a phospholipid “eat-me” signal, phosphatidylserine (PS), makes them recognizable in vitro by different phagocytic cells - murine RAW264.7 macrophages, primary monocyte-derived human macrophages, dendritic cells, and rat brain microglia. Macrophage uptake of PS-coated nanotubes was suppressed by the PS-binding protein, Annexin V, and endocytosis inhibitors, and changed the pattern of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine secretion. Loading of PS-coated SWCNT with pro-apoptotic cargo (cytochrome c) allowed for the targeted killing of RAW264.7 macrophages. In vivo aspiration of PS-coated SWCNT stimulated their uptake by lung alveolar macrophages in mice. Thus, PS-coating can be utilized for targeted delivery of SWCNT with specified cargoes into professional phagocytes, hence for therapeutic regulation of specific populations of immune-competent cells

The influence of salinity on the effects of Multi-walled carbon nanotubes on polychaetes

Salinity shifts in estuarine and coastal areas are becoming a topic of concern and are one of the main factors influencing nanoparticles behaviour in the environment. For this reason, the impacts of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) under different seawater salinity conditions were evaluated on the common ragworm Hediste diversicolor, a polychaete species widely used as bioindicator of estuarine environmental quality. An innovative method to assess the presence of MWCNT aggregates in the sediments was used for the first time. Biomarkers approach was used to evaluate the metabolic capacity, oxidative status and neurotoxicity of polychaetes after long-term exposure. The results revealed an alteration of energy-related responses in contaminated polychaetes under both salinity conditions, resulting in an increase of metabolism and expenditure of their energy reserves (lower glycogen and protein contents). Moreover, a concentration-dependent toxicity (higher lipid peroxidation, lower ratio between reduced and oxidized glutathione and activation of antioxidant defences and biotransformation mechanisms) was observed in H. diversicolor, especially when exposed to low salinity. Additionally, neurotoxicity was observed by inhibition of Cholinesterases activity in organisms exposed to MWCNTs at both salinities.publishe