Expression of Placental Neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) in Physiological Pregnancy, Preeclampsia and Chorioamnionitis

Neurotrophic factors are a group of proteins that act as paracrine and autocrine growth factors. They are involved in the regulation of morphogenesis and development of several tissues. The present study aims to evaluate, for the first time, the expression of Neurotrophin-3 in the human placenta during normal pregnancy and in preeclampsia and chorioamnionitis. Neurotrophin-3 mRNA, assessed by RT-PCR analysis in six term placentas, were observed in all the specimens examined. Neurotrophin-3 protein expression and tissue distribution was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in placenta samples from uncomplicated first trimester (n = 5) and term (n = 5) pregnancies as well as in specimens from preeclampsia (n = 5) and chorioamnionitis (n = 5). In first trimester specimens, strong immunoreactivity was present in villous stromal cells, in the cyto- and syncytiotrophoblast, in decidua cells and in endometrial glands. Third trimester specimens showed prominent immunostaining in cyto- and syncytiotrophoblast cells, in decidua cells and in the amniotic membranes. Villous stromal cells were weakly stained. Similar protein localization was observed in placentas with preeclampsia and chorioamnionitis. In the latter, however, positive villous stromal cells increased in number and in staining intensity when compared with controls and preeclampsia (p < 0.001). The roles of Neurotrophin-3 in pregnancy are presently unknown. A regulatory function on placenta and foetal brain development and maternal inflammatory response may be hypothesized

Synthesis and evaluation of N⁶-substituted apioadenosines as potential adenosine A₃ receptor modulators

Adenosine receptors (ARs) trigger signal transduction pathways inside the cell when activated by extracellular adenosine. Selective modulation of the A(3)AR subtype may be beneficial in controlling diseases such as colorectal cancer and rheumatoid arthritis. Here, we report the synthesis and evaluation of beta-D-apio-D-furano- and alpha-D-apio-L-furanoadenosines and derivatives thereof. Introduction of a 2-methoxy-5-chlorobenzyl group at N-6 of beta-D-apio-D-furanoadenosine afforded an A(3)AR antagonist (10c, K = 0.98 mu M), while a similar modification of an alpha-D-apio-L-furanoadenosine gave rise to a partial agonist (11c, K-i = 3.07 mu M). The structural basis for this difference was examined by docking to an A(3)AR model; the antagonist lacked a crucial interaction with Thr94

Peran PT.Bank Rakyat Indonesia (BRI) dalam Penyaluran Kredit Umum Pedesaan terhadap Pengembangan Usaha Mikro di Kota Pekanbaru

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengamati peran Kredit Umum Pedesaan BRI UnitSimpang Baru dalam mengembangkan usaha mikro di Kota Pekanbaru.Data primer diperoleh melalui kuisioner dengan sampel sebanyak 65 orang. Datasekunder diperoleh dari lembagayang terkaityaitu BRI Unit Simpang Baru.Analisadata yang digunakan adalah deskriptif yaitu penganalisaan data denganmenggambarkan seluruh peristiwa dari objek penelitian dan mengaitkannya denganteoriyang ada dan ditabulasikan ke dalam tabel-tabel kemudian dipqparkan.Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa peningkatan modal usaha sebelum menerimaKUPEDES secara umum pada tahun 2003 sebesar Rp. 18.515.385,- menjadi Rp.35.438.462,- pada tahun 2009 dengan rata-rata peningkatan sebesar 87,31% untukomset secara umum pada tahun 2003 dari Rp. 8.520.000,- menjadi Rp. 23.564.615,-atau sebesar 170,95% dan untuk pendapatan mengalami peningkatan sebesar85,91% yaitu secara umum pada tahun 2003 dari Rp. 3.569.538,- menjadi Rp.6.636.154, - pada tahun 2009

Analysis of Labor Women at Star Hotels in the City of Pekanbaru

The research was conducted in the city of Pekanbaru in 2013. This study aims to determine how the image of women in the labor-star hotel in the city of Pekanbaru is viewed from the aspect of education, past work, income, region of origin, and the factors driving women working in five-star hotel in the city Pekanbaru. This study uses primary data collected directly from the respondents on the female labor-star hotel in the city of Pekanbaru. The population in this study were all women in labor-star hotel in the city of Pekanbaru is classified at 3.4 and 5 star hotel that is numbered 511 people. While the sample used in this study amounted to 100 people. Secondary data were obtained from the Department of Culture and Tourism of Pekanbaru, Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) of Pekanbaru. Engineering data was collected directly by visiting the employment of women in the five-star hotel in the city of Pekanbaru. This study analyzed using descriptive analysis method. Based on the survey results revealed that female employees who worked at the five-star hotel in the city of Pekanbaru seen from the aspect of education, which is dominated workforce education level diploma. Then views of the work, where workers who work at five-star hotel in the city of Pekanbaru has over 5 years experience. Viewed from the aspect of labor income, where the amount of earned income workers who worked at the hotel in Pekanbaru City Star above the minimum wage and depend on the position occupied. From the aspect of the origin, generally derived from the city of Pekanbaru. Then the drivers of women working in five-star hotel in the city of Pekanbaru is the salary offered as expected

Studi Kelayakan Pendirian Pabrik Pakan Ternak Ayam Ras Petelur di Kota Payakumbuh

This study aims to look at the feasibility of establishing feed mills chicken laying in Payakumbuh terms of marketing, the supply of raw materials, economic and social side of the financial side. This research was conducted in Payakumbuh the object of research is laying chicken breeders in Payakumbuh. Data were analyzed with descriptive analysis to look at the feasibility of animal feed mill in terms of marketing, in terms of raw material supply, in terms of socio-economic and quantitative data analysis to look at the feasibility of animal feed mill in terms of financial, namely using analysis of the Net Present Value (NPV), Ratio Benefits Cost (Cost Benefit Ratio), Internal Rate of Return (IRR). Results of research conducted on 37 respondents note that the feasibility of fodder plant of aspects of the market and the marketing of fodder plant laying chicken included in the category of decent, from the aspect of raw materials establishment of feed mills chicken laying in Payakumbuh feasible to set, from the social aspect economic feed mill laying chicken in Payakumbuh worthy to open and generate profits, fodder plant feasibility of financial aspect rESULTS Net Present Value (NPV) of Rp. 15.490214 billion. Therefore NPV is greater than zero, then laying chicken factory feasible to set. Value Benefit Cost Ratio (B / C ratio) is 1.03, because the B / C ratio is greater than one, then laying chicken factory feasible to set. Value Internal Rate of Return (IRR) is 32.4%. Because this value is greater than the prime interest rate used is 6.5% then laying chicken factory feasible to set in Payakumbuh

High-intensity exercise training induces morphological and biochemical changes in skeletal muscle

Skeletal muscle shows an elevated plasticity and can adapt its metabolic and contractile properties in response to a variety of stimuli such as physical exercise. This implies a series of biochemical and morphological changes in the recruited muscle, in order to produce the more appropriate functional response dependent on the specific stimulation. To determine the effective role of physical exercise in the muscle plasticity, in the present study we investigated the effect of two different exercise protocols on fiber composition and metabolism of two specific muscles of mice: the quadriceps -a fast-twitch muscle- and the gastrocnemius -a typical slow-twitch muscle. Mice were run daily on a motorized treadmill for 8 weeks, at a velocity corresponding to 60% (low-intensity exercise) or 90% (high-intensity exercise) of the maximal running velocity previously determined by an incremental exercise test. We found that at the end of training the body weight was significantly increased in highintensity exercise mice (18.2 ± 1.4 %) compared to low-intensity exercise (8.7 ± 0.6 %) and control (12.7 ± 0.5 %) groups, and it was lesser in low-intensity exercise mice compared to controls. In contrast, the food intake of both exercise training mice was greater compared to control group. Whereas low-intensity exercise mice, despite consumed significantly more food compared to control mice, increased the weight lesser, the weight increase of high-intensity exercise mice, that consumed significantly more food compared to other experimental groups, was significantly greater. These effects were accompanied by a progressive reduction in blood lactate levels at the end of training in both the exercised mice compared with controls; in particular, blood lactate levels after highintensity exercise were significantly lower than those measured in low-intensity exercise mice. Moreover, in the present study we demonstrated that high-intensity exercise training produced a significant increase in the expression of mitochondrial complex enzymes (significant for the enzymes corresponding to the Complex IV, II and I of mitochondrial chain) both in gastrocnemius and quadriceps muscle, compared with controls. These changes were associated with an increase in the amount of slow fibers in both these muscle of high-intensity exercise mice. No changing in the expression of mitochondrial enzymes and in the percentage of slow fibers were found in low-intensity exercise mice

Everolimus and enteric-coated mycophenolate sodium Ab initio after liver transplantation: Midterm results

Background and aim. Everolimus (EVR) use in liver transplantation (OLT) has been prescribed with calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs), steroids, and monoclonal antibodies. The aim of our study was to evaluate the safety, feasibility, and impact on renal function of EVR ab initio, in combination with enteric-coated mycophenolate sodium (EC-MPS) without the use of induction treatment, steroids, or CNIs.Patients and methods. We retrospective analyzed nine consecutive patients who underwent OLT at our institution. The initial dose of EVR (1.5 mg/d) was adjusted to achieve trough levels of 8 to 12 ng/mL. EC-MPS introduced at 1080 mg/d was maintained at the same dose over time.Results. At a mean follow-up of 21.48 (standard deviation [SD] 1.4) months from OLT, 7/9 recipients were alive with stable graft function. The 2-year patient and graft survivals were 77%. One recipient died due to cerebral hemorrhage and one, lung failure. No clinical evidence of an acute rejection episode was observed. Mean estimated glomerular filtration rate value, according to the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formula increased from 59.5 (SD 9.89) mL/min/1.73 m(2) at OLT to 100.2 (SD 47.5) mL/min/1.73 m(2) (P = .03) after 12 months and 98.71 (SD 33.74) mL/min/1.73 m(2) (P = .03) after 24 months' follow-up.Conclusion. A double immunosuppression therapy with EVR and EC-MPS ab initio seemed to be efficacions and safe, representing a valid alternative to CNIs to prevent renal failure after OLT

Reduction of colonic inflammation in HLA-B27 transgenic rats by feeding Marie Ménard apples, rich in polyphenols

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are immunomediated ailments affecting millions of individuals. Although diet is regarded as an important factor influencing IBD, there are no accepted dietary recommendations presently available. We administered 7.6 % lyophilised apples obtained from two cultivars (Golden Delicious and Marie Ménard, low and high in polyphenols, respectively) to HLA-B27 transgenic rats which develop spontaneous IBD. After 3 months feeding, rats fed Marie Ménard apples had reduced myeloperoxidase activity (3.6 (sem 0.3) v. 2.2 (sem 0.2) U/g tissue; P <0.05) and reduced cyclo-oxygenase-2 (P <0.05) and inducible NO synthase gene expression (P <0.01) in the colon mucosa and significantly less diarrhoea (P <0.05), compared with control rats. Cell proliferation in the colon mucosa was reduced significantly by feeding Golden Delicious apples, with a borderline effect of Marie Ménard apples. Gene expression profiling of the colon mucosa, analysed using the Whole Rat Genome 4 x 44 K Agilent Arrays, revealed a down-regulation of the pathways of PG synthesis, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling and TNFalpha-NF-kappaB in Marie Ménard-fed rats. In the stools of the animals of this group we also measured a significant reduction of bacteria of the Bacteriodes fragilis group. In conclusion, the administration of Marie Ménard apples, rich in polyphenols and used at present only in the manufacturing of cider, ameliorates colon inflammation in transgenic rats developing spontaneous intestinal inflammation, suggesting the possible use of these and other apple varieties to control inflammation in IBD patient