Hubungan Kinerja Otak Dengan Spiritualitas Diukur Dengan Menggunakan Indonesia Spiritual Health Assessment Pada Tokoh-tokoh Agama Kristen Gmist (Pendeta) Di Resort Tahuna

: Neuroscience is a science about the nervous system. The development of neuroscience has touched the spiritual dimension. There are four things if combined will result spirituality, they are meaning of life, positive emotions, spiritual experience and rituals. Daniel Amen divides brain into five major systems namely prefrontal cortex, limbic system, basal ganglia, gyrus cingulatus, and temporal lobes. Indonesia Spiritual Health Assessment (ISHA) is a tools that can measure and describe the correlation of spirituality with brain. This study aimed to determine the correlation between the brain performance with the spirituality in christian religious leaders GMIST (pastor) at resort Tahuna. This was a descriptive studywith analytical survey method. Sample of this research was GMIST pastors amount of 33 people. The Spearman correlation test showed a P value 0.017 between the basal ganglia and spiritual experience which indicated that the correlation was significant. Conclusion: There was significant correlation between the brain performance with the human spirituality measured by using ISHA in Christian religion leaders GMIST (pastors) at Tahuna resort

Studies on the flight medical aspects of the German Lufthansa non-stop route from Frankfurt to Rio de Janeiro, part 1

The problem of crew size for regularly scheduled flights between Frankfurt and Rio de Janeiro is discussed. Factors affecting crew performance are examined, comparisons are drawn to regulations of other countries and crew questionnaires and tests are presented

Beyond the Workplace: "Upstream" Business Practices and Labor Standards in the Global Electronics Industry

Despite decades of debate and efforts to improve global labor standards, multiple problems still persist. Whether arguing for a more active role for the state, persuading firms to adopt codes of conduct, improving monitoring and sanctioning processes or seeking a higher degree of commitment between supply chain actors, scholars still lack an adequate explanation for why labor problems do not show improvement. Existing theories, while they will help, are not sufficient to solve this issue because they are focused on the production side of markets—the result both of an intellectual and policy bias towards production and the tendency to look for solutions where problems occur. Using a case study of Hewlett-Packard’s (HP) supply chain, qualitative and quantitative data from field visits to plants in South East Asia and a unique dataset of HP’s code of conduct audits, we demonstrate that even under the most-likely conditions that favor previous theories of labor standards, code of conduct violations, in particular excess working hours, exhibit widespread persistence. Having explained this, we demonstrate that this persistence is the product of a set of policies and practices designed and implemented upstream by global buyers and their lead suppliers

Moral purpose, economic incentive and global trade : why new business models are needed

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2006.Includes bibliographical references (p. 134-139).Globalization has occurred in various forms over the past century, yet only recently has it become daily news. This evolving process has created numerous underlying tensions that are not well understood. While western society has tried to address these tensions, it has sometimes mishandled them. In this thesis, we examine one such area; the belief that globalization creates opportunities for significant labor exploitation and why it is necessary, in the absence of government regulation and enforcement, to set social codes for companies sourcing products in developing countries in order to prevent this mistreatment. The thesis examines whether these codes are actually effective in accomplishing their stated objective of improving social conditions and if not, what plan could better accomplish this goal. It is divided into five chapters; the first is a review of five central globalization trends that frame the social code discussion. The second and third chapters look at the negative publicity that exposed labor problems overseas and assesses whether any of the known global actors care enough to cure the problems. Starting with the historical development of multi-stakeholder initiatives (MSIs) set up as a response to these problems, we then examine the codes they promulgated.(cont.) In the fourth and fifth chapters, we discuss why the codes are less effective than desired. The analysis is focused on the alignment and misalignment of institutional and organizational incentives in three areas: business model design, supply-chain management, and capital-market development. While acknowledging the impressive social good accomplished by the MSI's, we argue that moral purpose by itself is difficult to impose across a wide range of institutions and cultures. Using more dynamic business models, companies and MSIs can create the right incentives to eliminate exploitive practices. Finally, we look at how creating such a virtuous cycle can have a profound positive impact on global trade and encourage governments to regulate. While modifying business models will prove daunting for many companies, there is ample economic justification to do so.by Hiram M. Samel.S.M

Essays on volatility and the division of innovative labor

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2013.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.Includes bibliographical references.Economic liberalization has brought a widespread belief that strengthening supply-side institutions is not only a necessary condition but also a sufficient one for economic and technological development. Yet uneven growth in advanced economies and a tenacious 'middle-income' trap tests this view. This dissertation, composed of three essays, examines persistent challenges to social, technological and economic development. A key aspect of my approach is to understand whether states can control the environment in which local firms make decisions. In particular, I argue scholars have exhibited a significant bias towards the supply side of markets as sources of innovation and growth. I exploit this bias by examining cases in which the characteristics of global demand markets significantly shape firm strategies. The first essay, based on a five-year dataset of Hewlett-Packard's social audits along with extensive fieldwork in their global supply chain, identifies demand volatility as a significant cause of persistent labor standards violations in the global electronics industry, in contrast to the conventional wisdom. The second essay uses a critical case study of the Penang semiconductor cluster to examine the challenges late industrializers face when confronted with stalled technological upgrading in a world of horizontal production networks. In common with efforts to improve labor standards, the real obstacle to technological upgrading is demand volatility. I argue the case of Penang shows that it is volatility, not the search for low wages, which increasingly determines the international division of labor in emerging economies. The third essay uses a unique dataset of production firms founded with MIT-licensed technology to examine whether the U.S. captures the long-term benefits of its investments in technological innovation. Through interviews with senior managers and founders, it finds that the U.S. ecosystem provides fertile ground to start firms; yet when these firms need to take the significant leap into larger-scaled processes, both the need for additional capital as well as the search for production capabilities pulls many firms to move critical knowledge abroad. The three essays demonstrate that demand increasingly shapes global production and innovation architectures, not the opposite as is widely assumed.by Hiram M. Samel.Ph.D

Production Goes Global, Compliance Stays Local: Private Regulation in the Global Electronics Industry

Concerns about poor working conditions in global supply chains have led to private initiatives that seek to regulate labor practices in developing countries. But how effective are these regulatory programs? We investigate the effects of transnational private regulation by studying Hewlett Packard’s (HP) supplier responsibility program. Using analysis of factory audit records, interviews with buyer and supplier management, and field research at production facilities across seven countries, we find that national context — not repeated audits, capability building, or supply chain power — is the most important predictor of workplace compliance. We then use field research to identify two local institutions that complement transnational private regulation: domestic regulatory authorities and civil society organizations. Although these findings imply limits to private regulation in institutionally poor settings, they also highlight opportunities for productive linkages between transnational actors and local state and society

Two-dimensional phase-space picture of the photonic crystal Fano laser

The recently realized photonic crystal Fano laser constitutes the first demonstration of passive pulse generation in nanolasers [Nat. Photonics $\boldsymbol{11}$, 81-84 (2017)]. We show that the laser operation is confined to only two degrees-of-freedom after the initial transition stage. We show that the original 5D dynamic model can be reduced to a 1D model in a narrow region of the parameter space and it evolves into a 2D model after the exceptional point, where the eigenvalues transition from being purely to a complex conjugate pair. The 2D reduced model allows us to establish an effective band structure for the eigenvalue problem of the stability matrix to explain the laser dynamics. The reduced model is used to associate a previously unknown origin of instability with a new unstable periodic orbit separating the stable steady-state from the stable periodic orbit.Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures, journal, Phys. Rev. A, before editorial correctio

Sosialisasi Moderasi Beragama: Merawat Kemajemukan Melalui Moderasi Beragama di Sekolah

This article describes insights into religious moderation and strategies for treating pluralism in education. The purpose of this activity is to socialize the insight of religious moderation in a plural common life, provide awareness to always be wise and wise in responding to various issues that have the potential to divide the nation's children and offer principles and strategies in caring for pluralism for every education stakeholder. The method used is the presentation or presentation of material, questions, and answers, or discussions with the participants. The activity enriched participants' insights regarding religious moderation, besides educational institutions also have a strategic function or role in caring for the nation's plurality. Some principles or strategies that need to be considered in caring for pluralism include creating classes or schools that are anti-discrimination (free from discriminatory treatment), designing learning curricula that contain profiles of graduates who love pluralism, learning models that form moderate attitudes of students, building a culture of dialogue, implementing a reward system for students who behave tolerantly and respect others who have different identities. The community service carried out showed high enthusiasm or responsiveness from the participants and there was an interest in the issue of religious moderation.Artikel ini mendeskripsikan wawasan moderasi beragama dan strategi merawat kemajemukan dalam dunia pendidikan. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk mensosialisasikan wawasan moderasi beragama dalam kehidupan bersama yang majemuk, memberikan penyadaran untuk senantiasa bersikap arif dan bijaksana dalam merespon berbagai isu-isu yang berpontensi memecah belah anak bangsa, serta menawarkan prinsip dan strategi dalam merawat kemajemukan bagi setiap stakeholder pendidikan. Adapun metode yang dipakai adalah presentasi atau pemaparan materi serta tanya jawab atau diskusi dengan para peserta. Kegiatan tersebut memperkaya wawasan peserta dalam hal moderasi beragama, bahwa institusi pendidikan juga memiliki fungsi atau peran strategis dalam merawat kemajemukan bangsa. Beberapa prinsip atau strategi yang perlu diperhatikan dalam merawat kemajemukan antara lain menciptakan kelas atau sekolah yang anti diskriminasi (bebas dari perlakuan diskriminatif), mendesain kurikulum pembelajaran yang memuat profil lulusan yang mencintai kemajemukan, model pembelajaran yang membentuk sikap moderat peserta didik, membangun budaya dialog, menerapkan sistem penghargaan bagi siswa yang berperilaku toleran, dan menghargai sesama yang berbeda identitasnya. Pengabdian masyarakat yang dilakukan menunjukkan antusiasme atau responsivitas yang tinggi dari para peserta serta adanya ketertarikan pada isu moderasi beragama

Microscopy of bacterial translocation during small bowel obstruction and ischemia in vivo – a new animal model

BACKGROUND: Existing animal models provide only indirect information about the pathogenesis of infections caused by indigenous gastrointestinal microflora and the kinetics of bacterial translocation. The aim of this study was to develop a novel animal model to assess bacterial translocation and intestinal barrier function in vivo. METHODS: In anaesthetized male Wistar rats, 0.5 ml of a suspension of green fluorescent protein-transfected E. coli was administered by intraluminal injection in a model of small bowel obstruction. Animals were randomly subjected to non-ischemic or ischemic bowel obstruction. Ischemia was induced by selective clamping of the terminal mesenteric vessels feeding the obstructed bowel loop. Time intervals necessary for translocation of E. coli into the submucosal stroma and the muscularis propria was assessed using intravital microscopy. RESULTS: Bacterial translocation into the submucosa and muscularis propria took a mean of 36 ± 8 min and 80 ± 10 min, respectively, in small bowel obstruction. Intestinal ischemia significantly accelerated bacterial translocation into the submucosa (11 ± 5 min, p < 0.0001) and muscularis (66 ± 7 min; p = 0.004). Green fluorescent protein-transfected E. coli were visible in frozen sections of small bowel, mesentery, liver and spleen taken two hours after E. coli administration. CONCLUSIONS: Intravital microscopy of fluorescent bacteria is a novel approach to study bacterial translocation in vivo. We have applied this technique to define minimal bacterial transit time as a functional parameter of intestinal barrier function

Cryo-EM structure of a helicase loading intermediate containing ORC-Cdc6-Cdt1-MCM2-7 bound to DNA

In eukaryotes, the Cdt1-bound replicative helicase core MCM2-7 is loaded onto DNA by the ORC-Cdc6 ATPase to form a prereplicative complex (pre-RC) with an MCM2-7 double hexamer encircling DNA. Using purified components in the presence of ATP-γS, we have captured in vitro an intermediate in pre-RC assembly that contains a complex between the ORC-Cdc6 and Cdt1-MCM2-7 heteroheptamers called the OCCM. Cryo-EM studies of this 14-subunit complex reveal that the two separate heptameric complexes are engaged extensively, with the ORC-Cdc6 N-terminal AAA+ domains latching onto the C-terminal AAA+ motor domains of the MCM2-7 hexamer. The conformation of ORC-Cdc6 undergoes a concerted change into a right-handed spiral with helical symmetry that is identical to that of the DNA double helix. The resulting ORC-Cdc6 helicase loader shows a notable structural similarity to the replication factor C clamp loader, suggesting a conserved mechanism of action