A Preliminary Assessment of the Groundwater Potential of Ekiti State, Southwestern Nigeria, using Terrain and Satellite Imagery Analyses.

A preliminary investigation involving the interpretation and analyses of hydrogeomorphological and remote sensing data had been carried out in the Basement Complex terrain of Ekiti State, Southwestern Nigeria. This was with a view to assessing the groundwater potential of the state.  The Topographic map and Landsat Mapper (TM) satellite imagery (1986) of the study area were acquired and processed using the ArcGIS and ERDAS Imagine Software. The hydrogeomorphological, lineament density and lineament intersection density maps were generated from the processed remote sensing data. Hydrogeomorphological, lineament density and lineament intersection density maps were integrated for the classification of the study area into different groundwater potential zones. Five hydrogeomorphological units including hills/ridges, pediments, pediplains, pediplain with alluvium, and valleys were delineated in the study area. The lineament map showed that the linear structures in the study area generally trend along N-S, ENE-WSW, E-W and NW-SE directions. The lineament intersection nodes dominated the northwestern, western and south-eastern parts of the study area. Both the hydro-significant lineament and lineament intersection density maps revealed five (5) lineament cluster zones. Based on the foregoing, the study area was characterized into five different groundwater potential zones which are very low, low, moderate, high and very high groundwater potential zones. Keywords: Basement Complex, Geomorphology, Lineament, Lineament Density, Groundwater Potential, Ekiti State.

An appraisal of the geologic structure beneath the ikogosi warm spring in south-western nigeria using integrated surface geophysical methods

An integrated surface geophysical investigation involving resistivity and magnetic methods was carried out in the immediate vicinity of the Ikogosi warm spring situated in south-western Nigeria with a view to delineating its subsurface geological sequence and evaluating the structural setting beneath the warmspring. Total field magnetic measurements and vertical electrical sounding (VES) data were acquired along five N-S traverses. Magnetic and VES data interpretation involved inverse modelling. The inverse magnetic models delineated fractured quartzite/faulted areas within fresh massive quartzite at varying depths and beneath all traverses. The geoelectrical sections developed from VESinterpretation results also delineated a subsurface sequence consisting of a topsoil/weathered layer, fresh quartzite, fractured/faulted quartzite and fresh quartzite bedrock. It was deduced that the fractured/faulted quartzite may have acted as conduit for the movement of warm groundwater from profound depths to the surface while the spring outlet was located on a geological interface  (lineament)

Persistent hypertension up to one year postpartum among women with hypertensive disorders in pregnancy in a low-resource setting:A prospective cohort study

BACKGROUND: Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDPs) are associated with lifelong cardiovascular disease risk. Persistent postpartum hypertension in HDPs could suggest progression to chronic hypertension. This phenomenon has not been well examined in low- and middle-income countries (LIMCs), and most previous follow-ups typically last for maximally six weeks postpartum. We assessed the prevalence of persistent hypertension up to one year in women with HDPs in a low resource setting and determined associated risk factors. METHODOLOGY: A prospective cohort study of women conducted at eight tertiary health care facilities in seven states of Nigeria. Four hundred and ten women with any HDP were enrolled within 24 hours of delivery and followed up at intervals until one year postpartum. Descriptive statistics were performed to express the participants’ characteristics. Univariable and multivariable logistic regressions were conducted to identify associated risk factors. RESULTS: Of the 410 women enrolled, 278 were followed up to one year after delivery (follow-up rate 68%). Among women diagnosed with gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia/eclampsia, 22.3% (95% CI; 8.3–36.3) and 62.1% (95% CI; 52.5–71.9), respectively, had persistent hypertension at six months and this remained similar at one year 22.3% (95% CI; 5.6–54.4) and 61.2% (95% CI; 40.6–77.8). Maternal age and body mass index were significant risk factors for persistent hypertension at one year [aORs = 1.07/year (95% CI; 1.02–1.13) and 1.06/kg/m(2) (95% CI; 1.01–1.10)], respectively. CONCLUSION: This study showed a substantial prevalence of persistent hypertension beyond puerperium. Health systems in LMICs need to be organized to anticipate and maintain postpartum monitoring until blood pressure is normalized, or women referred or discharged to family physicians as appropriate. In particular, attention should be given to women who are obese, and or of higher maternal age

Metabolic syndrome following hypertensive disorders in pregnancy in a low-resource setting:A cohort study

Objectives: Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDPs) are associated with risk of future metabolic syndrome. Despite the huge burden of HDPs in sub-Saharan Africa, this association has not been adequately studied in this population. Study design: This was a prospective cohort study on pregnant women recruited between August 2017 - April 2018 and followed up to one year after their deliveries and evaluated for presence of metabolic syndrome at delivery, nine weeks, six months and one year. Main outcome measures: Prevalence of metabolic syndrome Results: A total of 488 pregnant women were included: 410 and 78 with HDPs and normotensive, respectively. None of the normotensive had metabolic syndrome until one year (1.7% = 1 out of 59 observations), while among those with HDPs were 17.4% (71 of 407), 8.7% (23 of 263), 4.7% (11 of 232) and 6.1% (17 of 278), at delivery, nine weeks, six months and one year postpartum, respectively. High BMI and blood pressure were the drivers of metabolic syndrome in this population. The incidence rate in HDPs versus normotensive at one year were, respectively, 57.5/1000 persons’ year (95%CI; 35.8 – 92.6) and 16.9/1000 persons’ years (95%CI; 2.4-118.3), with incidence rate ratio of 3.4/1000 person's years. Only parity significantly predicted the presence of metabolic syndrome at one year [(aOR= 3.26/delivery (95%CI; 1.21-8.79)]. Conclusion: HDPs were associated with a higher incidence of metabolic syndrome up to one year postpartum. Women with HDPs should be routinely screened for metabolic syndrome within the first year postpartum to reduce cardiometabolic risks.</p

An interactive software for Schlumberger theoretical resistivity forward modelling

No Abstract. Global Journal of Geological Sciences Vol. 5 (1&2) 2007: pp. 25-4

Laboratory modelling of the electrical resistivity response of Near-surface geological contacts

No Abstract. Global Journal of Geological Sciences Vol. 5 (1&2) 2007: pp. 91-9

© 2007, INSInet Publication A Comparative Study of the Accuracy of Preliminary Interpretation Techniques in Computer-aided Vertical Electrical Sounding (Ves) Data Interpretation

Abstract: This paper investigates the significance of the accuracy of the starting model parameters generated from conventional partial curve matching (CPCM), the asymptotes/inflection points (AIP) and the type curve-controlled guess (TCCG) techniques of Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) preliminary interpretation. The study involves both model studies and field data analysis. A total of thirty (30) Schlumberger VES data sets generated for multilayered (3-5 layers) geologic models and field VES data from ten (10) drilled sites in the Basement Complex areas were employed. RESIST version 1.0 software was used for the refinement of the preliminary interpretation results (layer parameters) obtained from model and field data. Statistical analysis of percentage deviations between model and final interpretation parameters was carried out; while composite plots of the interpreted and borehole derived depths were done. The error margins obtained in each of the conventional partial curve matching, asymptotes/inflection points and type curve-controlled guess technique respectively are significantly between ±10%;-30 and +40 % and-30 and +10 % in resistivity estimates; ±10%;-10 and +130 % and-40 and +100 % in depth estimates in the theoretical model data. The error margins in depth in the field data trial are significantly between-35 and +5 % for partial curve matching,-90 and +20 % for asymptotes/inflection points and-85 and-10 % for type curve-controlled guess technique. The partial curve matching interpretation technique gives the most consistently low percentage deviation error margins amongst the three VES preliminary interpretation techniques

Varietal and harvesting time effects on physical characteristics and sensory properties of roasted fresh yellow maize hybrids

The present study evaluated the effects of physical characteristics and harvesting time on the overall likeness of roasted fresh yellow maize hybrids. Freshly harvested cobs from eight biofortified yellow maize hybrids, at three harvesting time (20, 27 and 34 days after pollination (DAP)), were used for this study. The harvested fresh yellow maize cobs were roasted with and without intact husk on hot-charcoal burning on wire gauze until the seeds were cooked and turned brown. Sensory evaluation was carried out on the roasted fresh yellow maize samples within 24 hours after harvesting. The physical characteristics of the fresh maize grains were also determined. Variety and harvesting time had significant effects (P?0.001) on most of the physical properties, except porosity. Harvesting time and husk had effects on the overall likeness of roasted maize hybrids with husk or without husk. The optimum harvesting time to consume roasted maize hybrids was found to be 20DAP, but the overall likeness rating for roasted fresh yellow maize hybrid without husk was higher than that of roasted fresh yellow maize hybrid with husk. There was negative but significant correlation between the physical characteristics and the sensory properties except colour that showed positive correlation. Differences in kernel characteristics caused by genetic inheritance and harvesting time can influence the processing, utilization and consumer overall likeness of maize

An appraisal of the geologic structure beneath the Ikogosi warm spring in south-western Nigeria using integrated surface geophysical methods

An integrated surface geophysical investigation involving resistivity and magnetic methods was carried out in the immediate vicinity of the Ikogosi warm spring situated in south-western Nigeria with a view to delineating its subsurface geological sequence and evaluating the structural setting beneath the warmspring. Total field magnetic measurements and vertical electrical sounding (VES) data were acquired along five N-S traverses. Magnetic and VES data interpretation&lt;br /&gt; involved inverse modelling. The inverse magnetic models delineated fractured quartzite/faulted areas within fresh massive quartzite at varying depths and beneath all traverses. The geoelectrical sections developed from VESinterpretation results also delineated a subsurface sequence consisting of a topsoil/weathered layer, fresh quartzite, fractured/faulted quartzite and fresh quartzite bedrock. It was deduced that the fractured/faulted quartzite may have acted as conduit for the&lt;br /&gt; movement of warm groundwater from profound depths to the surface while the spring outlet was located on a geological interface  (lineament)