Fabrication of sulfonated polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membranes with an excellent antifouling performance by impregnating with polysulfopropyl acrylate coated ZnO nanoparticles

Sulfonated polyethersulfone/sulfopropyl methacrylate membranes impregnated with the polysulfopropyl acrylate coated ZnO nanoparticles were developed using a non-solvent-induced phase separation recipe. The composite membranes offered much-enhanced hydrophilicity and improved porosity, which are critical for the excellent antifouling performance and high permeate flux. By adding polysulfopropyl acrylate modified ZnO, it achieved the maximum water flux of 420 Lm−2h−1 while maintained the natural organic matter rejection rate of 99% with an excellent flux recovery ratio up to 99% in the antifouling measurement. The results display that the impregnation of ZnO nanoparticles in the sulfonated polyethersulfone membrane can effectively increase the surface hydrophilicity which is essential for reducing the irreversible fouling with improved long-term performance and excellent recyclability

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novel triangulation procedure for thinning hand-written tex

Sulfhydryl Functionalized Magnetic Chitosan as an Efficient Adsorbent for High-Performance Removal of Cd(II) from Water: Adsorption Isotherms, Kinetic, and Reusability Studies

In this study, dimercaptosuccinic acid-functionalized magnetic chitosan (Fe3O4@CS@DMSA) was synthesized via in situ coprecipitation process and amidation reaction, aiming to eliminate cadmium (Cd(II)) ions from an aqueous environment. The structure, morphology, and particle size of the Fe3O4@CS@DMSA adsorbent were investigated using FTIR, TEM, EDX, TGA, zeta potential, and XRD techniques, and the obtained results approved the successful synthesis of the Fe3O4@CS@DMSA nanocomposite. The influence of external adsorption conditions such as pH solution, adsorbent mass, initial Cd(II) concentration, temperature, and contact time on the adsorption process was successfully achieved. Accordingly, pH: 7.6, contact time: 210 min, and adsorbent mass:10 mg were found to be the optimal conditions for best removal. The adsorption was analyzed using nonlinear isotherm and kinetic models. The outcomes revealed that the adsorption process obeyed the Langmuir and the pseudo-first-order models. The maximum adsorption capacity of Fe3O4@CS@DMSA toward Cd(II) ion was 314.12 mg/g. The adsorption mechanism of Cd(II) on Fe3O4@CS@DMSA nanocomposite is the electrostatic interaction. The reusability test of Fe3O4@CS@DMSA nanocomposite exhibited that the adsorption efficiency was 72% after the 5th cycle. Finally, this research indicates that the Fe3O4@CS@DMSA exhibited excellent characteristics such as high adsorption capacity, effective adsorption-desorption results, and easy magnetic separation and thus could be an effective adsorbent for removing Cd(II) ions from aqueous solutions

A novel triangulation procedure for thinning hand-written text

NoThis paper describes a novel procedure for thinning binary text images by generating graphical representations of words within the image. A smoothed polygonal approximation of the boundaries of each word is first decomposed into a set of contiguous triangles. Each triangle is then classified into one of only three possible types from which a graph is generated that represents the topological features of the object. Joining graph points with straight lines generates a final polygon skeleton that, by construction, is one pixel wide and fully connected. Results of applying the procedure to thinning Arabic and English handwriting are presented. Comparisons of skeleton structure and execution time with results from alternative techniques are also presented. The procedure is considerably faster than the alternatives tested when the image resolution is greater than 600 dpi and the graphical representation often needed in subsequent recognition steps is available without further processing