2,781 research outputs found
Regularity of the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator on block decreasing functions
We study the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator defined via an unconditional
norm, acting on block decreasing functions. We show that the uncentered maximal
operator maps block decreasing functions of special bounded variation to
functions with integrable distributional derivatives, thus improving their
regularity. In the special case of the maximal operator defined by the
l_infty-norm, that is, by averaging over cubes, the result extends to block
decreasing functions of bounded variation, not necessarily special.Comment: 26 page
Exploring the Philippine FTA Policy Options
The formation of free trade agreements (FTAs), both regional and bilateral, has been a worldwide trend in recent decades. With the failure of the two rounds of the World Trade Organization (WTO), the FTAs as a policy option have become even more attractive for many countries. The Philippines is no exception. Thus, engagement in FTAs is becoming a significant trade policy tool for the country. To derive the optimum benefits from it, though, the Philippines must define its FTA strategy. This Policy Notes outlines the possible key ingredients for such strategy.trade liberalization, East Asia FTA, Asian liberalization, free trade agreement (FTA), economic partnership agreement, regional trade agreement
English as the Language of Trade, Finance, and Technology in APEC: an East Asia Perspective
The use of English language for cross-border communications is important in many areas of trade ranging from tourism to trade in financial services. English will increase the capacity of people to communicate and exchange ideas and goods across borders. However, the increasing involvement in trade, tourism, and international relations among APEC member countries where English is not spoken as the first language poses some problems and barriers in achieving aspired regional cooperation. Efforts have been made by governments to encourage the internalization of English as a second language. This article documents ongoing efforts to adopt English as the official language of trade, finance, and technology in APEC member countries and to improve English fluency in selected East Asian countries. It is an interesting case study on the adoption of a common technology (i.e., English as the medium of communication) as an explicit policy to enhance both global integration and country competitiveness.capacity building, English language, language barrier, language skill, language education, English economy, trade language
What's Happening in the Philippine Free Trade Agreements?
What are the latest developments affecting the Philippines' involvement in free trade agreements (FTAs)? What is the Philippine FTA policy? And what principles should said policy consider? Medalla and Lazaro review the regional and global scenarios as they recommend the elements that should constitute the government's FTA policy.trade liberalization, East Asia FTA, free trade agreement (FTA), regional trade agreement
English as the Language of Trade, Finance, and Technology in APEC: an East Asia Perspective
The use of English language for cross-border communications is important in many areas of trade ranging from tourism to trade in financial services. English will increase the capacity of people to communicate and exchange ideas and goods across borders. However, the increasing involvement in trade, tourism, and international relations among APEC member countries where English is not spoken as the first language poses some problems and barriers in achieving aspired regional cooperation. Efforts have been made by governments to encourage the internalization of English as a second language. This article documents ongoing efforts to adopt English as the official language of trade, finance, and technology in APEC member countries and to improve English fluency in selected East Asian countries. It is an interesting case study on the adoption of a common technology (i.e., English as the medium of communication) as an explicit policy to enhance both global integration and country competitiveness.capacity building, English language, language barrier, language skill, language education, English economy, trade language
Extended sources in the XMM-Newton slew survey
The low background, good spatial resolution and great sensitivity of the
EPIC-pn camera on XMM-Newton give useful limits for the detection of extended
sources even during the short exposures made during slewing maneouvers. In this
paper we attempt to illustrate the potential of the XMM-Newton slew survey as a
tool for analysing flux-limited samples of clusters of galaxies and other
sources of spatially extended X-ray emission.Comment: 2 pages, 4 figures, to appear in the proceedings of "The X-ray
Universe 2005", San Lorenzo de El Escorial (Spain), 26-30 September 200
Trace-metaldynamics in response of increase CO<sub>2</sub> and iron availability in a coastal mesocosm experiment
A mesocosm experiment was performed in the Raunefjord (Norway) to study changes in dissolved Cu (dCu) and Fe (dFe), and in the elemental composition of particles during an Emiliania huxleyi dominated bloom. The CO2 treatments consisted of present (LC; 390 ppmV) and predicted levels (HC; 900 ppmV) and iron conditions were created with the addition of the siderophore desferoxamine B (DFB). Our results showed the DFB addition enhanced the solubility of Fe in this fjord environment. Initially, dFe was comparable among treatments but after the addition, the HC and/or +DFB treatments presented higher levels and finally, the only ones maintaining high dFe were the +DFB treatments. Unlike dCu presented indistinguishable levels in all mesocosms over time. Particulate metals were normalised to P and Al to evaluate the relative influence of biotic and abiotic sources. The Fe:P ratios decreased with time and compared to published phytoplankton ratios suggest Fe storage. On the other hand, Fe:Al ratios were relatively closer to the crustal ratios suggesting that the abiotic source was more important for this metal. Trends for other metals will be discussed.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional AndalucĂa Tech
The XMM-Newton Slew Survey: towards the XMMSL1 catalogue
The XMM-Newton satellite is the most sensitive X-ray observatory flown to
date due to the great collecting area of its mirrors coupled with the high
quantum efficiency of the EPIC detectors. It performs slewing manoeuvers
between observation targets tracking almost circular orbits through the
ecliptic poles due to the Sun constraint. Slews are made with the EPIC cameras
open and the other instruments closed, operating with the observing mode set to
the one of the previous pointed observation and the medium filter in place.
Slew observations from the EPIC-pn camera in FF, eFF and LW modes provide
data, resulting in a maximum of 15 seconds of on-source time. These data can be
used to give a uniform survey of the X-ray sky, at great sensitivity in the
hard band compared with other X-ray all-sky surveys.Comment: 2 pages, 2 figures, to appear in the proceedings of "The X-ray
Universe 2005", San Lorenzo de El Escorial (Spain), 26-30 September 200
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