Характеристика лямблиоза и энтеробиоза у детей Астраханской области

Purpose: assessment of the clinical and epidemiological situation of current invasions in children of the Astrakhan region. 315 outpatient cards of children were analyzed in 2016.The diagnosis of Giardiasis was made to 151 children, the diagnosis of Enterobiasis — 164. The age of all observed children ranged from 9 months to 17 years. The largest part was made up of children aged 3 to 14 years of age — 80.3%, among them enterobiasis was identified — in 46.7%, giardiasis — in 33.6% of cases. Most of the children  — 90.5% were from organized groups (they attended preschool institutions or school). The reasons for the examination of all children were varied. Some children — 63.5% went to the doctor with complaints  or clinical symptoms. Another part of the children — 33% of the diagnosis was made as a result of preventive examinations.In most cases — 78.7% various bad habits were identified. Thus, geophagy (the habit of eating the earth) was noted in 33.3% of children, and onigophagy (the habit of biting the nails) in 24.8%. In 21.3% of cases, bad habits were absent. Contact with pets was established in 22.9% of children. According to the ultrasound, most children with giardiasis (83.8%) had pathology (reactive changes of the pancreas, liver, gallbladder dyskinesia, etc.)In case of giardiasis niferator, albendazole was administered. In case of enterobiasis albendazole, pyrantel, and mebendazole were administered in age dosages. After antiparasitic treatment, in 91.4% of cases, the clinical symptoms of the disease completely disappeared, with giardiasis — in 85.4%, with enterobiasis — in 97% of cases.In 1.3% of children with giardiasis, after several courses of antiparasitic drugs, Giardia was found in feces in the absence of complaints and clinical symptoms, indicating a possible Giardia carrier parasite in children.С целью оценки клинико-эпидемиологической ситуации по актуальным инвазиям у детей Астраханской области было проанализировано 315 амбулаторных карт детей, обратившихся в 2016  г. Диагноз Лямблиоз был поставлен 151 ребенку, диагноз Энтеробиоз — 164.Возраст всех наблюдаемых детей составлял от 9 месяцев до 17 лет. Наибольшую часть составили дети в возрасте от 3 до 14 лет жизни — 80,3%, среди них энтеробиоз был выявлен в 46,7%, лямблиоз — в 33,6% случаев. Большинство детей — 90,5% были из организованных коллективов (посещали  детские дошкольные учреждения или школу). Причины обследования всех детей были разнообразными.  Часть  детей  — 63,5% обратились к специалисту в связи с наличием у них тех или иных клинических симптомов и жалоб. Другой части  детей  — 33% диагноз был выставлен в результате профилактических осмотров.В большинстве  случаев — 78,7% были выявлены различные вредные привычки. Так, геофагия (привычка есть землю) отмечалась у 33,3% детей, а онигофагия (привычка грызть ногти) — у 24,8%. В 21,3% случаев вредные привычки отсутствовали. Котакт с домашними животными был установлен  у 22,9% детей. По данным УЗИ, у большинства детей с лямблиозом (83,8%) отмечалась патология (реактивные изменения поджелудочной железы, печени, дискинезия желчного пузыря и др.).В качестве антипаразитарной  терапии при лямблиозе назначался нифуратель, альбендазол, при энтеробиозе — альбендазол, пирантел и мебендазол в возрастных дозировках. После лечения в 91,4% случаев клинические симптомы заболевания полностью исчезли, при лямблиозе — в 85,4%, при энтеробиозе — в 97% случаев.У 1,3% детей с лямблиозом после нескольких курсов антипаразитарными препаратами обнаруживались лямблии в фекалиях при отсутствии жалоб и клинических симптомов, что свидетельствует о возможном паразитоносительстве лямблий у детей

Characteristics of Giardiasis and Enterobiаsis in children of Astrakhan region

Purpose: assessment of the clinical and epidemiological situation of current invasions in children of the Astrakhan region. 315 outpatient cards of children were analyzed in 2016.The diagnosis of Giardiasis was made to 151 children, the diagnosis of Enterobiasis — 164. The age of all observed children ranged from 9 months to 17 years. The largest part was made up of children aged 3 to 14 years of age — 80.3%, among them enterobiasis was identified — in 46.7%, giardiasis — in 33.6% of cases. Most of the children  — 90.5% were from organized groups (they attended preschool institutions or school). The reasons for the examination of all children were varied. Some children — 63.5% went to the doctor with complaints  or clinical symptoms. Another part of the children — 33% of the diagnosis was made as a result of preventive examinations.In most cases — 78.7% various bad habits were identified. Thus, geophagy (the habit of eating the earth) was noted in 33.3% of children, and onigophagy (the habit of biting the nails) in 24.8%. In 21.3% of cases, bad habits were absent. Contact with pets was established in 22.9% of children. According to the ultrasound, most children with giardiasis (83.8%) had pathology (reactive changes of the pancreas, liver, gallbladder dyskinesia, etc.)In case of giardiasis niferator, albendazole was administered. In case of enterobiasis albendazole, pyrantel, and mebendazole were administered in age dosages. After antiparasitic treatment, in 91.4% of cases, the clinical symptoms of the disease completely disappeared, with giardiasis — in 85.4%, with enterobiasis — in 97% of cases.In 1.3% of children with giardiasis, after several courses of antiparasitic drugs, Giardia was found in feces in the absence of complaints and clinical symptoms, indicating a possible Giardia carrier parasite in children

Influence of different chromosomal abnormalities in Ph-positive bone marrow cells on the chronic myeloid leukemia course during tyrosine kinase inhibitors therapy

The additional molecular and chromosomal abnormalities (ACA) in Phositive cells usually considered as a genetic marker of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) progression. 457 patients in different CML phases received tyrosine kinase inhibitors (1st and 2nd generation) were studied. During therapy 50 cases with additional chromosomal abnormalities in Ph+ clone (22 of them in chronic CML phase) were revealed (median follow-up from CML diagnosis – 117 months, median imatinib therapy – 62 months). 86 % of patients in chronic phase with Ph+- cell abnormalities were cytogenetic resistance, and their 5-years overall survival was 80 % which was significantly lower than in patients without ACA (p &lt; 0.005). The treatment results depend on chromosomal abnormalities detected. In patients with additional chromosome 8 imatinib therapy is effective, although complete cytogenetic response (CCR) is achieved only in the later therapy stages. In patients with additional translocations CCR also achieved with imatinib or 2nd generation TKI. Only a third of patients with additional Ph-chromosome or BCR/ABL amplification achieved complete suppression of Ph+ clone using 2nd generation TKI. The presence of additional chromosome 7 abnormalities and complex karyotype disorders involving isochromosome i(17)(q10) are poor prognostic factors of TKI treatment failures.</p

Using machine learning to predict antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in solid organ transplant recipients: the multicentre ORCHESTRA cohort

Objectives: Study aim is to assess predictors of negative antibody response (AbR) in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients after the first booster of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Methods: SOT recipients receiving SARS-CoV-2 vaccination were prospectively enrolled (March 2021-January 2022) at six hospitals in Italy and Spain. AbR was assessed at first dose (t0), second dose (t1), 3±1 month (t2), and 1 month after third dose (t3). Negative AbR at t3 was defined as anti-receptor binding domain titre &lt;45 BAU/mL. Machine Learning models were developed to predict the individual risk of negative (vs. positive) AbR using as covariates age, type of transplant, time between transplant and vaccination, immunosuppressive drugs, type of vaccine, and graft function, and subsequently assessed using a validation cohort. Results: Overall, 1615 SOT recipients (1072 [66.3%] males, mean±standard deviation (SD) age 57.85±13.77) were enrolled and 1211 received three vaccination doses. Negative AbR rate decreased from (886/946) 93.66% to (202/923) 21.90% from t0 to t3. Univariate analysis showed that older patients (mean age 60.21±11.51 vs. 58.11±13.08), anti-metabolites (57.9% vs. 35.1%) steroids (52.9% vs. 38.5%), recent transplantation (&lt;3 years) (17.8% vs. 2.3%), and kidney, heart, or lung compared to liver transplantation (25%, 31.8%, 30.4% vs. 5.5%) had a higher likelihood of negative AbR. Machine learning algorithms showing best prediction performance were logistic regression (precision recall curve-PRAUC mean 0.37 [95%CI 0.36-0.39]) and k-Nearest Neighbors (PRAUC 0.36 [0.35-0.37]). Conclusions: Almost a quarter of SOT recipients showed negative AbR after first booster dosage. Unfortunately, clinical information cannot efficiently predict negative AbR even with ML algorithms